【正文】 方差異，如手勢(shì)、眼神交流、私人空間以及男女關(guān)系。數(shù)年前，有一部電影在中國(guó)上映，這部電影里出現(xiàn)了中國(guó)電影史上第一次接吻的鏡頭。當(dāng)接吻鏡頭出現(xiàn)時(shí)，電影院里驚嘆聲一片。考慮到豐富的文化因素，公眾之吻的較高沖擊值可能會(huì)對(duì)你的廣告產(chǎn)生截然相反的功效。妄加推斷一個(gè)泛亞洲市場(chǎng)或一位拉丁美洲或歐洲客戶(hù)都有可能會(huì)釀成大錯(cuò)。在鄰國(guó)文化里，并不見(jiàn)得一定會(huì)有共同的購(gòu)買(mǎi)喜好。同樣，美國(guó)消費(fèi)者和墨西哥消費(fèi)者的購(gòu)物偏好也不盡相同。而且，國(guó)界也不一定總能區(qū)分消費(fèi)行為，因?yàn)榈貐^(qū)特色也一樣會(huì)很明顯。文化的方方面面都可能會(huì)如投石入水，泛起漣漪。飲食習(xí)慣不僅會(huì)影響食品公司，也會(huì)影響經(jīng)營(yíng)日用品、廚具、儲(chǔ)藏器皿、餐具、包裝公司，以及獲得經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)的餐飲、服務(wù)店。在有些亞洲地區(qū)不要用“快樂(lè)的綠巨人”，因?yàn)樵诋?dāng)?shù)匚幕?，男人戴綠帽子就表示他妻子對(duì)他不忠。要是能夠聘請(qǐng)到一位了解當(dāng)?shù)匚幕娜顺洚?dāng)目標(biāo)市場(chǎng)文化顧問(wèn)，那肯定再好不過(guò)了。預(yù)算不夠，就去咨詢(xún)跨境商會(huì)以獲取有效的幫助。但是，在啟動(dòng)一項(xiàng)營(yíng)銷(xiāo)活動(dòng)之前，可以先到市場(chǎng)上測(cè)試一下，這種測(cè)試通常在目標(biāo)國(guó)家或地區(qū)具有代表性的大城市進(jìn)行。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，城市居民見(jiàn)多識(shí)廣，他們的觀(guān)念也兼容并包。同時(shí)，他們的收人往往是最高的，更具隨意購(gòu)買(mǎi)消費(fèi)品的能力。在類(lèi)似這樣的一次測(cè)試?yán)?，一家美?guó)行李箱制造商發(fā)現(xiàn)文化同樣會(huì)影響思維和感知。這家公司在中東地區(qū)策劃了一則全新的廣告—他們的行李箱乘坐在一塊神奇的飛毯上。阿拉伯地區(qū)絕大多數(shù)的重點(diǎn)訪(fǎng)談人群則認(rèn)為他們看到的是一則“Samsonite”牌的地毯廣告。第二篇：當(dāng)代研究生英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)第八單元課文翻譯UNIT8Sometime in the early 1990s, a con man named Scott Clinton Gilbert visited a resume and printing shop in Las bill came to $ 39。, and he paid in his usual fashion: He ，一位名叫斯科特克林頓吉爾泊特的騙子來(lái)到位于拉斯維加斯的一家簡(jiǎn)歷和印刷商店。然后他以自己常用的方式付帳：欺騙。Gilbert charged his purchase under the name “Robert Hartle”.If anyone had 39。s true identity, the scam artist was more than had obtained a “Robert Hartle” driver39。s license, Social Securjty2 cardlater found to be Gilbertthe victim39。s Social Security numberwith my credit,“ says Frank, now an advocate for tougher identity theft laws.”She got a driver39。s license with my name.“弗蘭克得到的第一個(gè)線(xiàn)索是身份盜賊已經(jīng)用她的名義盜走了5萬(wàn)美元。她說(shuō)：“盜賊已用我的存款買(mǎi)了一輛紅色野馬牌敞篷車(chē)，現(xiàn)正四處行駛，駕照上使用的是我的名字。” 弗蘭克現(xiàn)在正積極倡導(dǎo)制定更為嚴(yán)厲的法律懲罰身份盜竊。The thief in Frank39。s case was anything but got Frank39。s credit report by saying she was a private get the Toys ”R“ Us card, Frank says, the woman had simply crossed out her own name on the application and written in ”Mari Frank“.弗蘭克案件中的盜竊一點(diǎn)也不復(fù)雜，罪犯只要說(shuō)自己是個(gè)私人投資者就可以得到弗蘭克的信用。弗蘭克報(bào)告。弗蘭克說(shuō)要得到“玩具之家”卡，這個(gè)女人只要在申請(qǐng)表上劃去她自已的名字，然后寫(xiě)上“瑪麗弗蘭克”就行了。Another victimturnedadvocate is Jessica Grant, who also was shocked to find out how unprotected she , a pension manager in Sun Prairie, Wis., had always used credit when she and her husband tried to refinance their home in December 1997, they found that an imposter had run up about $ 60,000 worth of debt in Grant39。s 格蘭特。她也吃驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)自己是那么輕易地受到了侵犯。格蘭特是威斯康星州一家“陽(yáng)光牧場(chǎng)”公司的養(yǎng)老金經(jīng)理，很少用信用卡。但當(dāng)她和丈夫在1997年12月準(zhǔn)備為住房再籌資金時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)有人以格蘭特的名義冒用了 6萬(wàn)美金。The thief, who lived in Texas, had opened 19 separate some cases, the impostor got credit in Grant39。s name despite submitting applications with a residence and employer that didn39。t match Grant39。，已經(jīng)開(kāi)了19個(gè)不同的賬戶(hù)。有些時(shí)候，盡管在她所交的申請(qǐng)表上出現(xiàn)的住處、雇主信息與格蘭特的不相符合，她還是以格蘭特的名義得到了存款?！盩hat39。s the part of it that just infuriates me, “ Grant There was just so much information that could have it never was.”格蘭特說(shuō)：“正是這一點(diǎn)使我憤怒。原本有那么多的疑點(diǎn)可以或應(yīng)該去質(zhì)疑，但卻沒(méi)有人這么做。”Like Hartle, both Frank and Grant found that local police did not consider them to be victims of took their cases to federal(aw enforcementwhere they found good news and bad ，弗蘭克和格蘭特也發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)?shù)鼐秸J(rèn)為她們不是此罪行的受害者她們兩人都將案件提交聯(lián)邦立法機(jī)構(gòu)——聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局以及美國(guó)特工處，在那里她們既聽(tīng)到了好消息，也聽(tīng)到了壞消息。Federal law does prohibit the fraudulent misuse of identification, band cards and Social Security 、銀行卡和社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)卡號(hào)。 and Grant both say, federal investigators told them they deal only with multistate fraud rings and cases worth upward of $ 200, cases didn39。t ，調(diào)查局只處理多州之間的詐騙集團(tuán)案，或金額達(dá)20萬(wàn)美元以上的案件，而她們兩人的案件都不符合以上條件。For the feds, it39。s a predicament, says James Bauer, a deputy assistant director in the Secret Service and proponent of tougher identity theft example, Bauer39。s office is shutting down a fraud ring in which the thieves used stolen identities to buy cars, then cleverly leveraged their thieves would take the car out of state, sell it, use the money to make a down payment on a house, then take out second mortgages on the 鮑爾是特工部的代理副主任，他力主制定嚴(yán)厲打擊身份盜竊的法律?？墒茄巯滤J(rèn)為對(duì)于聯(lián)邦調(diào)查人員來(lái)說(shuō)，處境也很為難。比如，鮑爾的辦公室正在打擊一個(gè)詐騙集，他們用偷來(lái)的身份買(mǎi)汽車(chē)，然后再巧妙地處理贓款。他們會(huì)將汽車(chē)運(yùn)出所在的州，然后賣(mài)掉它，再用獲得的錢(qián)付住房的首付款，最后取出房子的第二筆抵押金?！癕ultiply that times the 36 cars that we know about so far, and it amounts to literally millions of dollars, ” Bauer ：“目前我們所知道的車(chē)是36輛，如果再乘以那個(gè)倍數(shù)，實(shí)際金額可達(dá)上百萬(wàn)美元?！盉ut while the feds have struggled to crack those sorts of operations, relatively small fish like Scott Gilbert have wriggled ，總是有像斯科特吉爾泊特這樣的小魚(yú)會(huì)漏網(wǎng)。第三篇：研究生英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)課文翻譯Unit 1 The Hidden Side of Happiness 1 Hurricanes, house fires, cancer, whitewater rafting accidents, plane crashes, vicious attacks in dark asks for any of to their surprise, many people find that enduring such a harrowing ordeal ultimately changes them for the refrain might go something like this: “I wish it hadn39。t happened, but I39。m a better person for it.” 1颶風(fēng)、房屋失火、癌癥、激流漂筏失事、墜機(jī)、昏暗小巷遭歹徒襲擊,沒(méi)人想找上這些事兒。但出人意料的 是,很多人發(fā)現(xiàn)遭受這樣一次痛苦的磨難最終會(huì)使他們向好的方面轉(zhuǎn)變。他們可能都會(huì)這樣說(shuō) :“我希望這事 沒(méi)發(fā)生,但因?yàn)樗易兊酶昝懒?。?We love to hear the stories of people who have been transformed by their tribulations, perhaps because they testify to a bona fide type of psychological truth, one that sometimes gets lost amid endless reports of disaster: There seems to be a builtin human capacity to flourish under the most difficult responses to profoundly disturbing experiences are not limited to the toughest or the fact, roughly half the people who struggle with adversity say that their lives subsequently in some ways ,可能是因?yàn)檫@些故事證實(shí)了一條真正的心理學(xué)上的真理,這條 真理有時(shí)會(huì)湮沒(méi)在無(wú)數(shù)關(guān)于災(zāi)難的報(bào)道中 :在最困難的境況中,人所具有的一種內(nèi)在的奮發(fā)向上的能力會(huì)進(jìn)發(fā) 出來(lái)。對(duì)那些令人極度恐慌的經(jīng)歷作出 ? 積極回應(yīng)的并不僅限于最堅(jiān)強(qiáng)或最勇敢的人。實(shí)際上,大約半數(shù)與逆 境抗?fàn)庍^(guò)的人都說(shuō)他們的生活從此在某些方面有了改善。This and other promising findings about the lifechanging effects of crises are the province of the new science of posttraumatic fledgling field has already proved the truth of what once passed as bromide: What doesn39。t kill you can actually make you stress is far from the only possible the wake of even the most terrifying experiences, only a small proportion of adults bee chronically monly, people reboundor even eventually ,這正是創(chuàng)傷后成長(zhǎng)這一新學(xué)科的研究領(lǐng)域。這一新 興領(lǐng)域已經(jīng)證實(shí)了曾經(jīng)被視為陳詞濫調(diào)的一個(gè)真理 :大難不死,意志彌堅(jiān)。創(chuàng)傷后壓力絕不是唯一可能的結(jié)果。在遭遇了即使最可怕的經(jīng)歷之后, 也只有一小部分成年人會(huì)受到長(zhǎng)期的心理折磨。更常見(jiàn)的情況是, 人們會(huì)恢 復(fù)過(guò)來(lái) — 甚至最終會(huì)成功發(fā)達(dá)。Those who weather adversity well are living proof of the paradoxes of need more than pleasure to live the best possible contemporary quest for happiness has shriveled to a hunt for blissa life protected from bad feelings,