【正文】 堅(jiān)持公共教育資源向農(nóng)村地區(qū)、邊遠(yuǎn)貧困地區(qū)和民族地區(qū)傾斜，實(shí)施國家貧困地區(qū)義務(wù)教育工程、西部地區(qū)農(nóng)村寄宿制學(xué)校建設(shè)工程、農(nóng)村中小學(xué)現(xiàn)代遠(yuǎn)程教育工程、中西部農(nóng)村初中改造工程、中西部地區(qū)特殊教育建設(shè)規(guī)劃等扶持計(jì)劃，努力縮小城鄉(xiāng)和區(qū)域差距，保障困難群體接受教育。Promoting equity in educationFree nineyear pulsory education is now available to all children, urban or rural, throughout the country. Since 2006 the Chinese government has reformed and adjusted the mechanism for ensuring funding for rural pulsory education。s quality and put in place a project to train such people for the new countryside, and worked hard to improve the scientific and technical attainments, vocational skills and business capabilities of such people. It has also trained teachers, doctors and agricultural technicians to meet the urgent needs of rural development, and encouraged and guided personnel with different qualifications to work in the countryside.促進(jìn)教育公平全面實(shí)現(xiàn)城鄉(xiāng)免費(fèi)義務(wù)教育。國家大力培養(yǎng)農(nóng)村實(shí)用人才隊(duì)伍，實(shí)施農(nóng)村實(shí)用人才素質(zhì)提升計(jì)劃和新農(nóng)村實(shí)用人才培訓(xùn)工程，全面提高農(nóng)村實(shí)用人才的科技素質(zhì)、職業(yè)技能和經(jīng)營能力，大力培養(yǎng)教師、醫(yī)生、農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)人員等農(nóng)村發(fā)展急需人才，鼓勵(lì)和引導(dǎo)各類人才向農(nóng)村流動(dòng)。D Program, National Natural Science Foundation and other national programs and foundations. It has also built the National Engineering Research Center and the National Engineering Laboratory, implemented the Skills Training Plan of the HundredThousandTen Thousand Project, Changjiang Scholars Program and some other major human resourcesrelated programs. In addition, it has invested more in science and technology and implemented the Project on Upgrading the Knowledge of Technical Professionals. As a result, it has trained a large number of scientific and technical professionals with high qualifications, and attracted highcaliber personnel from overseas. In 2008 the fulltime Ramp。To meet the need of establishing an innovative nation, the Chinese government has launched the National Hightech Ramp。2008年，全國研究與發(fā)展（Ramp。s modernization. China has always paid great attention to human resources development. In the new century, China has made a major decision to rejuvenate the nation through human resources development, aiming to train thousands of millions of highquality workers, hundreds of millions of professionals and a large group of topnotch innovative personnel, and set up a largescale and rationally structured contingent of highcaliber personnel. In 2001 the Chinese government incorporated this strategy into the FiveYear Plan for National Economic and Social Development. Since 2006 it has intensified efforts in the sphere of toplevel design and systematic planning of human resources development. It formulated the Outline of the National Plan for Medium and Longterm Scientific and Technological Development (20062020), Outline of the National Plan for Medium and Longterm Human Resources Development (20102020) and Outline of the National Plan for Medium and Longterm Educational Reform and Development (20102020), focusing on a strategy of prioritizing human resources development in the course of economic and social development. The plans formed the country39。2006年以來，加強(qiáng)對(duì)人才資源開發(fā)的頂層設(shè)計(jì)和系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃，先后制定《國家中長期科學(xué)和技術(shù)發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要（2006—2020年）》、《國家中長期人才發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要（2010—2020年）》和《國家中長期教育改革和發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要（2010—2020年）》等三個(gè)國家中長期發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要，確立在經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展中人才優(yōu)先發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略布局，統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)、區(qū)域、產(chǎn)業(yè)、行業(yè)和不同所有制人才資源開發(fā)，促進(jìn)人人平等享受人才政策和平等參與人才開發(fā)，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)各類人才隊(duì)伍協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。中國歷來重視人才工作，進(jìn)入新世紀(jì)作出實(shí)施人才強(qiáng)國戰(zhàn)略的重大決策，努力造就數(shù)以億計(jì)的高素質(zhì)勞動(dòng)者、數(shù)以千萬計(jì)的專門人才和一大批拔尖創(chuàng)新人才，建設(shè)規(guī)模宏大、結(jié)構(gòu)合理、素質(zhì)較高的人才隊(duì)伍。 over five million laidoff workers found new jobs。 and it adopted relevant tax reduction or exemption policies, encouraging enterprises to maintain or increase their levels of employment. Moreover, the government carried out a special vocational training program, and launched a series of employment service activities, striving to create more jobs through multiple channels. Focusing on college graduates, it encouraged them to find jobs at the primary level, in mediumsized and small, and nonpublic enterprises. In 2009 a total of 11 million urban jobs were created。2009年全年城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)超過1100萬人，%，下崗失業(yè)人員再就業(yè)超過500萬人，困難群體再就業(yè)超過150萬人。實(shí)施特別職業(yè)培訓(xùn)計(jì)劃，開展就業(yè)服務(wù)系列活動(dòng)，多渠道開辟就業(yè)崗位。Implementing an active employment policyLong facing the difficulty that supply of labor outstrips demand, China always has the arduous task to secure stable employment and create more jobs. The Chinese government always makes employment promotion the top priority for economic and social development. To fully develop and make effective use of human resources, it implements a strategy that promotes job creation and a policy that actively increases employment, and strives to help urban and rural workers enhance their overall qualities, gradually expanding employment. The government is shouldering more responsibilities in promoting employment, and government investment has been increased to provide equal employment opportunities for all. By intensifying its efforts in offering employment assistance such as occupational skill training courses, the government helps zeroemployment families and people who have difficulty finding employment land jobs. A unified labor market has been set up to provide equal opportunities and services for both urban and rural workers. Relying on policy support and market orientation, the government has solved the reemployment problem for over 30 million workers laid off by stateowned enterprises, and incorporated subsistence allowances of laidoff workers into their unemployment insurance. From 2005 to 2009, over 50 million new jobs were provided in urban areas, and nearly 45 million surplus rural workers were transferred to nonagricultural sectors. At the end of 2009 the number of registered unemployed persons in urban areas was million, with an unemployment rate of %.2008年國際金融危機(jī)爆發(fā)后，為應(yīng)對(duì)國際金融危機(jī)的沖擊，中國政府實(shí)施更加積極的就業(yè)政策。2005年至2009年，全國城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)5000多萬人，農(nóng)業(yè)富余勞動(dòng)力向非農(nóng)產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移就業(yè)近4500萬人。建設(shè)城鄉(xiāng)統(tǒng)一的人力資源市場(chǎng)，為城鄉(xiāng)勞動(dòng)者提供平等的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)和服務(wù)。不斷強(qiáng)化各級(jí)政府在促進(jìn)就業(yè)方面的責(zé)任，持續(xù)加大公共投入，促進(jìn)平等就業(yè)。III. The Government Shoulders Human Resources Public Management and Public Service ResponsibilityIn recent years the Chinese government has played an active role in public management of and public service for human resources, accelerated the transformation of its functions,