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ght be to 39。s a beachber(海灘拾荒者).Nearly everything in his cottage has e the sea—chairs, tables, even tins of food.“I even found a box of beer just before was nice,” he finds lots of bottles with messages in them, from all get a if there39。s an address in the bottle.“Shoes? If you find one, you39。ll find the the next week,” he does he really a living? “Half a living,” he smiles.“Anyway I have my police I don39。t actually need life is rich in (多樣性).” Terry is happy.“You have to find a way to live a simple life.”“Some people say I39。m mad,” says Terry.“ there are many more who39。d like to do I at 39。ve got everything I could possibly want.”1.________ 【答案】1.walking 6.other (十)[2014福建福州模擬]A rich man was near death and was very had worked so hard for his money he dreamt he could take it with him to he (祈禱)his dream would e angel appeared and said man begged the angel to speak to God to see whether he might the angel reappeared and said that God could permit him to take one(激動(dòng)地),the man gathered his suitcase and filled it with pure gold , he died and showed up in heaven to greet the suitcase, said,“Hold ; you can39。t bring that here!”The man explained that he had God39。s checked it out and said,“You are are allowed suitcase,but I39。m supposed to check its contents letting it through.”Inspecting the things that the man found too (珍貴的)to leave behind, exclaimed, “You brought pavement? As you can see, the street of heaven is made of gold!”1.________ 【答案】1.that 6.on 第五篇:2012年高考真題文科數(shù)學(xué)解析分類(lèi)15:推理與證明12012高考文科試題解析分類(lèi)匯編:推理和證明1.【2012高考全國(guó)文12】正方形ABCD的邊長(zhǎng)為1,點(diǎn)E在邊AB上,點(diǎn)F在邊BC上,AE=BF=13。動(dòng)點(diǎn)P從E出發(fā)沿直線向F運(yùn)動(dòng),每當(dāng)碰到正方形的邊時(shí)反彈,反彈時(shí)反射角等于入射角,當(dāng)點(diǎn)P第一次碰到E時(shí),P與正方形的邊碰撞的次數(shù)為(A)8(B)6(C)4(D)3【答案】B【命題意圖】本試題主要考查了反射原理與三角形相似知識(shí)的運(yùn)用。通過(guò)相似三角形,來(lái)確定反射后的點(diǎn)的落的位置,結(jié)合圖像分析反射的次數(shù)即可?!窘馕觥拷猓航Y(jié)合已知中的點(diǎn)E,F的位置,進(jìn)行作圖,推理可知,在反射的過(guò)程中,直線是平行的,那么利用平行關(guān)系,作圖,可以得到回到EA點(diǎn)時(shí),需要碰撞8次即可。p2pnp+...+sin2.【2012高考上海文18】若Sn=sin+sinn206。N*),則在S1,S2,...,S100777中,正數(shù)的個(gè)數(shù)是()A、16B、72C、86D、100【答案】C【解析】依據(jù)正弦函數(shù)的周期性,可以找其中等于零或者小于零的項(xiàng).【點(diǎn)評(píng)】,從題目出發(fā)可以看出來(lái)相鄰的14項(xiàng)的和為0,這就是規(guī)律,.【2012高考江西文5】觀察下列事實(shí)|x|+|y|=1的不同整數(shù)解(x,y)的個(gè)數(shù)為4,|x|+|y|=2的不同整數(shù)解(x,y)的個(gè)數(shù)為8,|x|+|y|=3的不同整數(shù)解(x,y)的個(gè)數(shù)為12 ….則|x|+|y|=20的不同整數(shù)解(x,y)的個(gè)數(shù)為【答案】B【解析】本題主要為數(shù)列的應(yīng)用題,觀察可得不同整數(shù)解的個(gè)數(shù)可以構(gòu)成一個(gè)首先為4,公差為4的等差數(shù)列,則所求為第20項(xiàng),.【2012高考陜西文12】觀察下列不等式1+1+12122+321532,531+122+132+142……照此規(guī)律,第五個(gè)不等式為....【答案】1+++++116.【解析】觀察不等式的左邊發(fā)現(xiàn),第n個(gè)不等式的左邊=1+1+1+L+2(n+1)1n+1(n+1),右邊=5.【2012k,所以第五個(gè)不等式為1+++*2++116. 表示為高考湖南文k116】對(duì)于n206。N,將nn=ak180。2+ak1180。2+L+a1180。2+a0180。2,當(dāng)i=k時(shí)ai=1,當(dāng)0163。i163。k1時(shí)ai為0或1,定義bn如下:在n的上述表示中,當(dāng)a0,a1,a2,…,ak中等于1的個(gè)數(shù)為奇數(shù)時(shí),bn=1;否則bn=0.(1)b2+b4+b6+b8=__;(2)記cm為數(shù)列{bn}中第m個(gè)為0的項(xiàng)與第m+1個(gè)為0的項(xiàng)之間的項(xiàng)數(shù),則cm的最大值是___.【答案】(1)3;(2)【解析】(1)觀察知1=a0180。2,a0=1,b1=1;2=1180。2+0180。2,a1=1,a0=0,b2=1;10210一次類(lèi)推3=1180。2+1180。2,b3=0;4=1180。2+0180。2+0180。2,b4=1;5=1180。2+0180。2+1180。2,b5=0;6=1180。2+1180。2+0180。2,b6=0,b7=1,b8=1,210210b2+b4+b6+b8=3;(2)由(1)知cm的最大值為2.【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查在新環(huán)境下的創(chuàng)新意識(shí),考查運(yùn)算能力,.【2012高考湖北文17】傳說(shuō)古希臘畢達(dá)哥拉斯學(xué)派的數(shù)學(xué)家經(jīng)常在沙灘上面畫(huà)點(diǎn)或用小石子表示數(shù)。他們研究過(guò)如圖所示的三角形數(shù):將三角形數(shù)1,3,6,10,…記為數(shù)列{an},將可被5整除的三角形數(shù)按從小到大的順序組成一個(gè)新數(shù)列{bn},可以推測(cè):(Ⅰ)b2012是數(shù)列{an}中的第______項(xiàng);(Ⅱ)b2k1=______。(用k表示)【答案】(Ⅰ)5030;(Ⅱ)5k(5k1)n(n+1)2【解析】由以上規(guī)律可知三角形數(shù)1,3,6,10,…,的一個(gè)通項(xiàng)公式為an=,寫(xiě)出其若干項(xiàng)有:1,3,6,10,15,21,28,36,45,55,66,78,91,105,110,發(fā)現(xiàn)其中能被5整除的為10,15,45,55,105,110,故b1=a4,b2=a5,b3=a9,b4=a10,b5=a14,b6=:b2k=a5k=b2k1=a5k1=(5k1)(5k1+1)=5k(5k+1)(k為正整數(shù)),5k(5k1),故b2012=a2180。1006=a5180。1006=a5030,即b2012是數(shù)列{an}中的第5030項(xiàng).【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查歸納推理,不一定要證明,但猜想需要有一定的經(jīng)驗(yàn)與能力,.【2102高考北京文20】(本小題共13分)設(shè)A是如下形式的2行3列的數(shù)表,滿(mǎn)足性質(zhì)P:a,b,c,d,e,f∈[1,1],且a+b+c+d+e+f=(A)為A的第i行各數(shù)之和(i=1,2),Cj(A)為第j列各數(shù)之和(j=1,2,3);記k(A)為|r1(A)|, |r2(A)|, |c1(A)|,|c2(A)|,|c3(A)|中的最小值。對(duì)如下數(shù)表A,求k(A)的值設(shè)數(shù)表A形如其中1≤d≤0,求k(A)的最大值;(Ⅲ)對(duì)所有滿(mǎn)足性質(zhì)P的2行3列的數(shù)表A,求k(A)的最大值?!究键c(diǎn)定位】此題作為壓軸題難度較大,考查學(xué)生分析問(wèn)題解決問(wèn)題的能力,考查學(xué)生嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)倪壿嬎季S能力。(1)因?yàn)閞1(A)=,r2(A)=,c1(A)=,c2(A)=,c3(A)=,所以k(A)=(2)r1(A)=12d,r2(A)=1+2d,c1(A)=c2(A)=1+d,c3(A)=163。d163。0,所以|r1(A)|=|r2(A)|179。d179。0,|c3(A)|179。d179。(A)=1+d163。=0時(shí),k(A)取得最大值1.(3任意改變A的行次序或列次序,或把A中的每個(gè)數(shù)換成它的相反數(shù),所得數(shù)表A*仍滿(mǎn)足性*質(zhì)P,并且k(A)=k(A),因此,不妨設(shè)r1(A)179。0,c1(A)179。0,c2(A)179。0,由k(A)的定義知3k,163。1(Ak(163。A)(A+r(163。)cA)=(A,k163。,(A+)c從)+(Ac而+)a(A(+)kb)+r1=(a+b+c+d+e+f)+(a+bf)=a+bf163。3因此k(A)163。1,由(2)知,存在滿(mǎn)足性質(zhì)P的數(shù)表A,使k(A)=1,故k(A)的最大值為1。8.【2102高考福建文20】20.(本小題滿(mǎn)分13分)某同學(xué)在一次研究性學(xué)習(xí)中發(fā)現(xiàn),以下五個(gè)式子的值都等于同一個(gè)常數(shù)。(1)sin213176。+cos217176。sin13176。cos17176。(2)sin215176。+cos215176。sin15176。cos15176。(3)sin218176。+cos212176。sin18176。cos12176。(4)sin2(18176。)+cos248176。sin2(18176。)cos248176。(5)sin2(25176。)+cos255176。sin2(25176。)cos255176。 Ⅰ 試從上述五個(gè)式子中選擇一個(gè),求出這個(gè)常數(shù)Ⅱ 根據(jù)(Ⅰ)的計(jì)算結(jié)果,將該同學(xué)的發(fā)現(xiàn)推廣位三角恒等式,并證明你的結(jié)論??键c(diǎn):三角恒等變換。難度:中。分析:本題考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)恒等變換公式的轉(zhuǎn)換及其應(yīng)用。解答:(I)選擇(2):sin15+cos15sin15cos15=1sin30=(II)三角恒等式為:sina+cos(30a)sinacos(30a)=sina+cos(30a)sinacos(30a)=sin2a+=34sina+234a+cosa=sina)sina2a+sina)