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最新畢業(yè)設(shè)計pwm交流變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng)-資料下載頁

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【正文】 變電路本身產(chǎn)生的干擾?! ≡诳刂齐娐分校夭扇×巳缦驴垢蓴_措施:電源系統(tǒng)抗干擾措施:在電源輸入端加設(shè)電源濾波器,電源變壓器則采用屏蔽變壓器,直流穩(wěn)壓源部分則分別采用78及79系列三端穩(wěn)壓模塊并加以前后級的濾波電容;過程通道抗干擾措施:在輸入輸出口中全部采用高速光電耦合器件來切斷外圍模擬電路與單片機(jī)數(shù)字電路之間電路上的聯(lián)系,而所有傳輸導(dǎo)線均采用雙絞線;線路板抗干擾措施:設(shè)計印制電路板時,在元器件的布置上將數(shù)字電路 元件與模擬電路元件盡量隔開距離,并且將接地線盡量加粗,接地線構(gòu)成閉合環(huán)路;。利用MCS—98單片機(jī)的監(jiān)視定時器(Watch Dog Timer)實(shí)現(xiàn)軟件的抗干擾措施。對于本系統(tǒng)設(shè)計的12MHz時鐘頻率,可保證由于干擾而引發(fā)軟件故障時,在小于16 ms時間內(nèi)使控制系統(tǒng)自動復(fù)位?! ∮捎趶囊陨嫌布败浖煞矫娌扇×丝垢蓴_措施,得以保證了整個變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的可靠工作。 第6章 結(jié) 論本論文設(shè)計并實(shí)現(xiàn)了一套三相異步電動機(jī)的PWM變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)主要是用單片機(jī)實(shí)現(xiàn)對整個變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的檢測、控制和保護(hù)等工作??蓱?yīng)用于風(fēng)機(jī)、水泵、交流電梯等許多設(shè)備中。交流變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的硬件部分主要由單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)、整流系統(tǒng)、逆變器電路、PWM模塊、門極關(guān)斷可控硅(GTO)驅(qū)動電路、檢測保護(hù)電路及轉(zhuǎn)速測量電路等環(huán)節(jié)構(gòu)成。系統(tǒng)軟件采用模塊化程序結(jié)構(gòu),主要由主程序、控制算法字程序、系統(tǒng)初始化子程序、升降頻控制子程序、顯示鍵盤子程序等組成。軟件程序部分均采用單片機(jī)匯編語言進(jìn)行編程。本設(shè)計的主要優(yōu)點(diǎn)有: 系統(tǒng)可以保證在實(shí)時控制過程中不會產(chǎn)生浪費(fèi)機(jī)時與控制速度及檢測量等多方面的矛盾。 設(shè)計中采用了大規(guī)模集成芯片HEF4752V,HEF4752V的使用不僅使系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計得到簡化,而且還有助于提高系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的可靠性。 系統(tǒng)在保證電路電壓、電流正常,且無電流沖擊時才會啟動,并且具有過壓、過流保護(hù)。 系統(tǒng)的實(shí)時控制性好,電路簡單可靠,特別適用于中小功率的交流異步電動機(jī)的變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng)。 系統(tǒng)可以保證在實(shí)時控制過程中不會產(chǎn)生浪費(fèi)機(jī)時與控制速度及檢測量等多方面的矛盾。 設(shè)計中采用了大規(guī)模集成芯片HEF4752V,HEF4752V的使用不僅使系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計得到簡化,而且還有助于提高系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的可靠性。 系統(tǒng)在保證電路電壓、電流正常,且無電流沖擊時才會啟動,并且具有過壓、過流保護(hù)。 系統(tǒng)的實(shí)時控制性好,電路簡單可靠,特別適用于中小功率的交流異步電動機(jī)的變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng)。本人的設(shè)計一定存在不足之處,比如容易受到干擾,調(diào)頻范圍不大等缺點(diǎn)。但是總體比較上看PWM交流變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng)仍然具有較高的使用價值。 參考文獻(xiàn)[1] 梅麗鳳,王艷秋,汪毓鐸,[2] 陳堅,交流電機(jī)數(shù)字模型及調(diào)速系統(tǒng),北京:國防工業(yè)出版社,1989.[3] 李永東,脈寬調(diào)制(PWM)技術(shù)——回顧、(3):212[4] 唐光榮. 微型計算機(jī)應(yīng)用技術(shù)—數(shù)據(jù)采集與控制技術(shù)[M].北京:清華大社,2000[5] 孫涵芳,[M].北京航空航天大學(xué)出版社,1996[6] 陳伯時,電力電子器件和變頻器是現(xiàn)代惦記控制發(fā)展的先鋒,電機(jī)與控制學(xué)報,1997[7] 陳伯時,交流調(diào)速系統(tǒng)[M].北京:機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,1999.[8] [J].電子工業(yè)出版社,[9] 鄧想珍,賴壽宏,異步電動機(jī)變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng)及應(yīng)用。華中理工大學(xué)出版社[10] 王占奎. [11] [J]常州信息職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院院報,(1)[12] 江明,王偉,變頻調(diào)速技術(shù)的發(fā)展概況及趨勢,安徽工程科技學(xué)院學(xué)報,2002(4)[13] 胡崇岳,現(xiàn)代交流調(diào)速技術(shù),機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,1998,P4[14] 陳國呈,PWM變頻調(diào)速及軟開關(guān)電力變換技術(shù),機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,P3[15] 張少軍,杜金城,交流調(diào)速原理及應(yīng)用,中國電力出版社,[16] 陳堅,交流電機(jī)數(shù)學(xué)模型及調(diào)速系統(tǒng),北京,國防工業(yè)出版社,1998[17] 李永東,脈寬調(diào)制(PWM)技術(shù)回顧、現(xiàn)狀及展望,電氣傳動,1996。26(3)[18] 張幽彤,MCS8098系統(tǒng)實(shí)用大全,北京,清華大學(xué)出版社,1993[19] [英],交流電機(jī)同意理論在實(shí)際問題上的應(yīng)用,北京,機(jī)械出版社,1980[20] 張燕賓,SPWM變頻調(diào)速應(yīng)用技術(shù),機(jī)械出版社,[21] 何立民,單片機(jī)應(yīng)用技術(shù)選編,北京航天航空大學(xué)[22] 臧英杰,吳守箴,交流電機(jī)的變頻調(diào)速[23] 劉竟成,交流調(diào)速系統(tǒng),傷害交通大學(xué)出版社[24] 佟純厚,交流電動機(jī)晶閘管調(diào)速系統(tǒng),機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社[25] Cheriti A, Rugged Soft Commutated PWM Inventer for AC PESC’.[26] Bose BK. Power Electronics and Motion Control Technology Status and Recent Trends。IEEE,1993,IA29:902~909[27] . A PWM Inverter Algorithm for Adjustable Speed AC Drive Using a Nonconstant Vottage Source. IEEE [28] 16Bit Embedded Controller Handbook. INTEL [29] . The Drive Circuit for The IGBT Inverter. Project ReportDept of Compamp。 Elecrti. Eng. HeriotWatt [30] P. Tenti. AC/DC/AC PWM Convertor with Minimum Energy Sturage in the DC ’93[31] . Analysis of A PWM AC/DC Voltage Source Converter Under Predicted Current Control with Fixed Switching ’90[32] . yokoyama. Comparision of Five Different Approaches for Real Time Digital Feedback Control of PWM ’90 Record,PP,10011009 致 謝經(jīng)過四個月的畢業(yè)設(shè)計,不僅對已學(xué)過知識進(jìn)行了鞏固,而且又學(xué)到了很多書本上沒有的知識,能夠?qū)⒗碚撆c實(shí)際相結(jié)合,并且把四年所學(xué)知識靈活的運(yùn)用。 通過查閱資料、請教老師以及與同學(xué)之間的相互討論,我的畢業(yè)設(shè)計可以劃上一個圓滿的句號。在此,首先向我的指導(dǎo)老師王亞君老師致以最誠摯的謝意!本篇論文是在王亞君老師精心的指導(dǎo)下完成的。她淵博的專業(yè)知識、豐富的實(shí)踐工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)、誨人不倦的育人精神和忘我的工作精神都給我留下了極其深刻的印象。正是她的言傳身教激勵我克服了在做畢業(yè)論文期間遇到的一個又一個困難。最后,特別的感謝王景利老師對我?guī)椭?!由于本人的水平有限,加上時間的倉促,設(shè)計中難免有疏漏和錯誤之處,希望老師給與諒解,同時也希望老師加以批改和指正,使我在以后的學(xué)習(xí)和工作中取得更大的成績。 附錄Ⅰ英文資料Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) BasicsThere are many forms of modulation used for municating information. When a high frequency signal has an amplitude varied in response to a lower frequency signal we have AM (amplitude modulation). When the signal frequency is varied in response to the modulating signal we have FM (frequency modulation. These signals are used for radio modulation because the high frequency carrier signal is needs for efficient radiation of the signal. When munication by pulses was introduced, the amplitude, frequency and pulse width bee possible modulation options. In many power electronic converters where the output voltage can be one of two values the only option is modulation of average conduction time. Fig 1 modulated, sine modulated pulses1. Linear ModulationThe simplest modulation to interpret is where the average ON time of the pulses varies proportionally with the modulating signal. The advantage of linear processing for this application lies in the ease of demodulation. The modulating signal can be recovered from the PWM by low pass filtering. For a single low frequency sine wave as modulating signal modulating the width of a fixed frequency (fs) pulse train the spectra is as shown in Fig 2. Clearly a low pass filter can extract the modulating ponent fm. Fig 2 Spectra of PWM2. Saw PWMThe simplest analog form of generating fixed frequency PWM is by parison with a linear slope waveform such as a saw. As seen in Fig 2 the output signal goes high when the sine wave is higher than the saw. This is implemented using a puter whose output goes to a logic HIGH when one input is greater than the other. Fig 3 Sine Saw PWMOther signals with straight edges can be used for modulation a rising ramp carrier will generate PWM with Trailing Edge Modulation. Fig 4 Trailing Edge Modulation It is easier to have an integrator with a reset to generate the ramp in Fig 4 but the modulation is inferior to double edge modulation.3. Regular Sampled PWMThe scheme illustrated above generates a switching edge at the instant of crossing of the sine wave and the triangle. This is an easy scheme to implement using analog electronics , but suffers the imprecision and drift of all analog putation as well as having difficulties of generating multiple edges when the signal has even a small added noise. Many modulators are now implemented digitally but there is difficulty is puting the precise intercept of the modulating wave and the carrier. Regular sampled PWM makes the width of the pulse proportional to the value of the modulating signal at the beginning of the carrier period. In Fig 5 the intercept of the sample values with the triangle determine the edges of the Pulses. For a saw wave of frequency fs the samples are at 2fs.Fig 5 Regular Sampled PWM There are many ways to generate a Pulse Width Mo
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