【正文】 support of the NBA. James Naismith, originally from Almonte, Ontario, invented basketball at the International YMCA Training School in Springfield, Massachusetts, in 1891. The game was first played with peach baskets (hence the name) and a soccer ball and was intended to provide indoor exercise for football players. As a result, it was originally a rough sport. Although ten of Naismith39。s professional leagues were attempted and failed, including the Women39。s basketball league in the United States was the National Basketball League (NBL), which debuted in 1898. Players were paid on a pergame basis, and this league and others were hurt by the poor quality of games and the everchanging players on a team. After the Great Depression, a new NBL was anized in 1937, and the Basketball Association of America was anized in 1946. The two leagues came to agree that players had to be assigned to teams on a contract basis and that high standards had to govern the game。s game. Television interest followed the women as well with broadcast of NCAA championship tourneys beginning in the early 1980s and the formation of the WNBA in 1997. Internationally, Italy has probably bee the leading basketball nation outside of the United States, with national, corporate, and professional teams. The Olympics boosts basketball internationally and has also spurred the women39。s basketball. Until World War II, basketball became increasingly popular in the United States especially at the high school and college levels. After World War II, its popularity grew around the world. In the 1980s, interest in the game truly exploded because of television exposure. Broadcast of the NCAA Championship Games began in 1963, and, by the 1980s, cable television was carrying regular season college games and even high school championships in some states. Players like Bill Russell, Wilt Chamberlain, and Lew Alcindor (Kareem AbdulJabbar) became nationally famous at the college level and carried their fans along in their professional basketball careers. The women39。 and Japan in 1900. From 1891 through 1893, a soccer ball was used to play basketball. The first basketball was manufactured in 1894. It was 32 in (81 cm) in circumference, or about 4 in (10 cm) larger than a soccer ball. The dedicated basketball was made of laced leather and weighed less than 20 oz (567 g). The first molded ball that eliminated the need for laces was introduced in 1948。 England in 1894。 smaller gyms used five players on a side, and the larger gyms allowed seven to nine. The team size became generally established as five in 1895, and, in 1897, this was made formal in the rules. The YMCA lost interest in supporting the game because 1020 basketball players monopolized a gymnasium previously used by many more in a variety of activities. YMCA membership dropped, and basketball enthusiasts played in local halls. This led to the building of basketball gymnasiums at schools and colleges and also to the formation of professional leagues. Although basketball was born in the United States, five of Naismith39。s five basic principles center on the ball, which was described as large, light, and handled with the hands. Players could not move the ball by running alone, and none of the players was restricted against handling the ball. The playing area was also open to all players, but there was to be no physical contact between players。s bounce. Inside the covering or casing, a rubber bladder holds air. The ball must be inflated to a pressure sufficient to make it rebound to a height (measured to the top of the ball) of 4954 in ( m) when it is dropped on a solid wooden floor from a starting height of 6 ft ( m) measured from the bottom of the ball. The factory must test the balls, and the air pressure that makes the ball legal in keeping with the bounce test is stamped on the ball. During the intensity of high school and college tourneys and the professional playoffs, this inflated sphere mands considerable attention. Basketball is one of few sports with a known date of birth. On December 1, 1891, in Springfield, Massachusetts, James Naismith hung two halfbushel peach baskets at the opposite ends of a gymnasium and outlined 13 rules based on five principles to his students at the International Training School of the Young Men39。s games measures in (7576 cm) in circumference, and a women39。 47． 區(qū)域教育評價有那些主要特點？ (一 )綜合性 (二 )復(fù)雜性 (三 )系統(tǒng)性 48．評價的準(zhǔn)備階段有那些主要任務(wù)？ (一 )制定計劃 (二 )設(shè)計評價方案 (三 )起草下發(fā)文件 (四 )建立評價機(jī)構(gòu) (五 )培訓(xùn)評價人員 (六 )準(zhǔn)備好收集評價信息的工具 .并進(jìn)行試評 請您刪除一下內(nèi)容， O(∩ _∩ )O 謝謝?。?！ 2021 年中央電大期末復(fù)習(xí)考試小抄大全，電大期末考試必備小抄，電大考試必過小抄 Basketball can make a true claim to being the only major sport that is an American invention. From high school to the professional level, basketball attracts a large following for live games as well as television coverage of events like the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) annual tournament and the National Basketball Association (NBA) and Women39。 46． 簡述區(qū)域教育評價的意義。 43． 學(xué)校管理工作評價有那些基本原則？ 學(xué)校管理工作評價應(yīng)堅持的基本原則： 1．方向性原則； 2．客觀性原則； 3．發(fā)展性原則；4．連續(xù)性 原則； 5．發(fā)展性原則。四是課堂快速調(diào)查。三是課堂記錄。 評價者在聽課前應(yīng)事先和作為被評價者的教師約定；二是課堂觀察。第二，讓教師明白學(xué)生評教的目的、意義，把它變?yōu)榻處煹淖陨硇枰?，獲得教師的理解和支持。 33． 簡述教師教育教學(xué)行為評價的主要內(nèi)容。第四，加強(qiáng)評價中與教師的溝通，促進(jìn)教師對評價的積極參與。第三，統(tǒng)一的評價標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與個體化評價相結(jié)合。第 二，恰當(dāng)處理業(yè)績評價與發(fā)展性教師評價的關(guān)系。 32．世界教師評價改革主要有那些趨勢？ 第一，突出教師在評價中的主體地位。 30． 簡述教師評價學(xué)生的一般操作方法。開展學(xué)生小組評價，教師要做好充分的準(zhǔn)備工作，對小組評價進(jìn)行必要 的指導(dǎo)。學(xué)生小組評價可以采取小組討