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oyed and agricultural production was cut down to stabilize the falling farm big industries were also pelled to make took efforts to consolidate the old markets and to conquer new ones under the cloak of the “Good Neighbor Policy”. also took some measures of “social security”, paying pensions to the old, unemployed and the ’s “New Deal” did not change the capitalist system but helped to improve “New Deal” had a certain historical relaxed the economic crisis, made some concessions to the working people, stopped the national economy from collapsing and especially prevented the from being a fascist state such as Germany, Italy and do you know about the “Glorious Revolution”? this time, the Cavaliers and Roundheads had settled down to bee England’s first political parties, the former the Tories and the latter the Whigs were still not satisfied and began to stir up popular felling against the King’s brother, James, who was a Catholic and was likely to be the next people did not want a Catholic king, but the Whig’s violent behavior reminded England too much of the interest of mon justice, Parliament passed in 1679 the wellknown Habeas Corpus Act, according to which, any person arrested or detained should be brought before a court of judge within twentyfour Ⅱ, Charles’s brother, ascended the throne after Charles died in openly ignored laws passed by Parliament and intended to maintain a standing army manded by three years of struggle, the Whig and Tory leaders at last united against James Ⅱ.Being afraid of another revolution, they planned a coup d’ June 1688 the leaders of Parliament invited William of Holland to e and take the landed with an army and he was so warmly weled that James ran away to France without any attempt at and Mary were then crowned as joint was known in history as “The Glorious Revolution” 1689, Parliament expressed the Bill of Rights。 early as in 195039。others are developed nations like Australia,Canada and New Commonwealth was set up as a form for continued cooperation and as a sort of support It is the Maori word for “Maori culture.” It refers to all the elements of the rich cultural heritage of the indigenous people in New Zealand, including their language, customs and traditions, “Washminster” form polityIt is adopted by the Australian is a mixture of the US Washington system of government and the British Westminster means that the political structure of the government is base on a Federation of States with a threetier system of , the chief executive is a Prime Minister, instead of a President as in the US National ParkIt is the oldest and one of the largest national parks in the is named after the Yellowstone River that flows through the is known for its geysers and hot springs among other natural [反主流文化]In the wake of the Free Speech Movement and the New Left, there appeared a phenomenon that historians called the “counterculture”.The counterculture rejected capitalism and other Americans had morals different from those taught by their group of youth tried to construct different ways of life,.Among the most famous were the thought new experience through dropping out, and drug it was music,rock music particular, that became the chief vehicle for the counter cultural assault on the traditional American counterculture exerted a great influence upon people’s attitudes toward social morals, marriage, career and Luther King, black Baptist minister, he was leader of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference during the civil rights movements of the promote his philosophy of nonviolent protest against segregation and other kinds of social injustice, King organized a series of “marches”, including the march on Washington of August 1963, when King delivered his famous “ I Have a Dream” a civil rights leader, King worked not only to end racial discrimination and poverty, but also to raise the self image of the to his strong belief in nonviolent peaceful protest, King was awarded the Nobel Peace Price in was assassinated in the city of Memphis in April .Richard NixonRichard Nixon was the former President of the United won the elction in 1968 and was reelected in he was in office, he contributed to the establishment of diplomatic relations between the US and China and visited China in after he was reelected ,he was involved in theWatergate scandal,for which he was forced to resign from the your understanding of how the United States is governed according to its constitution, including its polity and the check and balance mechanism of Congress proposes a law that the president think is unwise, the president can veto means the proposal does not became can enact the law despite the president’s views only if twothirds of the members of both houses vote in favor of Congress passes a low which is the challenged in the courts as unconstitutional, the Supreme Court has the power to declare the law unconstitutional and therefore no longer in president has the power to make treaties with other nations and to make all appointments to federal positions,including the position, of Supreme Court Senate,however,must approve all treaties and confirm all appointments before they bee this way the Congress can prevent the president from making unwise do you understand the saying: ”British history has been a history of invasion.” ?Before the 1st century AD Britain was made up of many tribal kingdoms of Celtic people:a powerful cultural originating in central in 43AD Britain was invaded by Roman Empire, and England and Wales became part of the Roman Empire for nearly400 the Roman Empire came under threat from the east, the Roman armies and Roman protection were withdrawn from Britain, and Britain was again divided into small kindoms, andagain it came under threat from outside, this time from Germanic peoples:the Angles,and the the 5th century AD it is said that a great leaderKing Arthur appeared, united the British, and with his