【正文】 80s, downshifting in the mid39。 80sand is still linked to the politics of thrift, in Britain, at least among the middleclass down shifters of my acquaintance, we have different reasons for seeking to simplify our lives. [參考譯文] 在美國，這一返樸趨勢是以經(jīng)濟衰落的反應為開始的那是在80年 代末期裁員而引起大量的失業(yè)之后一一現(xiàn)在依然與提倡節(jié)儉的政綱相： 關；而在英國，最起碼在我所熟識的中產(chǎn)階級返樸歸隱者中，追求簡約； 生活的原因就多種多樣了。 86. I have discovered, as perhaps Kelsey will after her muchpublicized resignation from the editorship of She after a buildup of stress, that abandoning the doctrine of juggling your life, and making the alternative move into downshifting brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status. [參考譯文] 或許正像凱爾西在不堪積勞重負而公開地辭去她在《她》雜志社的編輯 一職之后一樣，我已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)，放棄那種為生活忙碌的人生信條并轉 而追求比較悠閑的生活帶給你的回報遠遠大于經(jīng)濟成功和社會地位。 demands. [參考譯文] 我認為巨大的并購浪潮背后的最重要的推動力同時也就是促成全球化進程的那方基石：即降低交通運輸成本，逐漸減少貿(mào)易投資壁壘，以及大幅度拓展市場，這些都要求更大規(guī)模的經(jīng)營管理以滿足消費者需求。 84. I believe that the most important forces behind the massive Mamp。 82. A rather similar process of differentiation has led to professional geologists ing together nationally within one or two specific societies, whereas the amateurs have tended either to remain in local societies or to e together nationally in a different way. [參考譯文] 一個頗為相似的分化過程已經(jīng)導致專業(yè)的地質(zhì)學家走到一起組成一到兩個全國性的專科學術社團，而業(yè)余地質(zhì)愛好者們傾向于要么仍留在地方社團，要么也以另一種方式組成全國性機構。 80. A parison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper. [參考譯文] 將過去一個半世紀英國地質(zhì)學領域的出版物做一下比較，(我們)就會發(fā)現(xiàn)不僅對科研的主導地位的強調(diào)不斷攀升，而且一篇可接受的科研論文所包含的內(nèi)容的定義也有所變化。然而，業(yè)余一詞的確意味著相關人員不能充分融入職業(yè)科學界，尤其未能分享科學圈子的價值。 the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools. [參考譯文] 相反，我們被款待看到這樣一些虛偽的壯觀景象，他們似乎比以前的任何時候都更供應充足：美國式物質(zhì)主義的批判者卻擁有位于南安普頓的避暑山莊：激進書籍的出版商卻在三星級餐廳享用一日三餐；倡導在人生各個階段的參與民主制的記者，他的子女卻就讀于私立學校。 77. Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home。 76. Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. Summer homes, European travel, BMWsthe locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago. [參考譯文] 當然，人們現(xiàn)在對成功及其各種標志的興趣似乎并不亞于先前。 75. If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality, it must be widely shared。 74. With economic growth has e centralization: fully 76 percent of Japan39。s rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs. [參考譯文] 戰(zhàn)后嬰兒潮一代的步入成年以及女性打入男性主導的勞動力市場使得青少年的發(fā)展機會變得極為有限，他們已經(jīng)在不停地質(zhì)疑為了爬上日本國內(nèi)那通往優(yōu)秀學校和體面工作的嚴酷的社會階梯而做出的巨大的個人 犧牲。 71. But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the riverand then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers, Pluff! Pluff! A hundred and eightyfive kilograms. [參考譯文] 但當我們先是從注釋中得知某詩行講述了一個土耳其軍官和一個保 加利亞軍官在橋上動手打架并雙雙掉進河里，而后卻發(fā)現(xiàn)該行詩中不過只充斥著撲通，撲通，185公斤重這類對他們落水時的動靜以及對軍官們體重的描寫時，我們不免感到困惑不安。 69. When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to e they may be regarded as normal. [參考譯文] 當藝術領域的一個新運動發(fā)展成某種流行時尚時，最好應該弄清這場運動倡導者的真正意圖，因為，不管他們的原則在今天看來多么牽強無理，很可能多年以后他們的理論會被視為正常。 67. Nor, if regularity and conformity to a standard pattern are as desirable to the scientist as the writing of his papers would appear to reflect, is management to be blamed for discriminating against the odd balls among researchers in favor of more conventional thinkers who work well with the team. [參考譯文] 如果科學家對標準式樣的整齊劃一的要求就像他論文的寫作所反映的一 樣，那么管理層就不該因歧視研究者中的思維與眾不同的人，喜歡其 中較為傳統(tǒng)的善于團隊合作的思想者而受到指責了。 65. If experiments are planned and carried out according to plan as faithfully as the reports in the science journals indicate, then it is perfectly logical for management to expect research to produce results measurable in dollars and cents. [參考譯文] 如果試驗是像科學雜志上的報告所示的那樣如實地根據(jù)計劃規(guī)劃和實施的話，那么對管理層來說，期待研究能夠產(chǎn)生可以用金錢衡量的結果是完全合理的。 64. Because current federal law already forbids the use of federal funds to create embryos (the earliest stage of human offspring before birth) for research or to knowingly endanger an embryo39。夏皮羅為首的獨立的專家組在90 天內(nèi)向白宮匯報關于制定有關克隆人的國家政策的建議。因為在 其他因素相同的情況下，技能的嫻熟是得到工作與否的關鍵。 59. Rather, we have a certain conception of the American citizen, a character who is inplete if he cannot petently access how his livelihood and happiness are affected by things outside of himself. [參考譯文] 我們更應該具有的是作為美國公民的某種觀念，這個公民人物如果不能 很恰當?shù)卣J識到自己的生存和幸福是如何受到自身之外的事物的影響， 那么其公民特征就是不完整的。 58. An invisible border divides those arguing for puters in the classroom on the behalf of students39。 56. In the past year, however, software panies have developed tools that allow panies to push information directly out to consumers, transmitting marketing messages directly to targeted customers. [參考譯文] 但是，在過去的一年間，軟件公司已經(jīng)開發(fā)出工具，使得公司可以直接 將信息推出給顧客，直接把營銷訊息傳遞給目標顧客。t clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured. [參考譯文] 盡管警告常常是適當而且必須的比如對于藥物相互作用的危險提出 警告許多警告還是按州或聯(lián)邦政府規(guī)定要求給出的，然而(我們) 并不清楚，如果顧客受到傷害時，這些警告是不是確實可以使得生產(chǎn)者 和銷售者豁免責任。 53. As the dome grows, it develops seed fissures (cracks)。 52. The relative motion of the plates carrying these continents has been constructed in detail, but the motion of the plates with respect to another cannot readily be translated into motion with respect to the earth39。s surface。 51. Unlike most of the world39。s, to percentlittle more than two thirds the 196039。 50. As a result, California39。s head counting. [參考譯文] 這種發(fā)展以及其對美國政治、經(jīng)濟在未來幾年的潛在的強有力的影 響一一使得南部在全國人口普查中有史以來首次成為美國人口最密集 的地區(qū)。 48. This development