【正文】 按交際用途分） 陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、 THEREBE存在句 II、 句子類型（按句子結構分） 簡單句、并列句、復合句、并列復合句 提 綱 I、 句子種類（按交際用途分） 陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、 感嘆句、 THEREBE存在句 陳述句 說明一個事實或陳述一個看法，有肯定式和否定式，語序是主語在前，謂語在后。 She arrived early. She cannot have arrived now. 注： 1） 半否定句 (hardly, scarcely, little, few) I hardly know anything about it. 2） 部分否定句 與 全否定句 I don’t like both the films. I like neither Cathy nor Mary. 3)否定轉移 I don’t think it will be very cold today. (believe, expect, suppose,imagine) I、句子種類 疑問句 有一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、選擇疑問句、反義疑問句。 I、句子種類 1）一般疑問句 用來詢問一件事，答案通常是 yes或 no， 注意語序。 Have you anything to say? Did someone phone me last night? Can’t you understand it? Isn’t it a beautiful lake? Haven’t you been to the UK? No, I haven’t. 2）特殊疑問句 疑問詞有who,whose,what,which,where,when,why,how等。 I、句子種類 （ 1）陳述語序 Who was the first man in space? （ 2） 倒裝語序 Who are you talking about? 注： A、 簡略式 Why not go alone? Why get so angry? How/What about taking a rest? B、 復雜特殊疑問句 What do you think he has done? I、句子種類 3）選擇疑問句 (1)以一般疑問句為基礎 Is he a teacher or a doctor or a policeman? Shall I help you or can you manage? (2)以特殊疑問句為基礎 Which do you prefer, red wine or white? How shall we go there, by bus or by train? I、句子種類 4）反義疑問句 hardly knows French, doesn’t he? 2.— Mary didn39。t fail her exam, did she? 祈使句 表達命令、要求、請求、勸告等，用原形。 I、句子種類 1）帶第二人稱的祈使句 Be quiet, please. Don’t make any noise! You call a taxi. Don’t you fet it.(強調 ) Give me a hand, will/won’t/would/wouldn’ you? 2）帶第一、三人稱的祈使句 Let me try again. Let’s go. Let us go. Let’s not say anything about it./Don’t let’s say… Let him be here by 10 o’clock. I、句子種類 祈使句 注意： 加強語氣 Do be careful of my broken leg. Do let me have another try. 2 、 祈使句的省略式 A:Shall I open the window? B:Yes, please do./ No, please don’t. A:Shall we watch the game? B:Yes, let’s. 感嘆句 由 what 或 how引導的，表示驚奇、憤怒、贊賞、喜悅等。 I、句子種類 What a cute baby it is! What fine weather we have today! What a good time we had last night! How foolish she is! How clearly you speak! How clever a boy he is! I、句子種類 THEREBE存在句 There is a clock on the table. Once there lived a king called Lear. There goes the bell! Here e the bus. Here he es. There used to be a village at the foot of the mountain. There is certain to be a heavy rain tonight. There seems to be some misunderstanding. There is a baby crying in the next door. There being no bus, we had to walk home. II、 句子類型（按句子結構分） 簡單句、并列句、復合句、并列復合句 二、句子類型 簡單句 只包含一個主謂結構，個個成分都是單詞或短語的句子。 All roads lead to Rome. He got up, dressed quickly, washed himself and went out. Is he a superman? Don’t be shy. Have a try. The man dressed in black seems to be a spy. 二、句子類型 并列句 包含兩個或更多互不依從的主謂結構，分句由并列連詞 and,then,but,or,or else,so,for,while,when。both… and,either… or,neither… nor,not only… ,but also,as well as等來連接。 He is a basketball fan, and his wife is a volleyball fan. Honey is sweet, but the bee stings. Don’t be late, for there is a meeting. Hurry up, or you’ll be late. He works hard while his brother is a lazy bone. He was enjoying his KFC when a friend came. 二、句子類型 復合句 復合句的某個成分，如主語、賓語、表語、同位語、定語、狀語等，由另一個句子承當。 （ 1）名詞性從句 主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句統(tǒng)稱為名詞性從句。 賓語從句注意事項： 引導詞、語序、時態(tài)呼應、語態(tài) 。 主語 /表語 /同位從句注意事項： 引導詞、語序、語態(tài) 。 注意： whether與 if的區(qū)別； 陳述句變來的名詞性從句由什么引導。那么，一 般疑問句、特殊疑問句、選擇疑問句、感嘆句變 來的呢？ 二、句子類型 復合句 （ 2）定語從句 =先行詞 +引導詞 +其它。 引導詞的選用取決于： 1）先行詞； 2）先行詞的修飾語； 3）引導詞在定語 從句中的成分。 注意：定語從句中的主謂一致； 復合句 (3)狀語從句 即用作狀語的分句 ,可作下列狀語： 時間（ after,before,as,when,while,since,till,until, whenever,as long as,as soon as。the moment,every time,next time。no sooner… than,hardly… when ）； 地點（ where,wherever） ； 方式（ as,as if,as though） ； 程度（ as… as, more than,so… that,such… that） ； 二、句子類型 原因（ because,since,as,now that,that） ； 結果（ ,so that,so… that,such… that） ； 目的（ so that,in order that,in case） ； 條件（ if,unless） ； 讓步（ though,although,even if,even though,in spite of the fact that ,whenever,wherever,whoever,whichever, However,no matter how,whether） 。 二、句子類型 (3)狀語從句