【正文】 ass) (4)按特定的特征來選擇 (Select by Specifying Characteristics) 顏色 碳黑 紅 , 藍 , 黃 清潔劑 洗碗機 , 布 洗碗機 39。Mama lemon39。 布料 39。Zapp* 二、采 購 (Purchasing) 要點 ? 總覽 (Overview) ? 采購請求 (PR:Purchase Requisition) ? 詢價 (RFQ:Request for Quotation) ? 采購訂單 (PO:Purchase Order) ? 框架協(xié)議 (Outlien Agreement) ? 計劃協(xié)議和交貨計劃 () (Scheduling Agreement Delivery Schedule) 采購 (Purchasing) – 是工業(yè)和管理中用到的術(shù)語，代表獲取 物料、供應(yīng)和服務(wù) 的功能和職責(zé) . (The term used in Industry and Management to denote the function of and the responsibility for procuring materials,supplies and services.) 采購業(yè)務(wù)周期 (Procurement Cycle) 確定需求 (Determine Requirements) MM 物料管理 . 確定供應(yīng)資源 (Determine Source of Supply) 選擇供應(yīng)商 (Select Vendor) 處理采購憑證 Process PO Doc. 監(jiān)控采購憑證 Monitor PO Doc. 收貨及管理庫存 Receices Goods Manage Inventory 校驗發(fā)票 (Verify Invoice) MRP物料需求計劃 必須為采購活動分配相應(yīng)人員 (Staff must be assigned for handling procurement activities) P u rcha singg ro u p 1P u rcha singg ro u p 2P u rcha singg ro u p 3P u rch a sin gO rg aniza tionA工廠 1 工廠 2 工廠 3 采購組織 A 采購組 1 采購組 2 采購組 3 Plant 1 Plant 2 Plant 3 支持不同的采購憑證類型 . (Various types of purchasing documents are supported) ? 采購請求 (Purchasie Requisition) ? 詢價 (RFQ:Request for Quotation) ? 報價 (Quotation) ? 采購訂單 (Purchase Order) ? 合同 (Contract) ? 供應(yīng)商計劃協(xié)議 (Vendor Scheduling Agreement) ? 發(fā)票 (Invoice) SAP 采購目的 : (SAP purchasing can be used for procurement of:) ? 原材料 (Raw Materials) ? 備件 (Spare Parts) ? 半成品 (Semifinished Products) ? 服務(wù) (Services) ? 資產(chǎn) (Assets) 采購憑證的結(jié)構(gòu) (Structure of a Purchasing document) 憑證抬頭 (Document Header) 一般文本 (GeneralText) 抬頭數(shù)據(jù) (Header Data) 項目數(shù)據(jù) (Item Data) 項目 1 文本 價格 數(shù)據(jù) 項目 2 項目 3 (Item) ?Logistics?Materials management?Purchasing?Purchase order… (ME21/22/23) 便利的手工數(shù)據(jù)輸入 (Facilities for Manual Data Entry) ? 直接創(chuàng)建 (Create Directly) ? 帶參考的創(chuàng)建 (Create with Reference) 輸出和打印 (Output Printing) EDI 電子數(shù)據(jù)交換 ? 憑證 (Document) ?報價 (Quotations) ?采購訂單 (Purchase Order ?? Delivery Instruction ?框架協(xié)議 (Outline Agreement) ?借項憑證和貸項憑證 (Credit and Debit Memos) 電報 打印輸出 郵件 傳真 采購申請 (Purchase Requisition) 采購請求處理過程 MRP 直接輸入 (Direct Input) 供應(yīng)商 (Vendor) 過程 (Release Procedure) 框架協(xié)議 (Outline Agreement) 建立采購請求 確定供應(yīng)資源 批準 分配并處理 建立采購請求 (Create PR) 確定供應(yīng)資源 (Determine Source of Supply) 批準 (Release) 分配并處理 (Allocate and Process) (Process Purchase Requisition) 會計科目分配 (Account Assignment) 不參考會計科目類別 (W/O Account Catagory) 物料 (Material) 自動分配會計科目 (從主數(shù)據(jù)中取得 ) Automatic Account Assignment (Taken from Master Record) 會計科目分配 (Account Assignment) 存貨會計科目 (Stock Accoutn) 耗用會計科目 資產(chǎn)會計科目等等 . (Consumption Account ,Asset Account, etc) 手工分配會計科目 (Manual Account Assignment) 輸入會計科目類別 (Enter Account Catalogy) 參考會計科目類別 (With Account Catagory) 會計科目類別 (Account Catagory) A:資產(chǎn) (Asset) C:銷售訂單 (Sales Order) F:生產(chǎn)訂單 (Production Order) K:成本中心 (Cost Center) P:項目 (Project) U:未知的會計科目分配 (Unknown Account Assignment) … Account assignment category: Key specifying whether accounting for an item is to be effected via anauxiliary account (for example a cost center). Use: The account assignment category determines which account assignment data(for example, cost center, account number etc.) are necessary for the item.(用來確定相應(yīng) Item應(yīng)歸屬于哪個會計科目 ) 手工建立一個采購請求 PR ( Create a PR Manually, Tcode:ME51/52/53 Table:EBAN) 維護屏幕中的所有數(shù)據(jù) (Maintain Item Dta on Overview SCreen) 如果需要，維護會計科目分配 (Maintain Acctount Assignment If Required) 檢查數(shù)據(jù) (Check Data) 完成初始化屏幕 Complete Initial Screen 保存 (Save) 下達 /批準采購請求 (Release/Approve Purchase Requisition) 采購請求的批準 (Approval for Purchase Requisition Tcode:ME54:Release PR, MD04) ? SAP 允許在線批準采購請求（ PR) ? 僅僅批準的采購請求可以轉(zhuǎn)化為采購訂單 ? 采購訂單的批準 批準過程 (Release Procedure) 批準條件 (Release Conditions) 價值 (Value) 物料組 (Material Group) 會計科目分配類別 (Account Assignment Category) 工廠 (Plant) 批準標志 (Release Indicator) 訂單的批準 /凍結(jié) (Release/Block for Order) 采購請求的批準 /凍結(jié) (Release/Block for RFQ) 批準策略 (Release Strategy) 批準點的數(shù)量 (Number of Rel. Points) 批準點的順序 (Sequence of Rel. Points) 批準標志 (Release Indicator) 演講完畢，謝謝觀看！