【導(dǎo)讀】計(jì)和導(dǎo)向機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)等多方面詳細(xì)闡述了HPVC直角彎頭注塑模具的設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程。本課題最大的特點(diǎn)是模具的型芯由左右側(cè)滑塊組成，因此為了不使模?？傊敬卧O(shè)計(jì)的模具結(jié)構(gòu)合理，加工方便，工藝性好，能較好地運(yùn)用于實(shí)際

　　

【正文】 具設(shè)計(jì)，主要在對(duì)塑件進(jìn)行成型分析的基礎(chǔ)上從原材料分析、成型特性、分型面的選擇、澆注系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)、冷卻系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)、型芯和型腔的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、推出 復(fù)位結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、側(cè)向抽芯機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)和導(dǎo)向機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)等多方面詳細(xì)闡述了 HPVC 直角彎頭注塑模具的設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程。同時(shí)通過(guò)合理地選擇注塑機(jī)并對(duì)注塑壓力、最大注塑量、鎖模力、開(kāi)模行程等相關(guān)方面進(jìn)行校核，進(jìn)一步保證設(shè)計(jì)的合理型，并設(shè)計(jì)溫度調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)和闡述模具裝配等方面。本課題最大的特點(diǎn)是模具的型芯由左右側(cè)滑塊組成，因此為了不使模具在復(fù)位過(guò)程中側(cè)滑塊不與頂桿發(fā)生干涉，選擇將彈簧安裝在復(fù)位桿上的復(fù)位機(jī)構(gòu)?？傊敬卧O(shè)計(jì)的模具結(jié)構(gòu)合理，加工方便，工藝性好，能較好地運(yùn)用于實(shí)際生產(chǎn)。 這次注射模具畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)從第六周開(kāi)始到第十六周結(jié)束，總共 用了 70 天時(shí)間。通過(guò)對(duì) 直角彎頭 塑料成型模具的設(shè)計(jì)，對(duì)常用塑料在成型過(guò)程中對(duì)模具的工藝要求有了更深一層的理解，掌握了塑料成 型模具的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)及設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算方法，對(duì)獨(dú)立設(shè)計(jì)模具具有了一次新 的認(rèn)識(shí) 。 總之，通過(guò)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的又一次鍛煉完全清楚：充分利用 CAD 技術(shù)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)，在模具符合使要求的前提下盡量降低成本。同時(shí)在實(shí)際中不斷的積累經(jīng)驗(yàn)，以設(shè)計(jì)出價(jià)廉物美的模具。 洛陽(yáng)理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 35 謝 辭 時(shí)光 飛 逝，轉(zhuǎn)眼間在大學(xué)三年里的求學(xué)生涯即將結(jié)束，在最后學(xué)校安排了畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)使我們把三年來(lái)所學(xué)知識(shí)得以聯(lián)串同時(shí)也對(duì)學(xué)過(guò)的知識(shí)充分復(fù)習(xí)了一遍，對(duì)模具 設(shè)計(jì) 有 了更深入的學(xué)習(xí)。 這次設(shè)計(jì)能順利完成，還得感謝 范 老師的精心指導(dǎo)。但錯(cuò)誤之處在所難免，望批評(píng)指正。 很感謝 范 老師的精心指導(dǎo)， 幫 我們解決了諸多問(wèn)題，為此再次表示感謝！同樣也感謝其他各位老師是你們?nèi)陙?lái)不畏辛苦，不知疲倦，把自己生平所學(xué)的知識(shí)傳受于我們，把我們培養(yǎng)成才，致使我們能夠輕松的走向工作崗位，服務(wù)社會(huì)報(bào)效祖國(guó)。在此一并致謝！本次設(shè)計(jì)中得到了 范敏老師的指點(diǎn)。同時(shí)也非常感謝洛陽(yáng)理工學(xué)院的各位老師的精心教導(dǎo)。 由于實(shí)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)和理論技術(shù)有限，畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)中還存在諸多問(wèn)題，在模具的設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中，很多時(shí)候都是依靠同學(xué)們的幫助和 老師的指導(dǎo)，才能順利地繼續(xù)往下設(shè)計(jì)，在這里要感謝同學(xué)的幫助，也向各位指導(dǎo)老師表示衷心的感謝！希望各位老師批評(píng)指 正。 洛陽(yáng)理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 36 參考文獻(xiàn) [1]中國(guó)機(jī)械工業(yè)教育協(xié)會(huì) .塑料模設(shè)計(jì)及制造 .北京機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社 .2021 [2]李海梅 ,申長(zhǎng)雨 .注塑成型及模具設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)用技術(shù) .北京化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社 2021 [3]屈華昌 .塑料成型工藝與模具設(shè)計(jì) .機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社 .1998 [4]陳志剛 .塑料模具設(shè)計(jì) .北京機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社 .2021 [5]中國(guó)機(jī)械工程學(xué)會(huì) .中國(guó)模具設(shè)計(jì)大典 .江西科學(xué)技術(shù)出版社 .2021 [6]楊占堯 .住塑模具典型結(jié)構(gòu)圖例 .化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社 .2021 [7]閻亞林 .塑料模具圖冊(cè) .高等教育出版社 .2021 [8]劉小年 ,陳婷 .機(jī)械制圖 .機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社 .2021 [9]陳于萍 ,周兆元 .互換性與測(cè)量技術(shù)基礎(chǔ) .第二版 .機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社 . 2021 [10]徐進(jìn) ,陳再枝 .模具材料應(yīng)用手冊(cè) .機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社 .2021 [11]梁俊友 ,李洪波 .CAD 工程設(shè)計(jì) .遠(yuǎn)方出版社 .2021 [12]程燕軍 ,柳舟通 .沖壓與塑料成型設(shè)備 .可行出版社 .2021 [13]黃毅宏 ,李明輝 .模具制造工藝 .機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社 .1999 [14]楊成梅 .模具專業(yè)英語(yǔ) .大連理工大學(xué)出版社 .2021 [15]許發(fā)樾 .實(shí)用模具設(shè)計(jì)與制造手冊(cè) .機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社 .2021 洛陽(yáng)理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 37 外文資料翻譯 Die basics with eight basic ponents A stamping die is a special, oneofakind precision tool that cuts and forms sheet metal into a desired shape or profile. Most dies are constructed of several basic ponents, including die plates, shoes, die sets, guide pins, bushings, heel blocks, heel plates, screws, dowels, and keys. Dies also need stripper, pressure, and drawing pads, as well as the devices used to secure them— spools, shoulder bolts, keepers, and retainers。 and gas, coil, or urethane springs. A stamping die is a special, oneofakind precision tool that cuts and forms sheet metal into a desired shape or profile. The die39。s cutting and forming sections typically are made from special types of hardenable steel called tool steel. Dies also can contain cutting and forming sections made from carbide or various other hard, wearresistant materials. Most stamping dies are constructed of several basic ponents, including die plates, shoes, die sets, guide pins, bushings, heel blocks, heel plates, screws, dowels, and keys. Dies also need stripper, pressure, and drawing pads, as well as the devices used to secure them: spools, shoulder bolts, keepers, and retainers, as well as gas, coil, or urethane springs. 1. Die Plates, Shoes, and Die Sets Die plates, shoes, and die sets are steel or aluminum plates that correspond to the size of the die. They serve as the foundation for mounting the working die ponents. These parts must be machined— milled or ground— so that they are parallel and flat within a critical tolerance. Although grinding is the most popular, a milled surface now can be obtained that is as accurate as a ground surface. Most die shoes are made from steel. Aluminum also is a popular die shoe material. Aluminum is onethird the weight of steel, it can be machined very quickly, and special alloys can be added to it to give it greater pressive strength than lowcarbon steel. 洛陽(yáng)理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 38 Aluminum also is a great metal for shock adsorption, which makes it a good choice for blanking dies. The upper and lower die shoes assembled together with guide pins create the die set. The lower die shoe often has machined or flamecut holes that allow slugs and scrap created in the die to fall freely through the die shoe onto the press bed. The holes also may serve as clearances for gas springs and other die ponents. The die shoe thickness is based on how much force can be expected during cutting and forming. For example, a coining die, one that presses metal by squeezing it between an upper and lower die section, requires a much thicker die shoe than a simple bending die. 2. Guide Pins and Bushings Guide pins, sometimes referred to as guide posts or pillars, function together with guide bushings to align both the upper and lower die shoes precisely. They are precisionground ponents, often manufactured within in. Although numerous specialty mounting methods can be used to install these ponents, there are only two basic types of guide pins and bushings— friction pins and ball bearingstyle pins. Friction pins are precisionground pins that are slightly smaller than the guide bushing39。s inside diameter. Pins are made from hardened tool steel, while bushings often are made from or lined with a special wearresistant material called aluminumbronze. The aluminumbronze may contain graphite plugs that help to reduce friction and wear that occur to the pins and bushings. Friction pins also help to heel the die shoes and prevent them from moving from side to side. Precision or ball bearingstyle guide pins prise precisionhardened pins, ball cages, ball bearings, and bushings. Unlike friction pins, these pins ride on a series of ball bearings contained in a special aluminum ball cage that permits the bearings to rotate without falling out. These pins have several advantages. First, friction is reduced so the die can run at faster speeds without generating excessive friction and heat. Second, they allow the 洛陽(yáng)理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 39 diemaker to separate the upper and lower die shoes easily. Third, because they use ball bearings, they can be manufactured with greater accuracy than frictio