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佛教中英文翻譯詞匯(留存版)

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【正文】 he bright mirror any frame. Buddhanature is forever clear and pure. Where is there any dust? These lines have bee the first thing to pop into the mind when people think of Zen. In 730 Hui Neng39。婦女不出家。an (currently Xian). Influenced by these two Buddhist princesses, he coverted to Buddhism and built Jokhang Temple and Ramoche Monastery (Xiao Zhao Si). In the middle of 8th century, Buddhism was introduced to Tibet via India. Tibetan Buddhism was totally formed in the late 10th century. After centuries of development in Tibet, a unique bination of religion and politics with Tibetan Buddhism evolved.Buddha Unfolding Festival, Drepung Monastery目前,藏傳佛教可分為四個(gè)教派:寧瑪派,噶舉派,格魯派,薩迦。Red sect39。不少像唐時(shí)期著名詩人白居易的居士,但這并不妨礙他們一定程度上的自我放縱。就以一口語短語,” 臨時(shí)抱佛腳”的意思是”最后一分鐘作出的努力”。薩迦教派的寺院都被漆成紅色,白色和黑色的條紋,象征著文殊菩薩,觀音和金剛,因此它被稱為“豐富多彩的節(jié)”。進(jìn)化后在西藏,藏傳佛教與政治獨(dú)特結(jié)合。大量的佛教寺廟建于景洪?!边@句話被翻譯為:“完美的智慧之樹本來沒有樹,也沒有光明的一面鏡子,任何信佛者永遠(yuǎn)是清凈的,哪里沾染灰塵?”這些已成為流行的詩句,幫人們進(jìn)入心靈的禪想。到1768年寺廟如雨后春筍般出現(xiàn),并增加許多僧尼。經(jīng)典的傳入,據(jù)傳始于漢元壽元年(公元前2年)大月氏王使伊存口授博士弟子景盧以浮屠經(jīng)(佛典),但究為何經(jīng),已失傳無聞。Buddhism is the most important religion in China. It is generally believed that it was spread to China in 67 AD during the Han Dynasty (206 BC220) from Hotan in Xinjiang to Central China. During its development in China, it has a profound influence on traditional Chinese culture and thoughts, and has bee one of the most important religions in China at that time. In general, the development of Buddhism in China can be divided into the following periods. The first period is Buddhism in Han Dynasty when it was just introduced into China. During this period of time, many Buddhist scriptures were translated and explained. The White Horse Temple was built during this period of time and it signifies the first time of Buddhism doctrines delivered in second period is in Jin (265420), Northern and Southern Dynasties (386589) when more Buddhist scriptures were translated and Buddhist writings came out. From the beginning of Northern and Southern Dynasties, Chinese Buddhism has entered its prosperous time. The third period is the Sui (581618) and Tang (618907) Dynasties when Buddhism weled its heyday and got unprecedented development. The emperors of the Sui Dynasty believed in Buddhism, and though Tang39。 from the cessation of A, B ceases. 明緣起,即明佛法 One who discerns dependent origination discerns the Dhamma 一切眾生,皆有佛性,有佛性者,皆得成佛 悉達(dá) Siddha(藏文grub thab):有成就的佛教修行者,即成就者。頗哇 Phowa(藏文):一種高深的密續(xù)法門,是關(guān)于在死亡時(shí)將意識(shí)投射到善道的法門。 僧、僧伽 Sangha (藏文 gendun):法道上的伴侶。 大手印 Mahamudra (藏文Cha ja chen po):字義為「大印鑒」或「大符號(hào)」。餓鬼 Hungry Ghosts (梵文preta,藏文yidak):永遠(yuǎn)在饑、渴之中的眾生,生于輪回六道中的餓鬼道。 相信事物超乎存在及不存在 四加行 Four Foundations Orpreliminary Practices (藏文Ngon dro):在金剛乘中,行者通常由四加行契入法道。 勇父 Daka (藏文ba wo):相對于空行母之男性,已經(jīng)全然開悟而且證量很高的瑜伽士。 法道 Buddhist Path (藏文lam):得到正覺或證悟的過程,亦指修行的三種邏輯次第;根、道、果中的道。 圓覺或無上覺 supreme or paramount enlingtenment 我空 Emptiness 緣起 dependent origination 八正道 the Noble Eightfold Path 十二因緣 the twelvelinked causal formulaAmitaba Buddha三世佛Incense burner 上香To offer incense to Buddha 因果Cause and effect成道/成佛To obtain the Buddhahood 覺悟 To get enlightenment三皈 go to the Buddha for refuge, go to the Jiuhua Mountain is the holy place of Ksitigarbha Buddhisattva普陀山 佛性 Buddha Nature (梵文tathagatagarbha,藏文deshin shekpe nying po),又稱為「如來藏」:是一切眾生皆具有之原始本性。 法界 dharmadhatu(藏文Cho yings):一切現(xiàn)象所升起之片遍在界,無始亦無終。 四不共加行 Four Extraordinary Founndations Orpreliminary Practices:四不共加行包括十一萬一千一百一十一遍的皈依大禮拜、清凈業(yè)障金剛薩心咒、獻(xiàn)曼達(dá)及上師相應(yīng)法之祈請文 四種極端或四偏 Four Extremes (梵文CatuSkoti,藏文mu bzhi):相信一切事物的存在性 , 即常見 。 岡波巴大師 Gampopa (l0791153 A.D):藏傳佛教噶舉派的主要傳承持有者。 煩惱障可分為三毒:貪(貪戀、貪欲、貪執(zhí))、瞋(瞋恨、瞋恚、瞋怒)、癡(愚癡、迷惑、嫌惡); 亦可分為五毒:貪、瞋、癡、慢(傲慢)、嫉(嫉妒)。 相對菩提心 Relative Bodhi Citta 修持六度(布施、持戒、忍辱、精進(jìn)、禪定及智慧波羅蜜)、萬行,并救度一切眾生脫離輪回苦海的愿心。 蓮花生大士 Padmasambhva (藏文Guru Rinpoche):于第九世紀(jì)應(yīng)邀至西藏,降服邢穢及魔障,并建立寧瑪派傳承,為藏傳佛教之祖師。僧眾可能是法道上的一切修行者,或是已開悟的出家眾。 佛陀所制定的戒律;論藏,佛弟子所造的論述,主體是現(xiàn)象的分析,是法教的闡釋或論述傳統(tǒng)。然而,在封建社會(huì)末期,由于社會(huì)動(dòng)蕩,中國佛教發(fā)展得佷緩慢。漢武帝還開辟了海上航道與印度東海岸的黃支等地建立聯(lián)系。他們匯集了既定的,流行的形而上學(xué)和佛教教義。an (today39。南傳佛教僧人在11世紀(jì)的戰(zhàn)爭逃去。受這兩個(gè)佛教的公主,他皈依佛教,建大昭寺和小昭寺寺(小趙硅)。在14世紀(jì),宗喀巴創(chuàng)建的格魯派鼓勵(lì)僧侶過著簡樸的生活和無私的精神。There are many Tibetan Buddhist monasteries in China, which are worth visiting to experience authentic Tibetan Buddhist culture. Famous Tibetan Buddhist monasteries include: Drepung Monastery, Ganden Monastery, Labrang Monastery, Sakya Monastery, Sera Monastery, Ta39。Over its long history, Buddhism has left an indelible impact on Chinese civilization. Many words and phrases have root in a Buddhist origin. Take a colloquial phrase as an example, 39。 because monks belonging to this sect wear white robes and their temples are painted white. In 14th century, Tsong Khapa created Gelugpa sect. This sect encourages monks to live an austere and unselfish life. Monks of this sect wear yellow hats, so it is called 39。寧瑪派是藏傳佛教中最古老的教派。有些則是在寺廟做人,而從未還俗。4600座廟宇被拆除,500僧侶和尼姑被迫放棄他們的宗教。他們沒有達(dá)成一致,所以帶著問題的達(dá)摩來到少林寺。佛教在皇室成員和貴族中受到尊崇。西藏多羅那他《印度佛教史》稱達(dá)摩阿育王時(shí),高僧善見至大支那弘法。第一時(shí)期是漢朝,佛教剛傳到中國。 氣脈 Subtle Channels(藏文tsa):氣脈指的是有氣的能量或「風(fēng)」,《梵文「波若那」(Prana),藏文即「?。↙ung)」》,循環(huán)于其中的微細(xì)管道,而不是解剖學(xué)上的脈。 止 Samatha or tranquility meditation(藏文Shi nye):基本的禪修方法。 赤松德贊 Thrisong Deutsen (790~.):西藏國王,邀請偉大的印度圣者及瑜伽士至西藏,并建立了西藏的第一座佛教寺廟「桑耶林」(Samye Ling)。 中觀 Middle Way(藏文u ma),或Madhyamaka school:龍樹(Nagauna)所建立的一個(gè)哲學(xué)派別,以闡述空性的《般若波羅蜜多心經(jīng)》為基礎(chǔ)。 噶舉派(藏文kagyu):西藏佛教的四大派之一,由馬爾巴大譯師所創(chuàng)始,以大寶法王 (噶瑪巴)為至高的導(dǎo)師。如三年關(guān)前的三個(gè)月作此觀想,或者修大手印前四年空觀禪修的第一年作此觀修。 空性 Emptiness (梵文sunyata 藏文tongpanyi):佛陀在二轉(zhuǎn)法輪時(shí)開示道:外在現(xiàn)象及內(nèi)在現(xiàn)象或「我」的觀念,皆沒有真實(shí)的存在性,因此是「空性的」。她可能是已經(jīng)得到此種成就的人,也可能是一位禪修本尊證悟心的非人道化身。觀音菩薩的心咒是「嗡嘛呢貝美吽」,六字大明咒或六字明咒。Buddhist College 僧伽Sangha 僧、尼(比丘、比丘尼) monk、nun (Bhiksu, Bhiksuni)方丈/主持 Abbot 首座Chief monk 監(jiān)院/當(dāng)家 Monastic Manger侍者 Assistant 中國佛教協(xié)會(huì) The Hall of Universal Understanding 祖師殿佛教中英文口譯必備佛教 (Buddhism) A Amitabha 阿彌陀佛 Anterior Tibet 前藏 一個(gè)大活佛,其廟叫祖卜寺(Tsurpu)Attisha 阿底峽 Avalokiteshvara 觀音B Bhodisattva 菩薩 Bon (Black) 本教 (黑) Budda 佛 Dorje (多杰/藏文)C Chapel 佛堂 Circumanbulate 轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)道 (v.) Circumanbulation 轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)道Circumanbulator 轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)道
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