【正文】
?如何克服這些障礙 ? ?如何有效管理組織沖突 ? 溝通的原理 組織溝通 溝通管理 組織沖突與談判 思考題 33 ? 針對情形一,可首先采用個別交談,給部門經(jīng)理留些面子,如不能解決問題,則采用正式的、公開的溝通方式來處理問題,如會議通報批評或撤職。第十二章 溝通 第一節(jié) 溝通的原理 第二節(jié) 組織溝通 第三節(jié) 溝通管理 第四節(jié) 組織沖突與談判 What Is Communication? ? Communication involves the transfer of meaning. If no information or ideas have been conveyed, munication hasn’t taken place. The speaker who isn’t heard or the writer who isn’t read doesn’t municate. ? The philosophical question “if a tree falls in a forest and no one hears it, does it made any noise?” must, in a munications context, be answered negatively(否定地) . ? However, for munication to be successful, the meaning must be imparted (告知) and also understood. A letter written in Portuguese addressed to a person who doesn’t read Portuguese can’t be considered munication until it’s translated into a language the person does read and understand. ? Communication is the transferring and understanding of meaning. Perfect munication, if such a thing were possible, would exist when a transmitted thought or ideas was perceived by the receiver exactly as it was envisioned (設計) by the sender. ? Another point to keep in mind (不忘記,列入考慮) is that good munication is often erroneously defined by the municator as agreement instead of clarity of understanding. If someone disagrees with us, many of us assume that the person just didn’t fully understand our position. In other words, many of us define good munication as having someone accept our views. ? But I can understand very clearly what you mean and not agree with what you say. In fact, when observers conclude that a lack of municatio