【導(dǎo)讀】計和導(dǎo)向機構(gòu)的設(shè)計等多方面詳細(xì)闡述了HPVC直角彎頭注塑模具的設(shè)計過程。本課題最大的特點是模具的型芯由左右側(cè)滑塊組成，因此為了不使模?？傊敬卧O(shè)計的模具結(jié)構(gòu)合理，加工方便，工藝性好，能較好地運用于實際

　　

【正文】 具設(shè)計，主要在對塑件進行成型分析的基礎(chǔ)上從原材料分析、成型特性、分型面的選擇、澆注系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計、冷卻系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計、型芯和型腔的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計、推出 復(fù)位結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計、側(cè)向抽芯機構(gòu)的設(shè)計和導(dǎo)向機構(gòu)的設(shè)計等多方面詳細(xì)闡述了 HPVC 直角彎頭注塑模具的設(shè)計過程。同時通過合理地選擇注塑機并對注塑壓力、最大注塑量、鎖模力、開模行程等相關(guān)方面進行校核，進一步保證設(shè)計的合理型，并設(shè)計溫度調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)和闡述模具裝配等方面。本課題最大的特點是模具的型芯由左右側(cè)滑塊組成，因此為了不使模具在復(fù)位過程中側(cè)滑塊不與頂桿發(fā)生干涉，選擇將彈簧安裝在復(fù)位桿上的復(fù)位機構(gòu)?？傊敬卧O(shè)計的模具結(jié)構(gòu)合理，加工方便，工藝性好，能較好地運用于實際生產(chǎn)。 這次注射模具畢業(yè)設(shè)計從第六周開始到第十六周結(jié)束，總共 用了 70 天時間。通過對 直角彎頭 塑料成型模具的設(shè)計，對常用塑料在成型過程中對模具的工藝要求有了更深一層的理解，掌握了塑料成 型模具的結(jié)構(gòu)特點及設(shè)計計算方法，對獨立設(shè)計模具具有了一次新 的認(rèn)識 。 總之，通過畢業(yè)設(shè)計的又一次鍛煉完全清楚：充分利用 CAD 技術(shù)進行設(shè)計，在模具符合使要求的前提下盡量降低成本。同時在實際中不斷的積累經(jīng)驗，以設(shè)計出價廉物美的模具。 洛陽理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） 35 謝 辭 時光 飛 逝，轉(zhuǎn)眼間在大學(xué)三年里的求學(xué)生涯即將結(jié)束，在最后學(xué)校安排了畢業(yè)設(shè)計使我們把三年來所學(xué)知識得以聯(lián)串同時也對學(xué)過的知識充分復(fù)習(xí)了一遍，對模具 設(shè)計 有 了更深入的學(xué)習(xí)。 這次設(shè)計能順利完成，還得感謝 范 老師的精心指導(dǎo)。但錯誤之處在所難免，望批評指正。 很感謝 范 老師的精心指導(dǎo)， 幫 我們解決了諸多問題，為此再次表示感謝！同樣也感謝其他各位老師是你們?nèi)陙聿晃沸量啵恢＞?，把自己生平所學(xué)的知識傳受于我們，把我們培養(yǎng)成才，致使我們能夠輕松的走向工作崗位，服務(wù)社會報效祖國。在此一并致謝！本次設(shè)計中得到了 范敏老師的指點。同時也非常感謝洛陽理工學(xué)院的各位老師的精心教導(dǎo)。 由于實際經(jīng)驗和理論技術(shù)有限，畢業(yè)設(shè)計中還存在諸多問題，在模具的設(shè)計過程中，很多時候都是依靠同學(xué)們的幫助和 老師的指導(dǎo)，才能順利地繼續(xù)往下設(shè)計，在這里要感謝同學(xué)的幫助，也向各位指導(dǎo)老師表示衷心的感謝！希望各位老師批評指 正。 洛陽理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） 36 參考文獻 [1]中國機械工業(yè)教育協(xié)會 .塑料模設(shè)計及制造 .北京機械工業(yè)出版社 .2021 [2]李海梅 ,申長雨 .注塑成型及模具設(shè)計實用技術(shù) .北京化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社 2021 [3]屈華昌 .塑料成型工藝與模具設(shè)計 .機械工業(yè)出版社 .1998 [4]陳志剛 .塑料模具設(shè)計 .北京機械工業(yè)出版社 .2021 [5]中國機械工程學(xué)會 .中國模具設(shè)計大典 .江西科學(xué)技術(shù)出版社 .2021 [6]楊占堯 .住塑模具典型結(jié)構(gòu)圖例 .化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社 .2021 [7]閻亞林 .塑料模具圖冊 .高等教育出版社 .2021 [8]劉小年 ,陳婷 .機械制圖 .機械工業(yè)出版社 .2021 [9]陳于萍 ,周兆元 .互換性與測量技術(shù)基礎(chǔ) .第二版 .機械工業(yè)出版社 . 2021 [10]徐進 ,陳再枝 .模具材料應(yīng)用手冊 .機械工業(yè)出版社 .2021 [11]梁俊友 ,李洪波 .CAD 工程設(shè)計 .遠(yuǎn)方出版社 .2021 [12]程燕軍 ,柳舟通 .沖壓與塑料成型設(shè)備 .可行出版社 .2021 [13]黃毅宏 ,李明輝 .模具制造工藝 .機械工業(yè)出版社 .1999 [14]楊成梅 .模具專業(yè)英語 .大連理工大學(xué)出版社 .2021 [15]許發(fā)樾 .實用模具設(shè)計與制造手冊 .機械工業(yè)出版社 .2021 洛陽理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） 37 外文資料翻譯 Die basics with eight basic ponents A stamping die is a special, oneofakind precision tool that cuts and forms sheet metal into a desired shape or profile. Most dies are constructed of several basic ponents, including die plates, shoes, die sets, guide pins, bushings, heel blocks, heel plates, screws, dowels, and keys. Dies also need stripper, pressure, and drawing pads, as well as the devices used to secure them— spools, shoulder bolts, keepers, and retainers。 and gas, coil, or urethane springs. A stamping die is a special, oneofakind precision tool that cuts and forms sheet metal into a desired shape or profile. The die39。s cutting and forming sections typically are made from special types of hardenable steel called tool steel. Dies also can contain cutting and forming sections made from carbide or various other hard, wearresistant materials. Most stamping dies are constructed of several basic ponents, including die plates, shoes, die sets, guide pins, bushings, heel blocks, heel plates, screws, dowels, and keys. Dies also need stripper, pressure, and drawing pads, as well as the devices used to secure them: spools, shoulder bolts, keepers, and retainers, as well as gas, coil, or urethane springs. 1. Die Plates, Shoes, and Die Sets Die plates, shoes, and die sets are steel or aluminum plates that correspond to the size of the die. They serve as the foundation for mounting the working die ponents. These parts must be machined— milled or ground— so that they are parallel and flat within a critical tolerance. Although grinding is the most popular, a milled surface now can be obtained that is as accurate as a ground surface. Most die shoes are made from steel. Aluminum also is a popular die shoe material. Aluminum is onethird the weight of steel, it can be machined very quickly, and special alloys can be added to it to give it greater pressive strength than lowcarbon steel. 洛陽理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） 38 Aluminum also is a great metal for shock adsorption, which makes it a good choice for blanking dies. The upper and lower die shoes assembled together with guide pins create the die set. The lower die shoe often has machined or flamecut holes that allow slugs and scrap created in the die to fall freely through the die shoe onto the press bed. The holes also may serve as clearances for gas springs and other die ponents. The die shoe thickness is based on how much force can be expected during cutting and forming. For example, a coining die, one that presses metal by squeezing it between an upper and lower die section, requires a much thicker die shoe than a simple bending die. 2. Guide Pins and Bushings Guide pins, sometimes referred to as guide posts or pillars, function together with guide bushings to align both the upper and lower die shoes precisely. They are precisionground ponents, often manufactured within in. Although numerous specialty mounting methods can be used to install these ponents, there are only two basic types of guide pins and bushings— friction pins and ball bearingstyle pins. Friction pins are precisionground pins that are slightly smaller than the guide bushing39。s inside diameter. Pins are made from hardened tool steel, while bushings often are made from or lined with a special wearresistant material called aluminumbronze. The aluminumbronze may contain graphite plugs that help to reduce friction and wear that occur to the pins and bushings. Friction pins also help to heel the die shoes and prevent them from moving from side to side. Precision or ball bearingstyle guide pins prise precisionhardened pins, ball cages, ball bearings, and bushings. Unlike friction pins, these pins ride on a series of ball bearings contained in a special aluminum ball cage that permits the bearings to rotate without falling out. These pins have several advantages. First, friction is reduced so the die can run at faster speeds without generating excessive friction and heat. Second, they allow the 洛陽理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） 39 diemaker to separate the upper and lower die shoes easily. Third, because they use ball bearings, they can be manufactured with greater accuracy than frictio