【正文】 ure and use of characteristics of different. In today39。 當(dāng)今世界減速器正被越來(lái)越多地應(yīng)用各種民用和軍用設(shè)備上，另一方面，人們對(duì)減速器的要求隨著時(shí)代的變革也在發(fā)生著 變化， 體積小、重量輕、噪聲低、效率高、可靠性高 的減速器更受人們喜愛，減速器也正朝著 高水平、高性能 的方向不斷推進(jìn)。 其 主要由傳動(dòng)零件 (齒輪或 蝸桿 )、軸、軸承、箱體及其附件所組成。 上 世紀(jì) 70－ 80 年代，世界上減速器技術(shù)有了很大的發(fā)展，且與新技術(shù)革命的發(fā)展緊密結(jié)合減速器是原動(dòng)機(jī)和工作機(jī)之間的獨(dú)立的閉式傳動(dòng)裝置，用來(lái)降低轉(zhuǎn)速和增大 轉(zhuǎn)矩 ，以滿足工作需要，在某些場(chǎng)合也用來(lái)增速，稱為增速器。湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)商貿(mào)學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) I 摘 要 減速器在原動(dòng)機(jī)和工作機(jī)或執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)之間起匹配轉(zhuǎn)速和傳遞轉(zhuǎn)矩的作用，在現(xiàn)代機(jī)械中應(yīng)用極為廣泛。減速器按用途可分為通用減速器和專用減速器兩大類，兩者的設(shè)計(jì)、制造和使用特點(diǎn)各不相同。 減速器 是一種相對(duì)精密的機(jī)械，使用它的目的是降低轉(zhuǎn)速，增加轉(zhuǎn)矩。減速器按用途可分為通用減速器和專用減速器兩大類，兩者的設(shè)計(jì)、制造和使用特點(diǎn)各不相同。 關(guān)鍵字： 減速器 轉(zhuǎn)矩 傳動(dòng)零件 軸承 湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)商貿(mào)學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) II Abstract Speed reducer in the original motivation and implement mechanism between the matching speed and torque transfer function, in the modern machine is widely applied in the. Speed reducer can be classified according to use general reducer and special reducer two categories, both the design, manufacture and use of characteristics of different. 70 of the last century8039。s world of reducer are being increasingly applied in various civil and military equipment, on the other hand, people on the reducer requirements with the change of time is also changing, small volume, light weight, low noise, high efficiency, high reliability of the reducer is more influenced by people like love, speed reducer is also facing the high level, high performance continuously in the direction of advance. Keywords: Retarder Torque Transmission parts Bearing 湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)商貿(mào)學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) III 目 錄 摘 要 ................................................................. I Abstract .............................................................. II 目 錄 ............................................................... III 引 言 ................................................................. 1 1 設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書 .......................................................... 2 設(shè)計(jì)題目 ........................................................ 2 設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容 ........................................................ 2 設(shè)計(jì)要求 ........................................................ 2 2 傳動(dòng)裝置的總體方案設(shè)計(jì) .............................................. 3 對(duì)傳動(dòng)方案的要求 ................................................ 3 擬定傳動(dòng)方案 .................................................... 3 選用閉式斜齒圓柱齒輪 ...................................... 3 選用帶傳動(dòng) ................................................ 3 電動(dòng)機(jī)的選擇 .................................................... 3 選擇電動(dòng)機(jī)的類型和結(jié)構(gòu)形式 ................................ 3 電動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速的確定 .......................................... 4 確定電動(dòng)機(jī)的功率和型號(hào) .................................... 4 傳動(dòng)比的分配 .................................................... 6 計(jì)算傳動(dòng)裝置的運(yùn)動(dòng)和動(dòng)力參數(shù) .................................... 6 各軸轉(zhuǎn)速的計(jì)算 ............................................ 6 各軸輸入功率計(jì)算 .......................................... 6 各軸的輸入 轉(zhuǎn)矩?fù)?jù)算 ........................................ 7 3 傳動(dòng)零件的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 .................................................. 8 設(shè)計(jì)Ｖ帶傳動(dòng)的設(shè)計(jì) .............................................. 8 高速級(jí)齒輪傳動(dòng)的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 ....................................... 10 選定高速齒輪類型、精度等級(jí)、材料，熱處理及齒數(shù) ........... 10 按齒面接觸疲勞強(qiáng)度初步計(jì)算齒輪參數(shù) ........................ 10 確定傳動(dòng)尺寸 ............................................. 11 校核齒根彎曲強(qiáng)度 ......................................... 12 齒輪結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ............................................. 13 低速級(jí)齒輪傳動(dòng)的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 ....................................... 14 選定低速齒輪類型、精度等級(jí)、材料，熱處理及齒數(shù) ........... 14 按齒面接觸疲勞強(qiáng)度初步計(jì)算 齒輪參數(shù) ....................... 14 確定傳動(dòng)尺寸 ............................................. 15 校核齒根彎曲強(qiáng)度 ......................................... 16 齒輪結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ............................................. 17 4 軸的設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................... 19 湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)商貿(mào)學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) IV 軸的材料選擇和最小直徑估算 ..................................... 19 軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ................................................... 19 高速軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ......................................... 19 中間軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ......................................... 20 低速軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ......................................... 21 5 軸的校核 ........................................................... 22 軸的力學(xué)模型的建立 ............................................. 22 軸上力的作用點(diǎn)位置和支點(diǎn)跨距的確定 ....................... 22 繪制軸的力學(xué)模型圖 ....................................... 22 計(jì)算中間軸上的作用力 ........................................... 23 計(jì)算支反力 ..................................................... 23 繪轉(zhuǎn)矩、彎矩圖 ................................................. 24 彎扭合成強(qiáng)度校核 ............................................... 25 6 零件的選擇與校核 ................................................... 26 鍵的選擇與校核 ................................................. 26 聯(lián)軸器的選擇 ................................................... 26 7 滾動(dòng)軸承的選擇和校核 ............................................... 27 中間軸滾動(dòng)軸承的選擇 ........................................... 27 滾動(dòng)軸承的校核 ................................................. 27 計(jì)算徑向載荷 ............................................. 27 計(jì)算內(nèi)部軸向力 ........................................... 27 計(jì)算軸承所受的軸向載荷 ................................... 27 計(jì)算當(dāng)量載荷 ............................................. 28 驗(yàn)算軸承壽命 ............................................. 28 8 潤(rùn)滑與密封的設(shè)計(jì) ................................................... 29 潤(rùn)滑設(shè)計(jì) ....................................................... 29 密封設(shè)計(jì) ....................................................... 29 9 箱體的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................... 30 確定箱體的尺寸與形狀 ........................................... 30 合理設(shè)計(jì)肋板 ................................................... 30 合理選擇材料 ................................................... 30 10 減速器附件的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) .............................................. 32 11 減速器輸出軸加工工藝 .............................................. 33 輸出軸的零件圖和技術(shù)要求 .....