【正文】 fact that BA: 可替換為society，ideology（意識形態(tài)）…B：完整的陳述句。形式通常為：抽象n+that＋陳述句特殊引導詞：whether, where, who, whenThe idea that he told me was true.The idea that the number 13 will bring bad luck is true. 同從和定從的區(qū)別：1. 同位語從句是名詞后的完整句， 定語從句是名詞后不完整的句子。because 可以引導表語從句。When you are in trouble, you will find who your real friend is. 注意1：賓語從句要用陳述句語序。 －who/whom: 誰；what: …； which: 哪一個 whose: 誰的 when: 什么時候 where: 什么地方 why: 為什么 有詞義，充當從句中的成分2. 主語從句What is worth doing is worth doing well. 凡事只要值得做，就值得做好。1. 名詞性從句的引導詞－that: 無詞義，在從句中不做任何成分，只起連接作用。4. 引導詞省略的情況：－ 賓語從句的引導詞that 經(jīng)常省略－定語從句的先行詞如果在從句里做賓語時，引導詞常省略。第二步：引導詞之后的第一個動詞為從句謂語動詞。所不同在于，從句須由一個關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導。－主句是全句的主體，通常可以獨立存在；從句則是一個句子成分，不能獨立存在。 I jump. In youth, we learn. In old age, we understand.2. 主謂賓：I love three things, the sun, the moon and you. The sun for the day, the moon for the night, and you ,forever. 3. 主謂＋雙賓 Please do me a favor. Love gives us a fairy tale. －直接賓語指的是與謂語動詞發(fā)生直接聯(lián)系的名詞 通常是物－間接賓語指的是動作所指向的方向 通常是人 give sb sth( )=give sth to sb cook sb sth( )=cook sth for sb4. 主+謂+ 賓+賓補 I found the book easy.Love makes man grow up or sink down.5. 主+系+表 系動詞：linking verb（連接主語和后面的成分）You are my sunshine（二）英文思維黃金法則 1. 謂語單一原則 －一個簡單句只能有一個謂語。 中英思維差異3中：形象表達法英：抽象表達法家里已有五個孩子，全家人常年在貧困中掙扎。全能語法班（一）建立英文思維，中英思維差異1中：含蓄／好戲在后頭英：直接／開門見山中英思維差異2中：主體性思維英：客體性思維When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had beenspotted fortyfive miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. 譯文：當倫敦動物園接到報告說，在倫敦以南45英里處發(fā)現(xiàn)一只美洲獅時，這些報告并沒有受到重視。 It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.譯文：人們公認這樣一個事實，一個有錢的單身男子一定想要娶個妻子。 As the parents had five children, life was a perpetual struggle against poverty. －－(Lesson 45: The Power of the Press) 簡單句的五大句型1. 主謂：－You jump。 －如果要表達多個動作概念，有三種方式： a. 連詞 b. 非謂語動詞 C. 從句2. 句子分類：簡單句，并列句，復雜句Life is fragile, and evil is real, but courage triumphs. ——Bush We are all in the gutter, but some of us are looking at the stars . ——Oscar Wilde 復合句－復合句由一個主句和一個或一個以上的從句構(gòu)成。－從句不能單獨成句，但它也有主語部分和謂語部分。 3. 如何在主從復合句中找到主句？ 第一步：劃出所有引導詞。第三步：所有從句謂語動詞找到之后，最后剩下的即為主語謂 語動詞。 （三）名詞性從句 把完整的句子當名詞使用在句中充當主語、賓語、表語或同位語 時，就被稱為主語從句，賓語從句，表語從句或同位語從句。－whether if : 是否 有詞義，不做成分，連接作用。主語從句的變體：It is +形容詞+that 從句? It is clear that…… 顯然……? It is natural that…… 很自然……? It is fortunate that ……幸運的是……? It is likely that ……很可能……? It is a pity that……可惜的是……? It is no wonder that……難怪……? It is a shame that……遺憾的是……? It is a mon knowledge that …是常識?主語從句的寫作應用：? 利弊作文結(jié)尾句? Whether …is blessing or cursing is a difficult question to answer, yet the fort or convenience that it brings will not be eliminated.賓語從句：當你身處困境的時候，就會知道誰是你真正的朋友。（主謂）注意2: 形式賓語的閱讀難點 主＋謂＋it＋賓補＋賓語從句 He made it clear that he opposed this project. 表語從句：The question is whether the God really exists.That was because he was ashamed of himself.注意：whether 可引導表語從句，但if不可以。同位語從句：一般修飾抽象名詞，例如:truth, idea, news, information, hope注意：逆向思維幫助化解閱讀難度。2. 同位語從句和其修飾的名詞內(nèi)容相等， 定語從句內(nèi)容不相等。 result from 還可替換為：due to, derive from, because of 2. It reveals the unquestionable fact that… 它揭示了一個毋庸置疑的事實，那就是…（四）語法綜合應用及定語從句一、語法綜合應用前三節(jié)課的語法重點：1. 簡單句的五大句型。 應用一：應用文投訴信的萬能句型1. I am writing to express my concern (dissatisfaction/ disappointment) about the service of your restaurant.2. We would like to draw the attention of the authorities concerned to something they obviously failed to notice3. I sincerely hope that the authorities concerned will consider my suggestion and improve the situation as best as they can. 4. We trust that you will now consider this matter seriously and make an effort to prevent the recurrence of this problem. 應用二：圖畫作文開頭段：1. It is vividly described in the picture that a lamp is listening in the darkness/ a spark is smiling in the darkness. The caption reads, “ love is like a lamp which is brighter in darker places.” 2. The picture vividly depict that a boy is making the final spurt along the race track. We are informed that “ the finishing line is also the starting point.”3. The drawings vividly illustrate the noise and uproar in the big city and the peace and tranquility of t