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英語口譯(二級)講義-資料下載頁

2024-11-16 23:14本頁面
  

【正文】 en,general public,average/ordinary people4cause導(dǎo)致,引起lead to;result in;lead to;give rise to;trigger;contribute to sth 總部地址:工農(nóng)路111號華辰大廈A座604 郵編:226000 電話:85220400 網(wǎng)址:arouse,inspire,spur4e from源自于originate/stem/spring/derive from4choose/choice選擇Opt for/to do;alternative4fight against打擊,斗爭Counter,Battle against;Crack down on;clamp down(hard)on4suffer from遭受Endure,be plagued by,be subject to;be vulnerable to 50、face面對Confront;be confronted with;brave5Different不同,差異Distinct,separate;at odds with5same相同,相等,一致Identical,equivalent,be consistent with,tally with5criticize批評Lambast;slam sb for doing sth5strength加強,強化Intensify;cement5change改變,變化,改動Alter,vary;adjust5organization組織,單位Outfit5prevent/stop阻止,禁止forbid,prohibit,hinder,curb5begin/start開始,著手embark on;launch,initiate5finish/plete完成acplish,fulfill,achieve,plete 60、pletely/fully完全,十足,徹底Entirely,thoroughly,utterly,outright總部地址:工農(nóng)路111號華辰大廈A座604 郵編:226000 10電話:85220400 網(wǎng)址:第四篇:英語口譯二級精講班第4講課件講義英語口譯二級精講班第4講課件講義(環(huán)球職業(yè)教育在線)英語口譯二級精講班第4講講義篇章練習(xí)中譯英二、篇章練習(xí)中譯英世界旅游組織秘書長弗朗加利先生,聯(lián)合國常務(wù)副秘書長弗萊切特女士,各位代表,女士們,先生們:十月的北京,天高氣爽,秋色宜人。世界旅游組織第15屆全體大會今天在這里隆重開幕1。我代表中國政府,向各位來賓表示誠摯的歡迎!向大會表示熱烈的祝賀!//旅游是一項集觀光、娛樂、健身為一體的愉快而美好的活動2。旅游業(yè)隨著時代進步而不斷發(fā)展3。20世紀(jì)中葉以來,現(xiàn)代旅游在世界范圍迅速興起,旅游人數(shù)不斷增加,旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)規(guī)模持續(xù)擴大,旅游經(jīng)濟地位顯著提升,旅游活動愈益成為各國人民交流文化、增進友誼、擴大交往的重要渠道,對人類生活和社會進步產(chǎn)生越來越廣泛的影響4。//古往今來,旅游一直是人們增長知識、豐富閱歷、強健體魄的美好追求5。在古代,中國先哲們就提出了“觀國之光”的思想,倡導(dǎo)“讀萬卷書,行萬里路”,游歷名山大川,承天地之靈氣,接山水之精華6。新中國成立后特別是改革開放以來,中國政府高度重視旅游工作,旅游業(yè)持續(xù)快速發(fā)展,已經(jīng)成為一個富有蓬勃活力和巨大潛力的新興產(chǎn)業(yè)。//目前,中國入境旅游人數(shù)和旅游外匯收入躍居世界前列,出境旅游人數(shù)迅速增加,已經(jīng)成為旅游大國7。 Frangialli, SecretaryGeneral of the World TourismOrganization, Frechette, Deputy SecretaryGeneral of the UnitedNations,All Delegates, Ladies and Gentlemen,At this October time when Beijing is offering us its charming autumnscenery in a most fresh air and clear weather, the 15th GeneralAssembly Session of the World Tourism Organization is officiallyopened behalf of the Chinese government, I would like toextend our sincere wele to all the guests here and to express ourwarm congratulations on the convening of this session.//Tourism represents a kind of popular and pleasant activity thatbines sightseeing, recreation and outdoor exercise, and it hasbeen developing all along with the progress of the themiddle of the 20th century, modern tourism has been growing at afast pace around the number of tourists has ever been onthe rise, the scale of the tourism industry has been on constantexpansion, and the position of tourism in the economy has beenobviously serves gradually as an important bridge ofcultural exchange, friendship and further exchanges and exerts moreand more extensive influence on the human life and social progressamong various countries.//From ancient times till now, tourism has demonstrated the happy wishof the people for more knowledge, varied experience and good ancient times, ancient Chinese thinkers raised the idea of“appreciating the landscape through sightseeing”.Ancient Peoplealso proposed to “travel ten thousand li and read ten thousandbooks39。39。, which shows they found pleasure in enriching themselvesmentally and physically through traveling over famous mountains and the founding of New China, especially since theopening up to the outside world and the reform, the Chinesegovernment has given profound attention to the tourism work, whichhas been undergoing steady and fast growth as a newly emergingdynamic and potentially strong industry.// Presently, China is nowa big tourism .“十月的北京,天高氣爽,秋色宜人。世界旅游組織第15屆全體大會今天在這里隆重開幕?!边@兩個看似獨立的漢語句子譯成英文后變?yōu)橐粋€帶有時間狀語的句子:“Atthis October time when Beijing is offering us its charming autumnscenery in a most fresh air and clear weather, the 15th GeneralAssembly Session of the World Tourism Organization is officiallyopened here.”譯員在翻譯時既要考慮漢語在表達時要“忠實原文”,又要著力在英譯文中體現(xiàn)合理的邏輯關(guān)系以便讓英文聽眾較容易地理解和接受。所以權(quán)衡左右,得此譯文。因為,如果按漢語原文的形式,把兩個句子割裂開來,容易讓聽眾覺得講話者由天氣到大會開幕之間的轉(zhuǎn)換過于唐突和牽強。事實上如果了解中國人致開幕詞的某些習(xí)慣就會知道,中國人喜歡在宣布某項盛事開幕之前,加上對這一時刻特殊性或是重要性的描述,甚至是進行某些客觀情況的描述,諸如天氣特點,季節(jié)特征等。例如:“值此金秋時節(jié),?隆重召開了?!薄霸谶@月明中秋的良宵,我們歡聚一堂,共慶?”“艷陽高照,秋風(fēng)送爽。在蛇年即將過去,馬年新春即將來臨之際,我們在這里隆重舉行?”在現(xiàn)場口譯時,如遇到此類“起興”的描述,譯員可考慮將其盡量簡化后譯為時間狀語(從句),如:“ On this beautiful autumn day, ” “ On this splendid midautumnnight,” “At the beginning of 2002, the year of the horse,”等等。另外,第一句原文為“十月”修飾“北京”——“北京”為被修飾的中心成分;而譯文中“十月”變?yōu)橹行脑~,后面跟由“北京”作主語的定語從句。這是由于漢語獨特的表達習(xí)慣所致。在翻譯時要拋開原文表達的束縛,探究文字背后的邏輯意思。所以稍加分析,我們就可知道,北京因其十月而“天高氣爽,秋色宜人”,所以“十月”為中心詞,“北京”可安排為從句中的主語。2.“旅游是一項集觀光、娛樂、健身為一體的愉快而美好的活動。”此句中“是”譯為:“represents”。為了體現(xiàn)語言的多樣性和避免重復(fù),除“is?” 之外,譯員還可考慮將“是?”譯成其他動詞,如 “represents” “constitutes?” “forms?”“proves?” 等,有時還可視情況干脆譯成系表結(jié)構(gòu)以外的形式,例如:“?已是世界文化遺產(chǎn)之一”可譯為: “?has beenincluded in the World Cultural Heritage List.”3.“旅游是一項集觀光、娛樂、健身為一體的愉快而美好的活動。旅游業(yè)隨著時代進步而不斷發(fā)展?!弊g成英文時可以兩句變一句,并把后一個“旅游業(yè)”用“it”代替。這主要是考慮到在表達承接的方法上,英語中多用代詞,而漢語中多用重復(fù)。另外,通常情況下,漢語中短句較頻繁,而英語中長句,復(fù)合句較多。4.漢語中的一句:“20世紀(jì)中葉以來,現(xiàn)代旅游在世界范圍迅速興起,旅游人數(shù)不斷增加,旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)規(guī)模持續(xù)擴大,旅游經(jīng)濟地位顯著提升,旅游活動愈益成為各國人民交流文化、增進友誼、擴大交往的重要渠道,對人類生活和社會進步產(chǎn)生越來越廣泛的影響。”被譯成英文后變?yōu)榱巳?。這是由于漢語表達不太注重體現(xiàn)語言表面的層次性和邏輯性,這些要靠聽者自己通過字里行間的意思去體會。所以在漢語中,幾層意思經(jīng)常揉在一起在一個層次中表達出來。而英語則比較注重語言層面上的條理性,通常會通過斷句、代詞、連詞等語言手段來體現(xiàn)。在翻譯時,譯員為了達到好的傳譯效果,也為了方便自己的記憶,通常會將一段講話先分成幾個意群,然后按照邏輯分層譯出。例如此舉可分為三個層次:“20世紀(jì)中葉以來,現(xiàn)代旅游在世界范圍迅速興起,//(體現(xiàn)在)旅游人數(shù)不斷增加,旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)規(guī)模持續(xù)擴大,旅游經(jīng)濟地位顯著提升,//(結(jié)果是)旅游活動愈益成為各國人民交流文化、增進友誼、擴大交往的重要渠道,對人類生活和社會進步產(chǎn)生越來越廣泛的影響?!惫实么俗g文:”Since the middle of the 20th century, modern tourism has beengrowing at a fast pace around the number of tourists hasever been on the rise, the scale of the tourism industry has been onconstant expansion, and the position of tourism in the economy hasbeen obviously serves gradually as an importantbridge of cultural exchange, friendship and further exchanges andexerts more and more extensive influence on the human life andsocial progress among various countries.”5.在翻譯“古往今來,旅游一直是人們增長知識、豐富閱歷、強健體魄的美好追求?!睍r,還是要理解在先。在我們用母語講話時,有些用法不一定完全合乎語法要求,但聽眾一樣能理解并接受我們的表達,這是由于我們都處在同一個語境中,有相同的上下文和類似的背景知識,所以交流并不成問題。但譯員在翻譯時就要動動腦筋,不能機械地
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