【正文】 urn of the century, they have bee a very important factor in shaping developments in higher education and the arts. Think tanks and university research institutes are nonprofit organizations that have been developed to provide settings for experts in various academic disciplines. In this way, they may devote their time to the study of policy alternatives free from the teaching and departmental duties that are part of the daily routine for most members of the academic munity. Supported by foundation grants and government contracts, they are a major source of the new ideas that are discussed in the policy formation groups.【參考譯文】 基金會(huì)是無(wú)須納稅的機(jī)構(gòu)，設(shè)立基金會(huì)是為個(gè)人和非贏利性組織從事從教育、研究和藝術(shù)到援助人、保護(hù)有異國(guó)情調(diào)的園林和古老宅第等活動(dòng)提供資助?；饡?huì)為富人和大公司提供一個(gè)辦法，可由他們實(shí)際決定怎樣去花掉稅款，因?yàn)榛饡?huì)靠的是在不設(shè)立基金的情況下本應(yīng)作為稅收繳納給政府的錢(qián)。本世紀(jì)（20世紀(jì)）初，基金會(huì)發(fā)端時(shí)其數(shù)量不多，到現(xiàn)在已成為決定高等教育和藝術(shù)發(fā)展的一個(gè)非常重要的因素。 智囊團(tuán)和大學(xué)研究所是非贏利性組織，成立這樣的組織是為了給各個(gè)學(xué)科的專(zhuān)家提供舞臺(tái)，使他們能擺脫教學(xué)和系里的工作，集中時(shí)間進(jìn)行政策抉擇方面的研究，而對(duì)于學(xué)術(shù)界大部分成員來(lái)說(shuō)，教學(xué)和系里的工作是他們?nèi)粘９ぷ鞯囊徊糠?。智囊團(tuán)和大學(xué)研究所靠基金會(huì)的資助和政府合同獲得資金，它們是在政策制訂小組里討論的新思想的主要發(fā)源地。中譯英 我總以為，在中國(guó)效率最高的會(huì)議要數(shù)學(xué)校召集的家長(zhǎng)會(huì)。家長(zhǎng)會(huì)完全符合“廉政建設(shè)”的要求，與會(huì)的家長(zhǎng)絕不會(huì)像參加行業(yè)、單位的一些會(huì)議，先看看會(huì)議地點(diǎn)是不是設(shè)在風(fēng)景旅游區(qū)，會(huì)后發(fā)不發(fā)紀(jì)念品之類(lèi)，然后方?jīng)Q定是否參加。其他會(huì)議都難得準(zhǔn)時(shí)，惟有家長(zhǎng)會(huì)絕對(duì)正點(diǎn)召開(kāi)。在家長(zhǎng)會(huì)上，家長(zhǎng)們個(gè)個(gè)全神貫注地傾聽(tīng)、記錄，生怕漏掉一點(diǎn)內(nèi)容。不少會(huì)議都可列入可開(kāi)可不開(kāi)之列，但對(duì)于學(xué)校和家長(zhǎng)而言，家長(zhǎng)會(huì)則是必不可少的?！緟⒖甲g文】 I always believe that the most efficient meeting in China is the parents’ meeting called by the school. The parents’ meeting, is in full conformity with the requirements for the “building of an honest and clean government”. With respect to meetings organized by a certain trade or the unit where one works, the person wants to know whether the venue of a meeting is in a scenic area frequented by tourists and whether gifts of souvenirs will be handed out after the meeting before he decides whether to go or not to go. But for the parents’ meeting, nobody will ever think of that. While other meetings are rarely convened on time, the parents’ meeting invariably starts with punctuality. At the parents’ meeting, every parent listens and takes notes with rapt attention lest he or she might miss anything. For many meetings, it does not really matter whether they are to be held or not, but to the school and the parents, the parents’ meeting is absolutely necessary.02年9月英譯中 If the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) thinks it can largely curtail the nation’s terrorism problems by focusing on college students, we all should worry. Identification cards already are required here for most persons to enter their workplace, take an airplane flight or go into a public building, including my campus library. The idea of a national ID, however, was knocked out of earlier drafts of legislation by a coalition of civil rights and ethnic groups, who opposed a requirement that all noncitizens carry identifying documents. In some degree, they have a point. We must fact the fact—and benefit from realizing—that no one can drive, or fly, or enter many private and public buildings without a picture ID, usually a driver’s license or passport. That means that practically all Americans already must have what in effect is a national ID card. We already routinely screen people. If we would just make good use of the national ID cards we have—and improve them—we could enhance our safety, avoid discrimination and not spend millions on another system.【參考譯文】 如果移民歸化局認(rèn)為，它能夠通過(guò)對(duì)大學(xué)生進(jìn)行重點(diǎn)管理，大幅度地減少在美國(guó)的恐怖主義活動(dòng)，我們大家都應(yīng)當(dāng)為此擔(dān)心。 在美國(guó)，現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)人進(jìn)入工作場(chǎng)所、乘飛機(jī)或進(jìn)入公共大樓，包括我所在大學(xué)的圖書(shū)館，已經(jīng)需要出示身份證。然而，倡導(dǎo)民權(quán)的團(tuán)體和少數(shù)民族團(tuán)體反對(duì)一切非美國(guó)公民必須隨身攜帶身份證的規(guī)定，他們結(jié)成聯(lián)盟，推翻了立法的最初幾稿中關(guān)于實(shí)施全國(guó)統(tǒng)一身份證的主張。在某種程度上，他們是有道理的。 我們必須面對(duì)這一事實(shí)，并因認(rèn)識(shí)到這一事實(shí)而獲益，即每一個(gè)人駕車(chē)、乘飛機(jī)、或進(jìn)入許多私人大樓或公共大樓，都必須出示有照片的身份證，通常是駕駛執(zhí)照或護(hù)照。這意味著，實(shí)際上所有美國(guó)人早就必須持有事實(shí)上全國(guó)通用的身份證。 對(duì)人們進(jìn)行甄別，在我們這兒早就是例行公事。只要好好使用大家已持有的全國(guó)通用身份證，并加以改進(jìn)，就可以增強(qiáng)安全，避免歧視，而不必在另一個(gè)系統(tǒng)花上數(shù)百萬(wàn)美元。中譯英 到2007年，上海市人均國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值預(yù)計(jì)將達(dá)到7500美元。這一目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)，最直接的應(yīng)該是老百姓住得更寬敞、更舒適了。因?yàn)閺氖忻竦摹耙?、食、住、行”消費(fèi)來(lái)講，住房是一個(gè)重要因素，而且占了大頭。屆時(shí)，上海人均住房面積會(huì)大幅增加。除此之外，老百姓的服務(wù)性消費(fèi)，如教育、信息、旅游等消費(fèi)也會(huì)大量增長(zhǎng)。用一句話來(lái)表述，那便是未來(lái)老百姓的生活會(huì)更好，那時(shí)的老百姓的生活將和中等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的居民一樣?！緟⒖甲g文】 The per capita GDP in Shanghai is expected to reach US $7500 by 2007. The mon people should benefit most directly from the attainment of this goal. They will live more fortably in bigger space. Among the basic necessities of life—food, clothing, shelter and transportation—housing is an important element, accounting for a big portion in the money they spend. In 2007, the average per capita living space in Shanghai will increase by a big margin. In addition, the mon people’s spending on such services as education, information and traveling will grow substantially. To put it in a nutshell, in the future the mon people will live a better life, a life of the same standard as enjoyed by those in the middle ranking developed countries.03年3月英譯中If there’s a threat of dangerous deflation—a general fall in prices—the causes lie as much in Europe and Japan as in the United States. The inevitable collapse of America’s speculative boom need not have been especially damaging if the world’s other advanced economies were healthy. Their expanding appetite for imports would have bolstered the United States and socalled emerging market countries, from Brazil to South Korea. The trouble is that other advanced economies aren’t healthy. Deflation could emerge from simultaneous slumps in the world’s three major economies. Prices drop because there’s too little global demand chasing too much global supply—everything from steel to shoes. Japan’s ills are well known its banks are awash in bad loans. Less understood (at least in the United States) is the fact the Europe’s troubles stem significantly from Germany. Germany is Europe’s “sick man”, just as Japan is Asia’s. Only 15 years ago, these countries seemed poised to assume leadership of the world economy. Now they are dragging it down.【參考譯文】 如果通貨緊縮——即（消費(fèi)品）價(jià)格普遍下跌（的現(xiàn)象）——會(huì)帶來(lái)危害，歐洲、日本同樣還有美國(guó)難逃其咎。如果世界上其它發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體良好，（即使）美國(guó)投機(jī)熱不可避免地覆滅，（也）不會(huì)帶來(lái)特別的危害。那些國(guó)家熱衷于進(jìn)口，確實(shí)給美國(guó)和一些所謂新興市場(chǎng)國(guó)家如巴西、韓國(guó)打了一針強(qiáng)心劑。不過(guò)）問(wèn)題在于其它發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體并不完善。如果全球三大經(jīng)濟(jì)體同時(shí)下滑，通貨緊縮就會(huì)產(chǎn)生。從鋼鐵業(yè)到鞋業(yè)，全球需求急劇萎縮，而供給卻源源不斷，從而/這樣就會(huì)導(dǎo)致商品價(jià)格下跌。眾所周知的是，日本的癥結(jié)在于銀行不良貸款的沖擊。但有一點(diǎn)全世界（至少美國(guó)）搞不太明白，即歐洲國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題主要由德國(guó)引起。德國(guó)是歐洲的病根，就像日本是亞洲的病根一樣，