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thrich and coworkers in 1985 (Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2022). 研究生物大分子歷史上“第一”們 。 復(fù)旦大學(xué)生物化學(xué)系 黃偉達(dá) ? 蛋白質(zhì)與人工合成的高分子 聚合物 (高分子化學(xué)合成而 成 ) 的本質(zhì)性區(qū)別是什么 ? 思考題 思考題: 復(fù)旦大學(xué)生物化學(xué)系 黃偉達(dá) The first threedimensional structure of a biopolymer was the DNA model built by J. D. Watson and F. H. C. Crick in 1953 taking into account fiber diffraction data provided by M. H. F. Wilkins and others (Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1962). Here is a copy of the original paper submitted to Nature on April 2, 1953 and published on April 25, 1953. The first threedimensional protein structures (myoglobin and hemoglobin) were determined by M. F. Perutz and J. C. Kendrew (Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1962). The entries included in the PDB (PDB codes: 1mbn and 2dhb) represent refined structures. J. C. Kendrew had obtained a myoglobin structure at a resolution of 6 ? already in 1957. A. Klug has contributed substantially to the development of electron microscopy. This method is suitable for systems that cannot be crystallized (Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1982). A. Klug has applied this method primarily to virus structures (see for example, Finch, Klug, J. Mol. Biol. 1965, 13, 112). The structure of the first membranebound protein (a photosynthetic reaction centre。 正常prion 異常prion 蛋白質(zhì)立體結(jié)構(gòu)的特定和唯一的 復(fù)旦大學(xué)生物化學(xué)系 黃偉達(dá) Prion在病理組織中的纖維狀聚合體 纖維狀 prion 復(fù)旦大學(xué)生物化學(xué)系 黃偉達(dá) 蛋白質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)形成總則 復(fù)旦大學(xué)生物化學(xué)系 黃偉達(dá) 一、蛋白質(zhì)的形狀分球狀和纖維狀;穩(wěn)定的蛋白質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)傾向與擁有最多量的氫鍵; 二、球狀蛋白質(zhì)都有疏水核心,由疏水側(cè)鏈構(gòu)成,親水側(cè)鏈分布在蛋白質(zhì)的表面或酶活性中心( 油滴法則 ),蛋白質(zhì)的內(nèi)部不得有空隙;纖維狀蛋白也符合這一規(guī)律; 三、多聚體化是球狀蛋白質(zhì)的普遍現(xiàn)象,不正常聚合成纖維狀可導(dǎo)致疾?。? 四、穿膜區(qū)一定呈 α螺旋結(jié)構(gòu),側(cè)鏈外露。 蛋白質(zhì)立體結(jié)構(gòu)的特定和唯一的 復(fù)旦大學(xué)生物化學(xué)系 黃偉達(dá) 一條肽鏈對(duì)應(yīng)一個(gè)特定的空間結(jié)構(gòu) 這條法則的破壞是災(zāi)難性的。有些