市場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)與管理決策1-文庫(kù)吧資料
2025-01-26 08:14本頁(yè)面
【正文】 ut P = MR $40 長(zhǎng)期產(chǎn)出的選擇 Price ($ per unit of output) Output P = MR SAC SMC $40 長(zhǎng)期產(chǎn)出的選擇 Price ($ per unit of output) Output P = MR SAC SMC q1 $40 A B D In the short run, the firm is faced with fixed inputs. P = $40 ATC. Profit is equal to ABCD. 長(zhǎng)期產(chǎn)出的選擇 Price ($ per unit of output) Output P = MR SAC SMC q1 $40 A B C D $30 LAC E G LMC 長(zhǎng)期產(chǎn)出的選擇 Price ($ per unit of output) Output P = MR SAC SMC q1 $40 A B C D In the long run, the plant size will be increased and output increased to q3. Longrun profit, EFGD short run profit ABCD. $30 q3 q2 LAC E G F LMC 長(zhǎng)期產(chǎn)出的選擇 Price ($ per unit of output) Output P = MR SAC SMC q1 $40 A B C D In the long run the profit maximizing output is LMC = P(MR). $30 q3 q2 LAC E G F LMC 長(zhǎng)期產(chǎn)出的選擇 ? 問(wèn)題 : ? 生產(chǎn)者在價(jià)格為 30時(shí)能否獲得經(jīng)濟(jì)利潤(rùn) ? 長(zhǎng)期產(chǎn)出的選擇 ? ZeroProfit ? 經(jīng)濟(jì)利潤(rùn) = R wL rK – wl = labor cost – rk = opportunity cost of capital 長(zhǎng)期產(chǎn)出的選擇 ? 0利潤(rùn) ? If R wL + rk, 經(jīng)濟(jì)利潤(rùn)為正 ? If R = wL + rk, 0經(jīng)濟(jì)利潤(rùn) , ? If R wl + rk, 考慮退出 長(zhǎng)期產(chǎn)出選擇 ? 長(zhǎng)期競(jìng)爭(zhēng)均衡 ? 長(zhǎng)期對(duì)短期利潤(rùn)的反應(yīng)是增加產(chǎn)出與利潤(rùn) . ? 利潤(rùn)吸引其他廠商進(jìn)入 ? 更多生產(chǎn)者增加產(chǎn)出，降低市場(chǎng)價(jià)格 . 長(zhǎng)期競(jìng)爭(zhēng)均衡 Output Output $ per unit of output $ per unit of output Firm Industry 長(zhǎng)期競(jìng)爭(zhēng)均衡 Output Output Q1 $ per unit of output $ per unit of output $40 P1 LAC LMC D S1 Firm Industry 長(zhǎng)期競(jìng)爭(zhēng)均衡 Output Output $ per unit of output $ per unit of output $40 P1 LAC LMC D S1 S2 $30 Q2 P2 Q1 q2 Firm Industry 長(zhǎng)期產(chǎn)出選擇 ? 長(zhǎng)期競(jìng)爭(zhēng)均衡 1) P = LAC: 沒(méi)有進(jìn)入與退出的激勵(lì) 2) MC = MR 3) 均衡市場(chǎng)價(jià)格 長(zhǎng)期產(chǎn)出選擇 ? 問(wèn)題 : 1) 當(dāng) P LAC解釋市場(chǎng)調(diào)整 2) 一些廠商 MR MC 時(shí)，市場(chǎng)調(diào)整 . 3) 解釋 0經(jīng)濟(jì)利潤(rùn)是長(zhǎng)期均衡的狀態(tài) . 案例透視 ? 零食行業(yè)的有機(jī)熱潮 Summary ? The managers of firms can operate in accordance with a plex set of objectives and under various constraints. ? A petitive market makes its output choice under the assumption that the demand for its own output is horizontal. Summary ? In the short run, a petitive firm maximizes its profit by choosing an output at which price is equal to (shortrun) marginal cost. ? The shortrun market
外語(yǔ)相關(guān)推薦
鄂ICP備17016276號(hào)-1