【正文】 書(shū)信的結(jié)構(gòu)：英文的書(shū)信結(jié)構(gòu)通常包括6個(gè)組成部分：信頭（heading，包括寄信人地址和日期）、信內(nèi)地址（inside address，指收信人地址）、稱呼（salutation）、正文（body）、結(jié)束語(yǔ)（plimentary）、簽名（signature），有時(shí)候還包括附言（postscript）和附件（attachment）。稱呼：稱呼是書(shū)信的開(kāi)頭部分，是寫(xiě)信人對(duì)收信人的稱謂。無(wú)論是私人信件、還是公務(wù)信件，一般都以“Dear”作為開(kāi)頭引出收信人的姓名和頭銜。稱呼的后面一般都要求加逗號(hào)。在私人信件中，如果寫(xiě)信人與收信人關(guān)系比較親密，則稱呼可以比較隨意，一般都是“Dear”后面直接加人名，如“Dear Anna, Dear Tom”等；或者“Dear”后面加長(zhǎng)輩的稱呼，如“Dear Papa, Dear Aunt”；如果關(guān)系不是非常親密，則要稱呼對(duì)方的姓，寫(xiě)做“Dear , Dear , Dear Miss Smith, Dear Ms Smith”。注意，在不知道女士的婚嫁狀況的時(shí)候，宜用“Ms.”。在公務(wù)信件中，一般的稱呼格式是在收信人頭銜后加姓，或者加收信人全名。要特別注意收信人的頭銜。具體稱呼方式及縮寫(xiě)如下：男士：：Mrs., Ms., Miss教授/博士：Prof./、法官、議員或其他高官：Hon.(Honorable，即“尊敬的”)編輯：Editor不知對(duì)方姓名：Dear Sir/Sirs, Dear Madam/Madams, Dear Sir or Madam, To Whom It May Concern正文：正文一般包括三個(gè)部分。第一部分是開(kāi)頭，需要開(kāi)門見(jiàn)山地說(shuō)明寫(xiě)信的原因和目的。如果是寫(xiě)給不認(rèn)識(shí)的人，還要加上一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的自我介紹。如果是回信，還要說(shuō)明何時(shí)收到對(duì)方關(guān)于什么內(nèi)容的信。第二部分是信的核心和主要內(nèi)容，把開(kāi)頭提出的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行充分的說(shuō)明和解釋。第三部分是信的結(jié)尾，通常以禮貌的祝?；蛘咴竿麃?lái)結(jié)束。如：I am looking forward to your pass my best wishes to all your ：結(jié)束語(yǔ)是寫(xiě)信人對(duì)于收信人的謙稱和致敬。在私人信件中，一般可以用“Best wishes, Best regards, Best, Regards, Warmest Regards, Yours, Yours ever, Yours sincerely, Cordially”。如果是用于關(guān)系非常親密的朋友或者親人，則還可以用“Yours affectionately, Affectionately, Love, Lovingly, Cheers, Your devoted friend, Your loving son(daughter, nephew, niece, grandson, granddaughter, father, mother, husband, wife, etc.)”。在公務(wù)信件中，一般可以用“Yours sincerely, yours faithfully, Yours truly, Yours respectfully, Yours gratefully, Yours cordially”等。特別是在給一些團(tuán)體和不知名的個(gè)人的正式信件中，除了以上結(jié)束語(yǔ)外還可以采用以下形式：Truly yours, Sincerely yours, Faithfully yours, ，對(duì)于考生來(lái)說(shuō)如果能夠掌握各種情況下的不同結(jié)束語(yǔ)自然最好，但是對(duì)于應(yīng)試來(lái)說(shuō)，考生掌握一個(gè)“Yours sincerely”就可以以不變應(yīng)萬(wàn)變，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)結(jié)束語(yǔ)普遍適用于私人和公務(wù)信件。第五篇：英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之社交書(shū)信概述英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之社交書(shū)信概述社交書(shū)信包括的內(nèi)容很多，如邀請(qǐng)信、推薦信、介紹信、證明信、賀信、感謝信等等。寫(xiě)社交書(shū)信時(shí)切記如下幾點(diǎn)：(1)所有的社交書(shū)信都有明確的目的。因此，寫(xiě)社交書(shū)信時(shí)要一矢中的。(2)不要寫(xiě)不相干的事。(3)寫(xiě)上必不可少的事實(shí)，如時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等。(4)不要在一封信中將商務(wù)與社交混為一談。證明信(Certificate)證明信包括下列幾項(xiàng)：(1)你是以什么資格了解被證明人或被證明公司的。(2)你認(rèn)識(shí)被證明人或被證明公司有多久了。(3)被證明人或被證明公司的可靠性和能力如何?！纠弧縀uston UK LTD8185 BARNLEY ROADDUNDEE28th September, 1996Ref: PVH/ltjJason ＆ Son ManorBurnsideDumfriesDear sir：Thank you for your letter of 20 September, requesting a reference for Clairish Computers answers to your questions are as follows: have employed Clairish Computers January Computers has helped our pany rectify a new puter system that had been badly installed by another firm of has drawn up a system specification for a replacement system and has chosen appropriate did not select Clairish Computers from several were not first time puter first system is working replacement system is still too new to ment are satisfied with the work of Clairish various stages were pleted on time, and the charges agreed with the was continuity of staff at Clairish Baird managed the work, which was carried out by Alex Johnston and James staff training was effectively carried faithfully,Peter Haddon, Director【例二】Doctor’s Certificate, 2000This is to certify that the patient, , male, aged 41, was admitted into our hospital on , 2000, for suffering from acute immediate operation and ten days of treatment, he has got plete recovery and will be discharged on , is suggested that he rest for one week at home before resuming his HopkinsSurgeonincharge【例三】Certificate(80)Lu Zi, This is to certificate that Dong holds a diploma issued to him in July, 1980 by Liaoning University(Diploma )and that we have carefully checked the seal of the university and the signature by President Zhou Notary Public OfficeLiaoning ProvinceThe Peoples Republic of ChinaNotary: Fang HongjianMay 2, 2001