【正文】 Doing, as Stewart asserts, is the dominant activity for Americans. Thus, the selfmade persons like A. Lincoln and Franklin are ideals to Americans. In Chinese culture, it is preferable to the adaptive attitude to nature. They tend to look at humanity and nature as inseparability with man, thus they learn to adjust themselves to the surroundings and remain a harmonious relationship with nature and with others. Thus the Chinese often say Let me think. we should consult with others, or we shall discuss it later. The delay often annoys English speakers. In ChineseEnglish verbal munication, the municators from the two speech munities often contrast with each other as transfer of the different attitude to doing. 2) Guilt vs. Shame Ruth Benedic uses a bination of the concepts of guilt and shame to describe the west and oriental attitude to life. (qtd. In Jia Yuxin, 1999) True shame cultures rely on external sanctions for good behavior, while guilt cultures depend on an internalized conviction of sin. (Benedict, 1 946: 223。 I should do it. while the English speakers say sorry more frequently than the Chinese. 3) Future orientation vs. Past orientation Futureoriented cultures, such as the one found in the ., emphasize the future and expect it to be grander than the present. What is On the Cultivation of Intercultural Awareness in English Teaching at Junior Middle Schools 10 going to happen holds the greatest attraction because whatever we are doing is not quite as good as what we could be doing. One of the roots of this reality can be found in Christianity. In parison to other religions, one of the lessons of Christianity is that the future is important. No matter whathappened in the past. It is the future that holds the great promise. God fives mistakes, regret and remorse. For example, Americans39。t succeed, try, try and try again. This optimistic view of future also sees Americans believing they can control the future, as can be seen from the address by former president Lyndon Johnson: Yesterday is not ours to recover, but tomorrow is ours to win or lose. Pastoriented cultures believe strongly in the significance of prior events. History, established religions, and tradition are extremely important for there is a strong belief that the past should be the guide for making decisions and . We can see this orientation in China, which because of its long and splendid history continues to respect the past. A Chinese proverb says: Consider the past and you will know the present. Chinese historical dramas lead boxoffice sales. And as Adler notes, Chinese children have no spaceage superman to emulate. Even at play they pretend to be the Monkey supernatural hero of a medieval epic. (qtd. In Samovar and Porter, 2020:72) and Ethics Religion is but one kind of world view, and religion always includes an ethic(Smith1994:210), which is a system of moral principles or rules of conduct. In the paper, we regard religion and ethic as the sources of cultural interference incrosscultural munication mainly for two reasons. First, religions not only reflect different spiritual and psychological needs of Department of Foreign Languages, Hunan First Normal University 11 people in different cultures, but also reveal some of the social aspects and practices that vary from culture to culture. Religion can show very clearly how a culture perceives issues such as life, death, social relationships, ethics, munity and other matters that affect munication. Second, as it is very obvious for municators across cultural boundaries that religion is one of the sources of numerous expressions, such as: idioms, allusions, etc., which are not always easy to understand and often cause confusion. When it es to Chinese religion and ethic, Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism would inevitably be mentioned. Confucianism advocates benevolence, justice, propriety, wisdom, confidence, loyalty and filial piety. Taoism holds that everything has two opposite sides。s personal affairs, and they have got more address forms to make clear the plex relationship in the extended family, and so on. All these may be hard to understand for native English speakers and form interference in crosscultural munication. On the Cultivation of Intercultural Awareness in English Teaching at Junior Middle Schools 12 Patterns It is real that Aristotle would not have been Aristotle if he could speak Chinese, and that Confucius would not have been Confucius if he could speak English. With this as a premise, thought patterns of different peoples are varied pletely with one another. Thought is a process of using one39。s attention. So, in some cases the Westerners consider the Chinese people inscrutable. An American businessman was asked what he thought was of business munications. His answer was, All you need is the most important aspect the five Ws one H: what, who, where, when, and how. Nothing else. If it39。 S. W. Scollon: 2020, 75) It is clear that the American favor the deductive pattern. This pattern is to get the topic directly towards what is most concerned. Details can then be worked out deductively as they are needed. In negotiation, Intercultural mismunication can arise because of the delayed introduction of a topic by an Asian participant. Without awareness of the differences, unfair and prejudicial stereotypes of the inscrutable Chinese and the frank and rude westerner will arise. 2) Integral vs. analytical One of the major differences between Chinese and Western patterns On the Cultivation of Intercultural Awareness in English Teaching at Junior Middle Schools 14 of thought is that: Chinese people implement a pattern of thought in which man and nature are regarded as an integral whole