【正文】 s. Note that the F test assumes normality ?Note that we get a graphical summary of both sets of data as well as the relevant statistics…. Analyzing the data…. ?Levene’s test also pares the variance of the two samples and is robust to nonnormal data. Again, the PValue of .229 indicates that we would fail to reject the null hypothesis. ?Here we have box plot representations of both populations. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 84 ?Now that we have our data stacked, we are ready to test for equal variances.… ?Go to Stat… ANOVA…. Test for equal Variances... Checking for equal variance.. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 82 Checking for equal variance.. ?We now want to see if we have equal variances in our samples. ?To perform this test, our data must be “stacked”. ?To acplish this go to Manip… Stack… Stack Columns…. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 80 Set up the Test ?We will test the “Before” column of data…. ?Check AndersonDarling ?Click OK 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 78 ?Load the file ….. Setting up the test in Minitab 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 76 Note that the data does not fit the normal curve very well... Note that the Long Term capability (Ppk) is . This equates to a Z value of 3*= standard deviations or sigma values. This equates to an expected defect rate PPM of 147,055. INTERPRETING THE DATA…. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 74 SETTING UP THE TEST…. Go to Stat… Quality Tools…. Capability Analysis (Weibull)…. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 72 PROCESS CAPABILITY ANALYSIS 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 70 Scatter plot.... We now have a series of Scatter plots, each one corresponding to a bination of the data sets available… Note that there appears to be a strong correlation between Verbal and both Math and GPA data…. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 68 Scatter plot.... ?There is another way we can generate these scatter plots…. ?Go to: ?Graph… ?Matrix Plot... 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 66 Scatter plot.... To do this: ?Go to Window… ?Tile... 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 64 Scatter Plot.... Fill out the screen as follows: ?Select GPA for our Y Variable…. ?Select Math and Verbal for our X Variables….. ?Select OK when done... 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 62 Scatter plot.... ?Let’s look at data using a Scatterplot…. ?Go to File… Open Project…. Load the file …. ?Now let’s generate the Scatterplot of the GPA results against our Math and Verbal scores... 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 60 Boxplot.... Fill out the screen as follows: ?Select “filler 1” for our Y Variable…. ?Select “head” for our X Variable…. ?Select OK….. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 58 Boxplot.... We now have our Boxplot of the data... 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 56 Boxplot.... Fill out the screen as follows: ?Select “filler 1” for our Variable…. ?Select Graphs….. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 54 Boxplot.... ?Let’s look at the same data using a Boxplot…. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 52 Histogram.... Fill out the screen as follows: ?Select filler 1 for the Y Variable…. ?Select head for the X Variable ?Select OK….. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 50 Histogram.... ?Let’s look at another “Histogram” tool we can use to evaluate and present data…. ?Go to File… Open Project…. Load the file …. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 48 Histogram.... ?Select Graphical Summary…. ?Select OK….. ?Select OK again on the next screen... 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 46 Histogram.... ?Go to: ?Stat… ?Basic Statistics… ?Display Descriptive Statistics…. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 44 Histogram.... Fill out the screen as follows: ?Select GPA for our X value Graph Variable ?Hit OK….. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 42 Histogram.... ?Let’s generate a Histogram from a set of data…. ?Go to File… Open Project…. Load the file …. ?Now let’s generate the Histogram of the GPA results... 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 40 Pareto Chart.... Fill out the screen as follows: ?Our data is already summarized so we will use the Chart Defects table... ?Labels in “Category”… ?Frequencies in “Quantity”…. ?Add title and hit OK.. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 38 Pareto Chart.... ?Let’s generate a Pareto Chart from a set of data…. ?Go to File… Open Project…. Load the file …. ?Now let’s generate the Pareto Chart... 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 36 Presenting the results.... ?Now all we need to do is tune the presentation….. ?Here we position the graph and summary and put in the appropriate takeaway... ?Then we are ready to present…. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 34 Transferring the Analysis... ?Now go back to your powerpoint presentation….. ?Select Edit….. Paste….. 169。The National Graduate School of Quality Management ? 32 Transferring the Analysis... ?Our Minitab graph is now pasted into the powerpoint presenta