【導(dǎo)讀】器、差速器、車輪傳動(dòng)裝置和橋殼等組成?；蜍嚿碇g的垂直力、縱向力和橫向力，以及制動(dòng)力矩和反作用力矩等。驅(qū)動(dòng)橋分?jǐn)嚅_式和非斷開式兩類。斷開式驅(qū)動(dòng)橋--為了提高汽車行駛平順性。相應(yīng)，主減速殼固定在車架上。驅(qū)動(dòng)橋殼應(yīng)制成分段并通過鉸鏈連接，這種驅(qū)動(dòng)。故稱這種驅(qū)動(dòng)橋?yàn)榉菙嚅_式驅(qū)動(dòng)橋，亦稱為整體式驅(qū)動(dòng)橋。本次設(shè)計(jì)為中型貨車驅(qū)動(dòng)橋設(shè)計(jì)。驅(qū)動(dòng)橋設(shè)計(jì)的是否合理直接關(guān)系到汽車使用性能的好壞。選擇適當(dāng)?shù)闹鳒p速比，以保證汽車具有最佳的動(dòng)力性和燃油經(jīng)濟(jì)性。外廓尺寸小，保證汽車具有足夠的離地間隙，以滿足通過性要求。齒輪及其他傳動(dòng)件工作平穩(wěn)，噪聲小。在各種載荷和轉(zhuǎn)速工況下，具有較高的傳動(dòng)效率。乘用車、質(zhì)量較小的商用車都采用單級(jí)主減速器，它具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、質(zhì)。主動(dòng)齒輪軸線相對(duì)從動(dòng)齒輪軸線在空間偏移一定距離，這個(gè)距離稱為偏移距。于的存在，使主動(dòng)齒輪螺旋角大于從動(dòng)齒輪的螺旋角。根據(jù)嚙合面上法向力相等，

　　

【正文】 將以這篇畢業(yè)論文劃上一個(gè)句號(hào)，回首這段畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)過程，心中滿是感恩之情，在此特地表達(dá)誠(chéng)摯的謝意。 在本設(shè)計(jì)完成之際，我要對(duì)多年幫助我的老師、同學(xué)和朋友表示忠心的感謝，是他們的關(guān)心和幫助給了我很 大的動(dòng)力，讓我更加順利的完成這次設(shè)計(jì)。 我要感謝我的指導(dǎo)教師 XXX 老師。從設(shè)計(jì)題目的選擇到設(shè)計(jì)的完成，張老師都滲透了不少心血。他的治學(xué)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)膽B(tài)度、謙虛扎實(shí)的工作作風(fēng)使我深受教育和啟迪，讓我深深感覺到教師的偉大。在每一次答疑的時(shí)候，他總是耐心地給我解答并將問題擴(kuò)展開來，讓我對(duì)其能夠真正的理解和掌握，讓我學(xué)到了好多知識(shí)，從中我看到了他淵博的知識(shí)和豐富的實(shí)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)。最后說聲， XXX 老師，您辛苦了！ 最后，我要感謝我的同學(xué)和朋友。他們每天都和我一樣忙著畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)，但 我有不會(huì)的地方請(qǐng)教時(shí)，他們馬上放下自己的設(shè)計(jì)幫我解除 困雉。在這次設(shè)計(jì)即將完成之際，我要忠心的謝謝你們！ 附 錄 1 Differential and Rear Axles The differential is part of the rearaxlehousing assembly, which includes the differential, rear axles, wheels, and bearings. If the car were to be driven in a straight line without having to make turns, then no differential would be necessary. However, when the car rounds a turn, the outer wheel must travel farther than the inner wheel. The differential permits the two rear wheels to rotate different amounts when the car goes around a turn, while still delivering power to both rear wheels. The rear axles are attached to the wheels and have bevel side gears on their inner ends. The differential case is assembled on the left axle but can rotate on a bearing independently of the differential case supports the differentialpinion gear on a shaft, and this gear meshes with the two bevel gears. The ring gear is attached to the differential case so that the case rotates with the ring gear when the later is driven by the drive driving power enters the differential through the drive pinion on the end of the propeller shaft. The drive pinion is meshed with a large ring gear so that the ring gear revolves with the pinion. Attached to the ring gear through the differential case is a differentialpinion shaft on which are assembled two differentialpinion gears. Each rear car wheel has a separate axle, and there are two side gears splined to the inner ends of the two wheel axles. The two differentialpinion gears mesh with these two side gears. When the car is on a straight road, the two differentialpinion gears do not rotate on the pinion shaft, but they do exert pressure on the two side gears so that the side gears turn at the same speed as the ring gear, causing both rear wheels to turn at the same speed, differential case is supported in the carrier by two taperedroller side bearings. This assembly can be adjusted from side to side to provide the proper backlash between the ring gear and pinion and the required side bearing preload. This adjustment is achieved by threaded bearing adjusters on some units and the placement of selective shims and spacers on others. The differential case is supported in the carrier by two taperedroller side bearings. This assembly can be adjusted from side to side to provide the proper backlash between the ring gear and pinion and the required side bearing preload. This adjustment is achieved by threaded bearing adjusters on some units and the placement of selective shims and spacers on others. Transaxle final drive gears provide the means for transmitting transmission output torque to the differential section of the transaxle. The differential section of the transaxle has the same ponents as the differential gears in a RWD axle and basically operate in the same way. The power flow in transversely mounted power trains is in line with the wheels and therefore the differential unit does not need to turn the power 90 degrees. When the car rounds a curve, the outer wheel must turn faster than the inner wheel. To permit this, the two pinion gears rotate on their pinion shaft, transmitting more turning movement to the outer side gear than to the inner side gear. Thus, the side gear on the outerwheel axle turns more rapidly than the side gear on the innerwheel axle. This permits the outer wheel to turn more rapidly while the car is rounding the are two basic types of axle: dead axles and live axle. The dead axle does not rotate。 the wheel rotates on it. A mon example is the axle on a horse drawn wagon. Live axles are attached to the wheel so that both the wheel and the axle rotate together. Live axles are classified according to the manner in which they are supported: semifloating, threequarterfloating, and fullfloating. Propeller Shaft and Universal Joint The propeller shaft is a drive shaft to carry the power from the transmission to the rearwheel axles. It connects the transmission main, shaft carries through the propeller shaft to the differential at the rear axles. Rotary motion of the transmission main shaft carries through the propeller shaft to the differential, causing the rear wheels to rotate. The propellershaft design must take two facts into consideration. First, the engine and transmission are more or less rigidly attached to the car frame. Second, the rearaxle housing with wheels and differential is attached to the frame by springs. As the rear wheels encounter irregularities in the road, the springs press or expand. This changes the angle of drive and the distance between the transmission and the differential, and the propeller shaft may take care of these two changes. That is to say, as the rear axle housing, with differential and wheels, moves up and down, the angel between the transmission output shaft changes. The reason the propeller shaft shortens as the angel increases is that the rear axle and differential move in a shorter arc than the propeller shaft. The center point of the axlehousing arc is the rearspring or controlarm attachment to the frame. In order that the propeller shaft may take care of these two changes, it must incorporate two separate types of device. There must be one or more universal joints to permit variations in the angel of drive. There must also be a slip joint that permits the effective length of the propeller shaft to change. The propeller shaft may be solid or hollow, protected by an outer tube or exposed. Some applicatio