【正文】 s white collar classes go to。Over its long history, Buddhism has left an indelible impact on Chinese civilization. Many words and phrases have root in a Buddhist origin. Take a colloquial phrase as an example, 39。正如今天的白領(lǐng)階層去酒吧，唐朝學(xué)者去餐廳喝酒，調(diào)情。佛教和禪宗文學(xué)的痕跡是顯而易見的。這在一定意義上揭示了中國對(duì)信仰的功利性態(tài)度。許多單詞和短語，起源于佛教。There are many Tibetan Buddhist monasteries in China, which are worth visiting to experience authentic Tibetan Buddhist culture. Famous Tibetan Buddhist monasteries include: Drepung Monastery, Ganden Monastery, Labrang Monastery, Sakya Monastery, Sera Monastery, Ta39。. Temples of the Sakyapa sect are painted in red, white and black stripes, symbolizing Manjusri Bodhisattva, Avalokitesvara and Vajradhara, so it is called the “colorful sect”.有許多藏傳佛教寺院在中國，這是值得一游，體驗(yàn)地道的藏傳佛教文化。. In Tibetan, sakyapa means 39。 because monks belonging to this sect wear white robes and their temples are painted white. In 14th century, Tsong Khapa created Gelugpa sect. This sect encourages monks to live an austere and unselfish life. Monks of this sect wear yellow hats, so it is called 39。 because monks in this sect always wear red monk hats. The Kagyupa sect was created in the middle of 11th century, and it is famous for having the most branches in Tibetan Buddhism. It is called 39。 in Tibetan. Nyingmapa is the oldest sect in Tibetan Buddhism. It is also called 39。Nyingmapa means 39。在西藏，薩迦意思是“豐富多彩”。在14世紀(jì)，宗喀巴創(chuàng)建的格魯派鼓勵(lì)僧侶過著簡(jiǎn)樸的生活和無私的精神。噶舉派創(chuàng)造于11世紀(jì)中葉，它是藏傳佛教中有名的分支機(jī)構(gòu)。紅教39。寧瑪派是藏傳佛教中最古老的教派。Major Sects of Tibetan BuddhismPresent Tibetan Buddhism can be divided into four sects: Nyingmapa, Kagyupa, Gelugpa, and Sakyapa.寧瑪在藏語中思是39。, started in the middle of 7th century. At that time, King Songtsen Gampo married Nepalese Princess Chizun and Princess Wencheng from Chang39。Tibetan Buddhism, also called 39。藏傳佛教完全形成于10世紀(jì)末。受這兩個(gè)佛教的公主，他皈依佛教，建大昭寺和小昭寺寺（小趙硅）。開始于7世紀(jì)中葉。Generally, Buddhism is the single religion among Dai people and has a prehensive influence over their daily life and culture like sculpture, painting and folklores. Young boys must go to the temples and learn knowledge until they bee adults. Some remain in the temples and bee monks while others return to secular life. In a sense, monks assume the role of imparting ethnic culture 藏傳佛教Tibetan Buddhism藏傳佛教，也叫39。有些則是在寺廟做人，而從未還俗。In 1277 a written Dai language was created and the Pattra sutra appeared. In the Ming Dynasty a Burmese princess was married to a local ruler in Dai area and Burmese monks were sent to Yunnan. A large quantity of Buddhist temples were built in Jinghong . All these helped to popularize Southern Buddhism among the mon people. With its bination of religion and politics, Southern Buddhism, absorbing Tai culture, has flexible doctrines. Monks can eat meat and can secularize. Women do not bee nuns for to do so would break their ancestral line.一般來說，佛教是傣族人民之間的單一的宗教，并比他們的日常生活，像雕塑，繪畫，民間傳說文化的綜合影響還大。和尚可以吃肉，可以還俗。這些都有助于普及老百姓南傳佛教。在明代，緬甸公主被送往云南，嫁給了一個(gè)傣族地區(qū)統(tǒng)治者。南傳佛教僧人在11世紀(jì)的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)逃去。據(jù)記載，7世紀(jì)中葉，巴利語系佛教通過緬甸傳入云南，但只持續(xù)了四個(gè)世紀(jì)。這種傳統(tǒng)繼承了清代與漢傳佛教禪宗成為代名詞。4600座廟宇被拆除，500僧侶和尼姑被迫放棄他們的宗教。s disciples won debates with other sects and Zen was strengthened in China. Zen was introduced to Korea in the 8th Century and to Japan at the end of the 12th Century.佛教深入日常生活，并在建筑，雕塑，繪畫，音樂和文學(xué)產(chǎn)生重大影響。Hui Neng (638713), the sixth Patriarch of Zen Buddhism, should not be ignored. His famous verses, Originally there was no Bodhitree, nor stand of a bright mirror. The mirror was originally clean and pure。在公元730年，慧能的弟子贏了與其他教派的辯論。他著名的詩句，“菩提本無樹，明鏡亦非臺(tái)，本來無一物，何處惹塵埃。an (today39。玄奘是此時(shí)最知名的和尚，他的旅程是印度，為明代小說西游記（也被稱為孫悟空）模型。唐代皇帝自稱他們是老子—道教創(chuàng)始人的后代和參拜者，但在實(shí)踐中他們認(rèn)識(shí)到佛教的重要性。他們沒有達(dá)成一致，所以帶著問題的達(dá)摩來到少林寺。最重要的事件是時(shí)達(dá)摩來到中國。 that of the scholarbureaucrats. They brought together the established, popular metaphysics and Buddhist doctrines. In the north of China there were quite a few reputed monks while in the south many scholarbureaucrats were well versed in Buddhism. The royal families were passionate toward Buddhism and granted monks and nuns considerable privileges. The number of temples mushroomed to 1768 and with them as many as 24,000 monks and nuns. Monks were to bee a new class in China and Buddhism took a firm hold on the country.在南北朝，佛教繼續(xù)蓬勃發(fā)展。The Jin Dynasty witnessed the popularization among ordinary people. In 401 Kumarajiva was invited to Chang39。王室家庭授予佛教僧侶和尼姑相當(dāng)大的權(quán)限。他們匯集了既定的，流行的形而上學(xué)和佛教教義。很顯然，這是佛教在中國的傳播史上的重大事件。an and Luoyang as the center, spread to Pengcheng (Xuzhou) and other places. Buddhism, Taoism was thought that the same technique as a fairy party, it will be the Yellow Emperor Huan, I worship the Buddha with chanting faire dissatisfied, still the kernel Buddha Temple, the Salmonella deemed alchemist. Buddhism in royalty and nobility are respected. Buddhism during the Han Dynasty was regarded as having its basis in magic in much the same way as Taoism and it first took root among members of the royal family and aristocracy. 晉朝時(shí)期，佛教在平民中廣受歡迎。佛教在皇室成員和貴族中受到尊崇。傳播的地區(qū)以長(zhǎng)安、洛陽為中心，波及彭城（徐州）等地。因當(dāng)時(shí)西域發(fā)生戰(zhàn)亂，交通斷絕，至永平十六年才開放。歷來均以永平年間（公元58～75）遣使西域取回《四十二章經(jīng)》為佛法傳入中國之始。東漢明帝于永平八年（65）賜楚王英詔言其“尚浮屠之仁祠，潔齋三月，與神為誓”，可見當(dāng)時(shí)已有佛教傳入。漢武帝還開辟了海上航道與印度東海岸的黃支等地建立聯(lián)系。s Han, the academic munity have been inconclusive. Ancient Chinese historical records, there are antiQin Li when Salmonella Room 18 people to China and other records. According to the law of good, see adjacent Posha account, in the era of Asoka, Buddhism after the third assembled, had sent up to Dade Maha Yu Le abandon that world (the original note: Han)。以上這些布教活動(dòng)因無譯述遺跡傳世，無法證實(shí)。西藏多羅那他《印度佛教史》稱達(dá)摩阿育王時(shí)，高僧善見至大支那弘法。古代漢文史籍中，有秦始皇時(shí)沙門室利防等18人到中國的記載。Three different forms of this religion evolved as it reached the centers of population at varying times and by different routes. The social and ethnic background in each location also affected the way in which each of these forms developed and eventually they became known as Han, Tibetan and Southern Buddhism. 漢傳佛教Han Buddhism 傳入中國漢族地區(qū)的佛教，經(jīng)過長(zhǎng)期的經(jīng)典傳譯、講習(xí)、融化，與中國傳統(tǒng)文化結(jié)合，從而形成具有民族特點(diǎn)的各種學(xué)派和宗派；并外傳朝鮮、日本和越南。s emperors believed in Taoism, they showed a protective and to