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現(xiàn)代企業(yè)價值評估與價值管理分析-資料下載頁

2025-01-16 06:49本頁面
  

【正文】 率 5% 6% 5% 6% Sales1 銷售收入 1 $1,050 $1,060 $1,050 $1,060 NOPAT1稅后凈營業(yè)利潤 1 $63 $ $42 $ EROIC0預(yù)計的投資收益 % % % % MVA市場附加值 () () 12 38 Analysis of Growth Strategies 銷售增長戰(zhàn)略的分析 ? The expected ROIC of Division A is less than the WACC, so the division should postpone growth efforts until it improves EROIC by reducing capital requirements (., reducing inventory) and/or improving profitability. A部門的預(yù)計投資收益要低于加權(quán)平均資金成本,所以該部門應(yīng)推遲采取銷售增長 策略,等到其通過減少資金占用(例如減少存貨)而改善預(yù)計投資收益,以及 /或改善獲利能力以后再采取相應(yīng)行動。 ? The expected ROIC of Division B is greater than the WACC, so the division should continue with its growth plans. B部門的預(yù)計投資收益要高于加權(quán)平均資金成本,所以該部門應(yīng)續(xù)執(zhí)行銷售增長計劃。 12 39 Two Primary Mechanisms of Corporate Governance 公司治理的兩個基本機制 ? “ Stick” “大棒” ? Provisions in the charter that affect takeovers. 公司章程中影響接管的條款 ? Composition of the board of directors. 董事會的構(gòu)成 ? “Carrot: Compensation plans. “胡蘿卜”:補償計劃 12 40 Entrenched Management 僵化管理 ? Occurs when there is little chance that poorly performing managers will be replaced. 如果業(yè)績不好的經(jīng)理被替換的可能性很小,那么就會出現(xiàn)僵化管理。 ? Two causes: 兩個原因: ? Antitakeover provisions in the charter 公司章程中的反接管條款 ? Weak board of directors 董事會軟弱 12 41 How are entrenched managers harmful to shareholders? 難以觸動的經(jīng)理人員如何損害股東的利益? ? Management consumes perks: 管理層享受額外待遇: ? Lavish offices and corporate jets 豪華的辦公室和企業(yè)公務(wù)飛機 ? Excessively large staffs 龐大、臃腫的員工隊伍 ? Memberships at country clubs 鄉(xiāng)村俱樂部的成員資格 ? Management accepts projects (or acquisitions) to make firm larger, even if MVA goes down. 管理層接受某些項目(或收購某些項目),使得公司規(guī)模越來越大,即使市場增加價值 MVA越來越低。 12 42 AntiTakeover Provisions 反接管條款 ? Targeted share repurchases (., greenmail) 有目的的回購股票(例如綠色郵件) ? Shareholder rights provisions (., poison pills) 股東權(quán)利條款(例如毒丸術(shù)) ? Restricted voting rights plans 限制投票權(quán)計劃 12 43 Board of Directors董事會 ? Weak boards have many insiders (., those who also have another position in the pany) pared with outsiders. 在軟弱的董事會中,企業(yè)內(nèi)部人員(也就是同時在公司中擁有其他職務(wù)的那些人)的數(shù)量與企業(yè)外部人員的數(shù)量相比太多。 ? Interlocking boards are weaker (CEO of pany A sits on board of pany B, CEO of B sits on board of A). 內(nèi)部鎖定董事( A公司的首席執(zhí)行官同時任 B公司的董事,而 B公司的首席執(zhí)行官也兼任 A公司的董事 ) 過多的董事會比較軟弱。 12 44 Stock Options in Compensation Plans 補償計劃中的股票期權(quán) ? Gives owner of option the right to buy a share of the pany’s stock at a specified price (called the exercise price) even if the actual stock price is higher. 給予期權(quán)擁有者以一定的價格(執(zhí)行價格)購買該公司股票的權(quán)利,即使該股票的實際市場價格高于執(zhí)行價格。 ? Usually can’t exercise the option for several years (called the vesting period). 期權(quán)擁有者通常在幾年內(nèi)(稱為授予期或等待期)不能行使該權(quán)利。 12 45 Stock Options (Cont.) 股票期權(quán)(續(xù)) ? Can’t exercise the option after a certain number of years (called the expiration, or maturity, date). 在約定時間(稱為有效期或到期日)后不能行使該權(quán)利。
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