【正文】 到 8 樓轎廂停止呼叫請(qǐng)求信號(hào)。廳門(mén)呼叫請(qǐng)求 取消 的 梯形圖 如 圖 4 所示 。當(dāng)電梯被驅(qū)動(dòng)器操控時(shí)，廳門(mén)呼叫不會(huì)被響應(yīng)并且電梯不會(huì)在乘客想要下的樓層停下來(lái)。 的輔助繼電器表示電梯驅(qū)動(dòng)器的操作信號(hào)。如圖 3 所示， — ， 和 是 PLC 中的輔助繼電器。自鎖通常被用于保證呼叫的連續(xù)顯示。這被稱(chēng)為轎廂呼叫寄存。 典型模塊設(shè)計(jì)的描述如下： 廳門(mén)呼叫寄存和顯示 在電梯中有兩種不同的呼叫請(qǐng)求：廳門(mén)呼叫和轎廂呼叫。模塊中的信息傳輸是通過(guò) PLC 的中間繼電器位實(shí)現(xiàn)的。在表 1 和表 2中顯示了輸入 /輸出端口。在這里我們用西門(mén)子 PLC S7200 CPU226 的集中選擇控制方法和其擴(kuò)展模塊。電梯的正常運(yùn)行是由其電力驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)和邏輯控制系統(tǒng)的合作來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的。同時(shí)，為了均衡停車(chē)次數(shù)，兩電梯將按一定的調(diào)度規(guī)則運(yùn)作。 當(dāng)電梯到達(dá)一定的高度時(shí)，它將檢測(cè)是否有停止請(qǐng)求。 （ 2） 兩個(gè)電梯并列運(yùn)行 在這種情形下，有兩個(gè)電梯同時(shí)為這棟大樓服務(wù)。 電梯不能改變方向，除非它已經(jīng)送達(dá)在當(dāng)前這個(gè)方向上的所有乘客，并且廳門(mén)的呼叫不能被正在向相反方向行駛的轎廂響應(yīng)。如果乘客想要在那一層下，電梯就不能通過(guò)那一層。當(dāng)電梯訪(fǎng)問(wèn)樓層，然后按期望的方向移動(dòng)，點(diǎn)亮的按鈕取消。 除了第一層和頂層以外，每一層在樓層控制盤(pán)上都有兩個(gè)按鈕，一個(gè)用于請(qǐng)求電梯上行，一個(gè)用于請(qǐng)求電梯下行。當(dāng)這些按鈕被按下時(shí)，他們是亮的，使電梯訪(fǎng)問(wèn)相應(yīng)樓層。在正常操作模式下，控制系統(tǒng)的基本任務(wù)是命令每個(gè)電梯向上或向下 移動(dòng)，停止或啟動(dòng)，打開(kāi)或關(guān)閉廂門(mén)。其次是防火保護(hù)模式，當(dāng)火開(kāi)關(guān)動(dòng)作時(shí)，電梯必須立即返回底層或基站。維護(hù)模式具有最高優(yōu)先權(quán)。簡(jiǎn)略的來(lái)講，電梯的行為被定義如下。 每層都有一個(gè)七段 LED 燈顯示當(dāng)前電梯轎廂的位置。電梯轎廂的上升和下降運(yùn)動(dòng)由牽引電機(jī)控 制。在轎廂門(mén)上有兩個(gè)傳感器，這兩個(gè)傳感器能通知控制系統(tǒng)門(mén)的位置。我們可以用這些傳感器定位電梯轎廂的當(dāng)前位置。 1nput Output 圖 1 PLC 信號(hào)控制系統(tǒng)圖 需求 控制系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展目標(biāo)是在一個(gè)九層的住宅大樓中控制兩個(gè)電梯。所有的電梯系統(tǒng)的控制功能都是由 PLC 程序來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的，如寄存，顯示和解除廳門(mén)呼叫或轎廂呼叫，電梯轎廂位置的判斷，選擇層和電梯方向的選擇等。 信號(hào)控制系統(tǒng) 電梯的控制信號(hào)主要有 PLC 來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。牽引電機(jī)的電路被保留。該系統(tǒng)主要由兩部分組成： 電力驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng) 電力驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)包括：電梯轎廂，牽引電機(jī)，門(mén)廳電機(jī)，制動(dòng)裝置和相關(guān)的 開(kāi)關(guān)電路。 這篇文章將介紹系統(tǒng)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)，控制原理和詳細(xì)的 PLC 控制系統(tǒng)的實(shí)現(xiàn)方法。因此，受企業(yè)委托，我們把住宅樓中用繼電器控制的電氣控制系統(tǒng)改善用 PLC 來(lái)控制。 傳統(tǒng)的電梯電氣控制系統(tǒng)是繼電器控制系統(tǒng)。因此，電梯控制系統(tǒng)對(duì)于每一個(gè)電梯能夠順利，安全操作是至關(guān)重要的。 隨著建筑技術(shù)的發(fā)展，建筑物是越來(lái)越高，電梯成為了在高層建筑中重要的垂直運(yùn)輸車(chē)輛。他還給出了這個(gè)系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵方面 —— 梯形圖。這個(gè)控制系統(tǒng)采用 PLC 作為控制器，并用一個(gè)基于“最小等待時(shí)間”的并行連接調(diào)度規(guī)則，在并行模式下來(lái)運(yùn)行兩 個(gè)電梯。 and Oddeven rule, which an elevator only serves the odd floor and the other only serves the even floor. The Nearestneighbor Algorithm minimizes the length of the elevator?s empty move to the next request. it usually has very small average waiting times, but individual waiting times can bee quite large[2]. The Zoning Algorithm usually used in buildings which has heavy traffic situations, such as the office building at lunch time. Compared to the office building and shopping mall, the traffic flow of residential buildings is relatively low and even in every floor. Secondly, people usually think of elevators as purely functional objects and the experience of riding an elevator is time waited for most of them. Furthermore, there exist immense problems when attempting to satisfy all requirements. Considering all of the reasons above, we adopted the “minimum waiting time” algorithm to realize the 2 elevators? parallel running[4]. 5. Conclusions In this paper, we have improved an old elevator control system by using PLC, and realized the group control of 2 elevators. The new control system has been operated for 1 year, and its operation scenarios are as follows: (1) Down–Peak This traffic condition concerns people out of the building in the morning between 7am to 9am. (2) Up–Peak This condition concerns people entering the building between 5pm to 7pm. (3) Other It covers the day from 6:00 to 0:00 except the two situations above. And in this situation, there is only one elevator running. The results are expressed via an average waiting time and maximum waiting time(both given in seconds) are collected in Tables 3 and 4. Due to the nonparallel running before the reform, so the average waiting time and maximum waiting time of down–peak and the up–peak are very longer than the reformed. The practice results have showed the better performance of the improved control system. References [1] Ricardo Gudwin, Fernando Gomide, Marcio (i998). “A Fuzzy Elevator Group Controller With Linear Context Adaptation”. IEEE World Congress on Computational intelligence . Vol. 12, No. 5, . [2] Philipp Friese, J Rambau (2021). “Onlineoptimization of multielevator transport systems with reoptimization algorithms based on setpartitioning models”. Discrete Applied Mathematics .No. 154, . [3] Zheng Yanjun, Zhang Huiqiao, Ye Qingtai, Zhu Changming. (2021). “The Research on Elevator Dynamic Zoning Algorithm and it39。 to serve as many passengers as possible in a given time[i]. . There are many dispatching algorithms for elevator?s group control. Such as Nearestneighbor Algorithm[2],which the elevator always serve the closet request next。 to minimize the time spent by passengers waiting for service。 and greatly affects the elevator?s running quality. Therefore, entrusted by an enterprise, we have improved electrical control system of a relaycontrolled elevator in a residential building by using PLC. The result showed that the reformed system is reliable in operation and easy for maintenance. This paper introduces the basic structure, control principle and realization method of the elevator PLC control system in detail. 2. System structure The purpose of the elevator control system is to manage movement of an elevator in response to user?s requests. it is mainly posed of 2 parts: . Electric power driving system The electric power driving system includes: the elevator car, the traction motor, door motor, brake mechanism and relevant switch circuits. Here we adopted a new type of LC series AC contactors to replace the old ones, and used PLC?s contacts to substitute the plenty of intermediate relays. The circuits of traction motor are reserved. Thus the original control cabi?s disadvantages, such as big volume and high noise are overe efficiently. . Signal control system The elevator?s control signals are mostly realized by PLC. The input signals are: operation modes, operation control signals, carcalls, hallcalls, safety/protect signals, door open/close signal and leveling signal, etc. All control functions of the elevator system are realized by PLC program, such as registration, display and elimination of hallcalls or carcalls, position judgment of elevator car, choose layer and direction selection of the elevator, etc. The PLC signal control system diagram of elevator is showed in Figure 1. . Requirements The goal of the development of the control s