[臨床醫(yī)學(xué)]傳染病學(xué)總論(已修改)
2025-04-25 22:47 本頁面
【正文】 傳染病學(xué) 同濟大學(xué)附屬東方醫(yī)院感染科 李楊 總論 傳染： munication 傳染?。?municable Diseases Two concepts 感染病 Infectious Diseases 感 染 Infection 傳染病 Communicable Diseases （ Contagious Diseases） 傳 染 Communication Communicable diseases belongs to infectious diseases, but it doesn?t mean that all municable diseases are infectious diseases Examples : Communicable and Infectious Diseases （ 傳染病和感染?。? nonmunicable infectious diseases （ 非傳染性感染?。? ? Fiftytwo millions people die each year in the world， % of which， about 17 millions people die of infectious diseases。 概論 WHO Reports： The outbreak of “Spanish flu” in 1918 caused death of 40 millions people all over the world. I、 In 1674, Mr. Leeuwenhoek（ 列文虎 克） Observed microanisms by homemade microscope. It was the first time that human set eyes on microanisms. ? II. In 1796, Jenner ,An English country doctor, inoculated cowpox vaccinia（ 牛痘） for a 8 years old boy, cowpox vaccinia was invented since that and human are immune from smallpox. ? Today smallpox has been the first infectious disease eradicated by human through vaccination. ? III. In 1882, Koch（ 科赫） , a German bacteriologist discovered tubercle bacillus. ? Pasteur and Koch established the base of microbiology together. Nobel prize winner of physiology and medicine, 1905 Robert Koch ? IV. In 1928, Fleming（費列明） , a doctor from Scotland, discovered penicillin, since then a new ageantibiotics age was initiated. Nobel prize winner of physiology and medicine, 1945 Sir Alexander Fleming ? In 1988, WHO brought forward to eliminate poliomyelitis（ 脊髓灰質(zhì)炎） on 31122022 （ postponed to 2022） . ? In developing countries， about half of the dead persons are due to infectious diseases。 ? Each hour， about 1500 people die of infectious diseases， most of cases occur in developing countries。 近年來人的死因順位發(fā)生了由傳染病為主轉(zhuǎn)向以心、腦血管病、腫瘤等為主的重大變化。 The prevalence of Infectious Diseases Reemergence of Classical Infectious Diseases ? Tuberculosis ? Viral hepatitis ? Sexually transmitted diseases ? Others WNV, Rabies Each year, 2 millions people die of TB Each year, 7~8 millions are infected with TB New Infectious Diseases are Emerging Unceasingly According to the reports issued by
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