【正文】 d Grange, emerged to capture the public39。s Philadelphia SPHAs (South Philadelphia Hebrew Association)。 the Cleveland Rosenblums, owned by Max Rosenblum。s World Basketball Association, before the WNBA debuted in 1997 with the support of the NBA. James Naismith, originally from Almonte, Ontario, invented basketball at the International YMCA Training School in Springfield, Massachusetts, in 1891. The game was first played with peach baskets (hence the name) and a soccer ball and was intended to provide indoor exercise for football players. As a result, it was originally a rough sport. Although ten of Naismith39。s professional leagues were attempted and failed, including the Women39。s basketball league in the United States was the National Basketball League (NBL), which debuted in 1898. Players were paid on a pergame basis, and this league and others were hurt by the poor quality of games and the everchanging players on a team. After the Great Depression, a new NBL was anized in 1937, and the Basketball Association of America was anized in 1946. The two leagues came to agree that players had to be assigned to teams on a contract basis and that high standards had to govern the game。s game. Television interest followed the women as well with broadcast of NCAA championship tourneys beginning in the early 1980s and the formation of the WNBA in 1997. Internationally, Italy has probably bee the leading basketball nation outside of the United States, with national, corporate, and professional teams. The Olympics boosts basketball internationally and has also spurred the women39。s basketball. Until World War II, basketball became increasingly popular in the United States especially at the high school and college levels. After World War II, its popularity grew around the world. In the 1980s, interest in the game truly exploded because of television exposure. Broadcast of the NCAA Championship Games began in 1963, and, by the 1980s, cable television was carrying regular season college games and even high school championships in some states. Players like Bill Russell, Wilt Chamberlain, and Lew Alcindor (Kareem AbdulJabbar) became nationally famous at the college level and carried their fans along in their professional basketball careers. The women39。 and Japan in 1900. From 1891 through 1893, a soccer ball was used to play basketball. The first basketball was manufactured in 1894. It was 32 in (81 cm) in circumference, or about 4 in (10 cm) larger than a soccer ball. The dedicated basketball was made of laced leather and weighed less than 20 oz (567 g). The first molded ball that eliminated the need for laces was introduced in 1948。 England in 1894。 smaller gyms used five players on a side, and the larger gyms allowed seven to nine. The team size became generally established as five in 1895, and, in 1897, this was made formal in the rules. The YMCA lost interest in supporting the game because 1020 basketball players monopolized a gymnasium previously used by many more in a variety of activities. YMCA membership dropped, and basketball enthusiasts played in local halls. This led to the building of basketball gymnasiums at schools and colleges and also to the formation of professional leagues. Although basketball was born in the United States, five of Naismith39。s five basic principles center on the ball, which was described as large, light, and handled with the hands. Players could not move the ball by running alone, and none of the players was restricted against handling the ball. The playing area was also open to all players, but there was to be no physical contact between players。s bounce. Inside the covering or casing, a rubber bladder holds air. The ball must be inflated to a pressure sufficient to make it rebound to a height (measured to the top of the ball) of 4954 in ( m) when it is dropped on a solid wooden floor from a starting height of 6 ft ( m) measured from the bottom of the ball. The factory must test the balls, and the air pressure that makes the ball legal in keeping with the bounce test is stamped on the ball. During the intensity of high school and college tourneys and the professional playoffs, this inflated sphere mands considerable attention. Basketball is one of few sports with a known date of birth. On December 1, 1891, in Springfield, Massachusetts, James Naismith hung two halfbushel peach baskets at the opposite ends of a gymnasium and outlined 13 rules based on five principles to his students at the International Training School of the Young Men39。s games measures in (7576 cm) in circumference, and a women39。 A．健 康與社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的雙向理論 B．醫(yī)學(xué)模式與保健水平相關(guān)性理論 C．社會(huì)因素決定性理論 D．高危險(xiǎn)性理論 E．衛(wèi)生工作要求社會(huì)參與的大衛(wèi)生理論 答案 ： 1 社會(huì) 自然 2人群健康狀況 衛(wèi)生政策 社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況 衛(wèi)生保健 衛(wèi)生資源 衛(wèi)生行為 3人口狀況 生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育 營(yíng)養(yǎng)水平 疾病發(fā)生與發(fā)展 死亡與平均壽命 4嬰兒健康 母親的健康狀況 保健水平 5需要量 利用率 衛(wèi)生資源 6日常健康行為 保健行為 預(yù)防性行為 改變危險(xiǎn)健康的行為 7個(gè)體保存 行為 種族保存行為 8系統(tǒng)脫敏療法 沖擊療法 厭惡療法 陽(yáng)性強(qiáng)化法 消極練習(xí)法 自我控制法 模仿法（寫(xiě)出四個(gè)即可 第 15題的答案為 BDAAD第 610題的答案為 DEEDE第 1115題的答案為 CBCEE第 1620 題的答案為AACED 第 2125題的答案為 EEDBD第 2630 題的答案為 DEDCE第 3135 題的答案為 BEDAE第 3640題的答案為 ABBEB