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se here。 the baby is asleep.(請(qǐng)不要發(fā)出響動(dòng),嬰兒正熟睡呢。) / I am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all!(我只是對(duì)獨(dú)坐孤舟無(wú)所事事感興趣。) / I am not alone in thinking so.(并非只有我才這樣想的。)(5) 表語(yǔ)也可以由從句充當(dāng),詳見(jiàn)“表語(yǔ)從句”。 定語(yǔ):(1) 修飾名詞或代詞的成分,常由形容詞、名詞(含所有格)、代詞(物主、指示、疑問(wèn)、不定)、介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式(短語(yǔ))充當(dāng),在初三階段還學(xué)習(xí)了定語(yǔ)從句做定語(yǔ)的知識(shí)。如:Put it in the top drawer.(把它放在最上層的抽屜里。) / France and Switzerland are European countries. (法國(guó)和瑞士是歐洲國(guó)家。) / His mother and father are both college teachers.(他的父母都是大學(xué)教師。) / This is the day that I can never forget in my life.(這是我一輩子難忘的日子。)(2) 單詞做定語(yǔ)時(shí)一般放在被修飾的名詞前面,而且有一定的次序:冠詞/物代年齡/形狀/大小/溫度/色彩/來(lái)源/質(zhì)地/材料/目的/用途被修飾的名詞(中心詞)athemyhis…old,young,…red,yellow,blue,…Chinese,English,American,…wooden,woolen,glass,silk,paper…meeting,tennis,sports,reading,swimming,…box,shoes,room,pig…long,short,round, square…big, large,small, little…h(huán)ot, cold,warm, cool… (3) 時(shí)間副詞(now,then,today,yesterday,...)、地點(diǎn)副詞(here,there,back,in,out,home,...作定語(yǔ)時(shí)放在被修飾的名詞后面。如:I could not find my way out, so I stayed there all along. (我找不到出去的路,所以就一直呆在那兒。)(4) 介詞短語(yǔ)修飾名詞時(shí)只能放在名詞的后面:The monkey in the cage was caught yesterday. (籠子里的猴子是昨天逮著的。)(5) 形容詞修飾復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí),往往后置。如:He remembered everything unusual. (他記得所有不尋常的事情。)(6) 定語(yǔ)還可以用從句充當(dāng),詳見(jiàn) 定語(yǔ)從句。(7) 注意:由于定語(yǔ)屬于修飾性的成分,因此它常歸入主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)之中,不作為句子的主要成分。 狀語(yǔ):(1) 說(shuō)明動(dòng)作“何時(shí)”、“何地”、“如何”發(fā)生,或者說(shuō)明形容詞或副詞的程度,一般由副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式、狀語(yǔ)從句等充當(dāng)。如:I was not born yesterday.(我又不是昨天才出世的娃娃。)/ For many of these families a college education was something new.(對(duì)其中的許多家庭來(lái)說(shuō),大學(xué)教育是件新事物。)/ He woke up to find his house on fire.(他醒來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)房子著火了。) / You cannot leave until your work is finished.(在你的工作被完成以前你不能離開(kāi))(2) 副詞作狀語(yǔ)位置較為靈活。介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ),位置基本固定;不定式作狀語(yǔ),一般表示目的、結(jié)果;從句作狀語(yǔ). (3) 多個(gè)狀語(yǔ)相連時(shí),一般先單詞、后短語(yǔ),先地點(diǎn)、后時(shí)間,先小概念、后大概念。如:He went ouf of the room at a quarter to 23:00 last night and then disappeared into the dark.(他昨夜22點(diǎn)3刻從房間里出來(lái),然后消失在黑暗之中。) / (4) 狀語(yǔ)還可以用從句來(lái)充當(dāng),有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句、原因狀語(yǔ)從句、目的狀語(yǔ)從句、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句、比較狀語(yǔ)從句、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句、條件狀語(yǔ)從句等。詳見(jiàn)“狀語(yǔ)從句”。 (5) 注意:由于狀語(yǔ)屬于修飾性的成分,常歸入謂語(yǔ),因此不作為句子的主要成分。 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ):(1) 補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)的成分為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),常由名詞、形容詞、動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)形式(不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞等)、介詞短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)。如:Call him Jim, please. (請(qǐng)叫他Jim。) / I tried my best to make him happy. (我竭盡所能讓他開(kāi)心。) / Ask her to e to dinner tomorrow. (請(qǐng)他明天來(lái)。) / He let the smaller animals bring food to him. (他讓小動(dòng)物們給他帶食物來(lái)。) (2) 部分表示位置、方向的副詞也可以作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。如:Let him in, I tell you! (我跟你說(shuō),讓他進(jìn)來(lái)!)/ Please put it away. (請(qǐng)把它收起來(lái)。) (3) 不定式或分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)9