【正文】 invented basketball at the International YMCA Training School in Springfield, Massachusetts, in 1891. The game was first played with peach baskets (hence the name) and a soccer ball and was intended to provide indoor exercise for football players. As a result, it was originally a rough sport. Although ten of Naismith39。s professional leagues were attempted and failed, including the Women39。s basketball league in the United States was the National Basketball League (NBL), which debuted in 1898. Players were paid on a pergame basis, and this league and others were hurt by the poor quality of games and the everchanging players on a team. After the Great Depression, a new NBL was anized in 1937, and the Basketball Association of America was anized in 1946. The two leagues came to agree that players had to be assigned to teams on a contract basis and that high standards had to govern the game。s game. Television interest followed the women as well with broadcast of NCAA championship tourneys beginning in the early 1980s and the formation of the WNBA in 1997. Internationally, Italy has probably bee the leading basketball nation outside of the United States, with national, corporate, and professional teams. The Olympics boosts basketball internationally and has also spurred the women39。s basketball. Until World War II, basketball became increasingly popular in the United States especially at the high school and college levels. After World War II, its popularity grew around the world. In the 1980s, interest in the game truly exploded because of television exposure. Broadcast of the NCAA Championship Games began in 1963, and, by the 1980s, cable television was carrying regular season college games and even high school championships in some states. Players like Bill Russell, Wilt Chamberlain, and Lew Alcindor (Kareem AbdulJabbar) became nationally famous at the college level and carried their fans along in their professional basketball careers. The women39。 and Japan in 1900. From 1891 through 1893, a soccer ball was used to play basketball. The first basketball was manufactured in 1894. It was 32 in (81 cm) in circumference, or about 4 in (10 cm) larger than a soccer ball. The dedicated basketball was made of laced leather and weighed less than 20 oz (567 g). The first molded ball that eliminated the need for laces was introduced in 1948。 England in 1894。 smaller gyms used five players on a side, and the larger gyms allowed seven to nine. The team size became generally established as five in 1895, and, in 1897, this was made formal in the rules. The YMCA lost interest in supporting the game because 1020 basketball players monopolized a gymnasium previously used by many more in a variety of activities. YMCA membership dropped, and basketball enthusiasts played in local halls. This led to the building of basketball gymnasiums at schools and colleges and also to the formation of professional leagues. Although basketball was born in the United States, five of Naismith39。s five basic principles center on the ball, which was described as large, light, and handled with the hands. Players could not move the ball by running alone, and none of the players was restricted against handling the ball. The playing area was also open to all players, but there was to be no physical contact between players。s bounce. Inside the covering or casing, a rubber bladder holds air. The ball must be inflated to a pressure sufficient to make it rebound to a height (measured to the top of the ball) of 4954 in ( m) when it is dropped on a solid wooden floor from a starting height of 6 ft ( m) measured from the bottom of the ball. The factory must test the balls, and the air pressure that makes the ball legal in keeping with the bounce test is stamped on the ball. During the intensity of high school and college tourneys and the professional playoffs, this inflated sphere mands considerable attention. Basketball is one of few sports with a known date of birth. On December 1, 1891, in Springfield, Massachusetts, James Naismith hung two halfbushel peach baskets at the opposite ends of a gymnasium and outlined 13 rules based on five principles to his students at the International Training School of the Young Men39。s games measures in (7576 cm) in circumference, and a women39。 醫(yī)療保險性質與功能 答 1 公益性與福利性 2 普遍性 3 強制性 4 共濟互助與社會公平性 請您刪除一下內(nèi)容， O(∩ _∩ )O 謝謝?。。?2021 年中央電大期末復習考試小抄大全，電大期末考試必備小抄，電大考試必過小抄 Basketball can make a true claim to being the only major sport that is an American invention. From high school to the professional level, basketball attracts a large following for live games as well as television coverage of events like the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) annual tournament and the National Basketball Association (NBA) and Women39。 4 為社會，為基層服務，方便群眾生活。 2 保護勞動者身體健康，增進勞動者體質。 ，不能真正做到?？顚Ｓ?。 我國社會保障基金籌集的現(xiàn)狀及問題 答： ，籌資方式不規(guī)范，缺乏法律保障，未形成全國統(tǒng)一的制度。 從以上分析可見，社會保險是勞動為危險及損失的客觀現(xiàn)象大量存在。生產(chǎn)的高度社會化，帶來社會分工協(xié)作的日益細密，主要表現(xiàn)在 a 社會生產(chǎn)力的提高是剩 余產(chǎn)品大量增加 b 社會分工細密是寫作更加具有連鎖反應關系，人們在經(jīng)濟利益和生活安全上彼此相互牽扯制約，一部分人的危險可能導致勞動過程的整體失衡，深職引發(fā)社會政治與經(jīng)濟秩序的紊亂。 社會保險產(chǎn)生的客觀條件 答： 1 勞動危險的客觀存在及其造成的經(jīng)濟損失的危害程度。 4 實行養(yǎng)老保險有利于社會的安定團結，代際階梯及 協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。沒有他們的貢獻，就沒有整個社會的發(fā)展。 3 養(yǎng)老保險是社會運行與發(fā)展的需要。進入老年階段，是客觀規(guī)律。年老意味著一種永久性的事業(yè)，從這種意義上說，有年老 導致的無勞動能力是一種確定性的和不可避免的風險，那么養(yǎng)老保險制度就是保障老年人基本生活的必要的社會保障制度。 老齡化造成了養(yǎng)老保險繳費與支出之間的不平衡。據(jù) OECD(經(jīng)濟合作與發(fā)展組織 )有關國家統(tǒng)計， 65 歲以后每人用于醫(yī)療保健方面的費用將隨著年齡的增長而成倍增加。積極推進配 套制度改革，改善新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療制度