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rt,Mr Smith found that he______his ticket in the office.(2005) A has left B was leaving C had left D would leave分析:考查過去完成時(shí)。主句的行為發(fā)生在從句之前,時(shí)態(tài)就要提前?!揪渥哟笠狻縎mith 到達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)時(shí)才發(fā)現(xiàn)機(jī)票落在辦公室了。答案C?!揪渥哟笠狻孔詮牡郊~約以來,Thomas已經(jīng)有了15次的工作面試了。答案:D。【句子大意】到2100年,將會(huì)有許多不同的交通方式發(fā)展起來了。這里只討論被動(dòng)。最基本的表現(xiàn)形式是“be +過去分詞(+by)”其中be有時(shí)態(tài),人稱和數(shù)的變化,也可以構(gòu)成否定或疑問句;過去分詞作定語(yǔ)在一定的句式中或名詞前也表示被動(dòng)的含義。下面通過部分例子進(jìn)行說明。答案C。【句子大意】昂貴的家具加上仔細(xì)挑選的色系,使得這個(gè)房間看起來非常豪華。答案C?!揪渥哟笠狻磕銒寢屪龅娜髦畏浅:贸?。(2005)A are being painted B are painted C are painting D have been painting分析:考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。這里表示新房子正在被粉刷,并且是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,所以應(yīng)當(dāng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。虛擬語(yǔ)氣 語(yǔ)氣有三種,陳述、祈使和虛擬。虛擬語(yǔ)氣實(shí)際上是一種動(dòng)詞形式。面對(duì)這類考題,考生需要熟記虛擬語(yǔ)氣規(guī)則??忌筛鶕?jù)所給的主句在選項(xiàng)中找與之相配的從句,或反之;根據(jù)所給的帶有命令、建議等含義的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或名詞判斷其從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是否該用虛擬語(yǔ)氣等。 本句為虛擬語(yǔ)氣結(jié)構(gòu),主句為could have warned 引導(dǎo)的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài),從句要用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)had done的形式?!揪渥哟笠狻咳绻覀?cè)琰c(diǎn)知道的話,就會(huì)警告人們有危險(xiǎn)發(fā)生。 本句為虛擬語(yǔ)氣結(jié)構(gòu),remend后的賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用(should)+動(dòng)詞原形的形式,should可以省略。主謂一致與倒裝一、主謂一致 要點(diǎn)1就近原則:not only.......but also。 neither........nor?!?要點(diǎn)2 就遠(yuǎn)原則:在主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)之間插入短語(yǔ) as well as ,together with, along with, with, except, but謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不受插入語(yǔ)的影響仍和主語(yǔ)保持一致。主謂一致是指句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與句子的主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。二、倒裝句: 要點(diǎn)1 only +副詞/ 介詞短語(yǔ)/狀語(yǔ)從句置于句首強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí),后面的主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)必須部分倒裝。 倒裝句有疑問句、there be 句型、表愿望的句子、感嘆句等。如so neither nor等等。(2) 有些副詞和連詞引導(dǎo)的分句也需要倒裝。如as引導(dǎo)的分句需將被強(qiáng)調(diào)的詞前置到句首,即as前,但主謂語(yǔ)順序不變。(3) 有些副詞引導(dǎo)的句子,如here there now then out in down up away等等,需要主謂語(yǔ)倒裝。(4) 具有否定意義的詞或短語(yǔ)作句首時(shí),主謂語(yǔ)倒裝。(5) Only作句首強(qiáng)調(diào)副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)主謂倒裝,但強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)時(shí)不倒裝。主語(yǔ)the relationship 是不可數(shù)名詞,且句子是對(duì)事實(shí)的一般性敘述,所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的單數(shù)形式。例2:Only by telling the truth ____ with the trust and support of your friends.(2014)A you did B you can you D can you說明:考查倒裝句式。結(jié)合句意可知,句子應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。【句子大意】只有坦誠(chéng)才能記你贏得朋友的信任與支持。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)后跟有介詞短語(yǔ)together with時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與介詞短語(yǔ)前的主語(yǔ)一致?!揪渥哟笠狻块_始下雨時(shí),那個(gè)老人和他的鄰居正在欣賞表演。但在試卷中往往是從連詞的辨析角度考查考生對(duì)從句掌握的情況。下面是??歼B詞的比較說明。 As表示非常明顯的原因,通常指因果關(guān)系,主句為重點(diǎn),其引導(dǎo)的從句可放在所要說明的句子前或后。 For是并列連詞,表示推理、解釋,其引導(dǎo)的分句只能放在所要說明的分句的后面。—You’ll see him, for he’s ing. 你會(huì)見到他的,因?yàn)樗鸵獊砹恕?2) 表示時(shí)間的連詞:when \while\ as,表示“當(dāng)。When 引導(dǎo)的從句可表示特定的時(shí)間或一段時(shí)間。As強(qiáng)調(diào)主句與從句的動(dòng)作是在同一時(shí)間點(diǎn)或同一時(shí)間段的時(shí)間進(jìn)行的,有表示“一邊,一邊”之意。注意:while有對(duì)比的意思,強(qiáng)調(diào)不同的狀態(tài)或情況。表示時(shí)間的連詞:since\ until \tillSince表示“自從”,從什么時(shí)候以來?!狧e hasn’t played football since he left 。Not until置句首時(shí),主句要倒裝。表示時(shí)間的連詞:as soon as \no sooner…than\ hardly…when表示“一….就….”。No sooner A than B表示剛做完事情A就做事情B.Hardly A when B表示還沒來得及做完事情A緊接著就開始做事情B.—As soon as she entered the room she knew there was something 。注意:as soon as還有“盡可能”之意。(3) 表示目的、結(jié)果、原因的連詞:so that so…that such…that. So that 表示“以便”、“為了”、“能夠”,其引導(dǎo)的從句中的謂語(yǔ)通常與can may should等連用;也表示“因此”此時(shí),不一定與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用。—He didn’t plan his time well so that he didn’t finish his work on ,所以沒按時(shí)完成任務(wù)。以至”只是所修飾的詞不同。 公式:so+形容詞/副詞+that Such+(a/an)名詞+ that So+形容詞+(a/an) 名詞+ that Such+(a/an) 形容詞+名詞+ that So +many/much/few/little+名詞+ that—There were so many people in the shop that I couldn’t get into it. 商店里人太多,我都進(jìn)不去了?!猄he is such a lovely girl that we all like ,我們都喜歡她。所謂非限制性定語(yǔ)從句是指只對(duì)所修飾的詞作一種補(bǔ)充說明,主句和從句在意義上相對(duì)獨(dú)立,如去掉從句不會(huì)對(duì)主句有影響,主、從句之間用逗號(hào)隔開。(5)表示條件的連詞:unless if…not only if。但這種互換不適于當(dāng)if用在與事實(shí)相反的條件句中?!猈e will go outing tomorrow if it does not ,我們明天去郊游。—Only if I get a job will I have enough money to go to 。If only 但愿、要是。多好呀!表示期盼、遺憾等情感。Even if/ though即便、哪怕。—What if he tells a lie?他若是說謊怎么辦?—If only the alarm clock had !—Even if I have to sell my house I’ll keep my ,我也要堅(jiān)持我的事業(yè)。答案:,且在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。例2:I did not notice that my dog was missing_____ a moment ago.(2013)A before B until C to D on 說明:考查not…until的用法。答案:B。例3:The little boy won’t go to sleep his mother tells him a story.(2005)A how B which C that D unless說明:考查表示條件的連詞?!揪渥哟笠狻啃∧泻⒉豢纤X,除非媽媽給他講故事。這也是對(duì)考生能否將語(yǔ)言的基本知識(shí)運(yùn)用到實(shí)際的閱讀當(dāng)中的一種考查方式。所以考生一定要明白發(fā)生了什么,才能選出正確的答案。完形填空的做題步驟通常為四步。文章開頭第一句和第二句很重要,它告訴讀者這篇文章是關(guān)于什么的。這一步要速度快、粗略,目的是了解文章大意,為選擇正確答案打基礎(chǔ)。這一步要求考生隨時(shí)顧及上下文,一定要根據(jù)上下文辨析所給四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的詞義,選擇答案。這次的通讀是將所有空填好后的通讀,檢查所選詞是否符合上下文的意思。完形填空的出題方式以詞為主,名次、動(dòng)詞的各種形式,以及形容詞、副詞、介詞、連詞、代詞等。Ⅲ.Cloze(30 points)Directions:For each blank in the following passage,there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Every woman dreams of receiving a huge priceless diamond.Now space scientists 21____ that they have discovered the largest diamond in the universe.But it’s well 22____ the reach of the most loves truck men because it39。 pounds,the rock Was found on Valentine’ s Day 24____ in the core of a white dwarf star, and it has excited the 25____ world.“It’s the mother of all diamonds,”said Travis Metcalfe,26____ led the team of researchers at the HarvardSmithsonian Centre,“and you would need a jeweler’S loupe(專用放大鏡),the size of the Sun,to 27____ this diamond.”The largest diamond 28____ on earth was the 3,106carat(克拉)Cullinan.It Was cut 29____ nine major stones,including the 530carat Star of Africa,now a part of the Crown Jewels.Diamonds were 30____ discovered in India more than 2,800 years ago.The Ancient Romans 31____ that the stones were broken pieces of stars that had 32____ to earth.In Ancient Egypt,diamonds were used in funerals. In the Middle Ages,men 33____ them to symbolize their courage and strength.The 34____ of giving them as presents dates from 1477,35____ Maximilian,the prince of Austria, gave a diamond ring to Mary of Burgundy.21.A.a(chǎn)dmit C.exploreReveal 透露,泄露正確22.A.under C.beyond【解析】考查介詞的區(qū)別,A.under“在……之下“ D.within。 B.certain D.correct【答案】A【解析】to be precise 精確的,確切的24.A.buried C.builtburied隱藏 。 blend混合25.A.physical C.material26.A.who C.that27.A.measure C.grade Grade鑒定,分等級(jí)。 B.drawn D.found【答案】D【翻譯】地球上發(fā)現(xiàn)的最大的鉆石是3,106克拉的“庫(kù)林娜”【解析】空格后的was是本句的謂語(yǔ),說明空格中不缺謂語(yǔ),缺少分詞作定語(yǔ),然后根據(jù)句子意思可以選出D29.A.from C.byCut……into,“切割”,本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的固定搭配。 B.last D.newly【答案】A【解析】鉆石最早是2800多年前在印度發(fā)現(xiàn)的。 B.believed D.confirmed【答案】A【翻譯】 古羅馬人相信大石頭被打成小星星,落到地球上。 C.suspected “懷疑” D.confirmed“證實(shí)”,根據(jù)翻譯可知應(yīng)選B32.A.fallen C.left B.viewed D.wore【答案】D【解析】人們佩戴鉆石,以此代表勇氣和力氣。 B.tradition D.culture【答案】B【解析】傳統(tǒng)上,把鉆石作為禮物始于1477年,當(dāng)奧地利的王子把一枚鉆戒送給勃艮