【正文】 f arrival to the warehouse of the overseas buyer. ? What is the usual practice in international insurance market, with regard to the duration of liability of the insurer 保險公司的責(zé)任起訖期限 in ocean marine cargo insurance海洋運輸貨物保險條款？ ? The insurer is liable to cover the transportation of goods from the warehouse of the seller to the warehouse of the overseas buyer under the W/W clause. The PICC has its own insurance clauses. China Insurance Clauses (CIC) which are different from the Institute Cargo Clauses (ICC) 倫敦保險業(yè)協(xié)會貨物條款 Part 3. Institute Cargo Clauses (ICC) 協(xié)會貨物條款（倫敦保險業(yè)協(xié)會海洋貨物保險條款） The ICC was initially published in 1912 and has been amended many times. The last version was pleted on , 1982 and came into force from April 2,1983, in which six insurance coverages are provided, namely: (1) Institute Cargo Clause A, or ICC(A)。Breakage Risks碰損破碎險 (7) Taint 感染 of Odor Risk串味險 (8) Sweating amp。 Nondelivery)偷竊提貨不著險 (2) Fresh and/or Rain Water Damage Risk (3) Shortage Risk短量險 (4) Intermixture 混雜 amp。 Part 2. Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses of China Insurance Clauses (CIC) 海洋運輸貨物保險條款（中國保險條款） Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses of the People‘s Insurance Company of China was constituted in 1972 and revised in 1976 and 1981. There are mainly two types of insurance coverage: basic coverage (基本險 ) and additional coverage(附加險 )。 Part 1. Perils and Losses in Ocean Transportation （ ⅱ ） General average loss 共同海損 A loss may be accidental意外的 or intentional人為的 . A general average loss is caused intentionally, and such a loss is beneficial to others, then those who have benefited should share that loss. Thus a general average loss is a loss resulting from a voluntary sacrifice or expenditure in time of peril, for the safety of hull, cargo and freight.（共同海損是指在發(fā)生危險時，為了船舶、貨物和運輸?shù)陌踩鞒鲎栽笭奚驗榇烁冻鲑M用所引起的損失。Unit Twelve Insurance What is the purpose of insurance? house against fire. ? You can insure your car against accident/theft. nose against harm. life insurance. health insurance. ? You can effect a endowment accident insurance. burglary and robbery insurance. ?風(fēng)險： risks, perils total loss ?損失： losses particular average partial loss (單獨海損） general average （共同海損） ?險別： risks, perils, coverages 保險公司按照不同 險別 包括的 風(fēng)險 所造成的 損失 和發(fā)生的費用承擔(dān)賠償責(zé)任，所以在保險業(yè)務(wù)中 風(fēng)險 、 損失 和 險別 三者有著緊密的聯(lián)系，為此，我們對保險公司所能承保的風(fēng)險與損失的種類和內(nèi)容必須有準(zhǔn)確的理解。 Risks in Cargo Transportation Risks in cargo transportation are of many kinds. Different risks mean different losses And different risks are covered by different insurance clauses and different insurance clauses mean different premiums保險費 . So we need to have a good understanding of the different risks and losses before we know how to effect insurance. In marine cargo transportation insurance, risks fall into perils of the sea海難 and extraneous risks外來風(fēng)險 . Perils and Losses in Ocean Transportation Perils and risks風(fēng)險 of the Sea海難 /海上風(fēng)險 (1) Natural calamities海上發(fā)生的自然災(zāi)害 (2) Fortuitous accidents意外事故 risks外來風(fēng)險 (1) General extraneous risks (2) Special extraneous risks Part 1. Perils and Losses in Ocean Transportation ? Perils and risks kinds of perils 風(fēng)險種類 In marine insurance, perils are generally of two kinds. 1. Perils of the sea 海上風(fēng)險（又稱海難） （ 1） Natural calamities 海上發(fā)生的自然災(zāi)害 Natural calamities cover vile weather(惡劣氣候 )， thunder and lightening(雷電 )， tsunami(海嘯，