【正文】
( intermittent fever) 回歸熱( relapsing fever) 不規(guī)則熱( irregular fever) 稽留熱 弛張熱 間歇熱 波狀熱 ? 不規(guī)則熱 不規(guī)則熱 (2)發(fā)疹 (rash, eruption):發(fā)疹性感染 斑丘疹 出血疹 皰疹,膿皰疹 蕁麻疹 斑疹 丘疹 皰疹 膿胞疹 ? ( 3)毒血癥狀( toxemic symptoms) ? ( 4)單核吞噬細(xì)胞系統(tǒng)反應(yīng) 傳染病的診斷 病史采集要點(diǎn) 一、現(xiàn)病史 :發(fā)病時(shí)間,起病緩急,發(fā)病初期癥狀,發(fā)熱,各系統(tǒng)癥狀,入院前的檢查用藥等 二、接觸史和預(yù)防接種史 體格檢查要點(diǎn) : 1.應(yīng)詳細(xì)全面系統(tǒng)檢查,特別注意神志、皮膚、淋巴結(jié)、眼結(jié)膜、咽部、心、肺、肝、脾、神經(jīng)反射。 WHO病例定義 ? 在一個(gè)明確的地理范圍內(nèi) 7~ 10天內(nèi) ≥ 3個(gè)人相繼發(fā)病 , 和 無(wú)法解釋 的 中重度急性呼吸道疾病 ( 或死于無(wú)法解釋的急性呼吸道疾病 ) , 和有如下 ≥ 1條流行病學(xué)史: ? 到過(guò)家禽中或其他動(dòng)物中有禽流感暴發(fā)的地區(qū)旅行或居住 , 或 ? 在受禽流感暴發(fā)的地區(qū)直接接觸病死禽類(lèi)或其他動(dòng)物 , 或 ? 密切接觸 H5N1病人 ( 活的或死者 ) , 或密切接觸無(wú)法解釋的重癥急性呼吸道疾病 , 或 ? 可能的職業(yè)性接觸,包括從事動(dòng)物屠宰、獸醫(yī)、實(shí)驗(yàn)室或醫(yī)務(wù)工作的人員 ? The control of infectious disease is a permanent occupation. ? We can win battles, the campaign is likely to be neverending. ? Infections disease which antidated the emergence of humankind will last as long as humanity itself. ? Hopefully we will be better prepared in the future than we have been in the past. The factors global warmming( 全球變暖) urbanization( 都市化) rapid development of travel(旅行) war and natural disaster( 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、天災(zāi)) sexual confusion and addiction (性) increasing of resisting pathogenic strains (強(qiáng)致病原增加) increasing of hospital infection(院內(nèi)感染) Controlling measures ( 1) improving understanding (增進(jìn)了解) ( 2) establishing supervising work (建立 監(jiān)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)) ( 3) enhancing legal construction of infectious diseases ( 4) popularizing the knowledge of prevention and cure of infectious diseases( 普及傳染病預(yù)防與治療知識(shí)) Controlling measures ( 5) Consummating public health establishment (完善公共衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)) ( 6) enhancing basic and clinical research (提高基礎(chǔ)和臨床研究) Human has gained proud achievements in controlling and preventing infectious diseases WHO declared that smallpox had been eliminated all over the world since 28, may ,1980. Smallpox is the first infectious disease exterminated by human through vaccination。 ? 流感的高峰期一般在每年一至三月和七至八月 。 The prevalence of Infectious Diseases Reemergence of Classical Infectious Diseases ? Tuberculosis ? Viral hepatitis ? Sexually transmitted diseases ? Others WNV, Rabies Each year, 2 millions people die of TB Each year, 7~8 millions are infected with TB New Infectious Diseases are Emerging Unceasingly According to t