【正文】 prices have increased only modestly ,opponents of the measure note that Pine County adopted restrictions on the development of new residential housing fifteen years ago,and its housing prices have since more than council currently predicts that the proposed measure,if passed,will result in a significant increase in housing prices in Maple County.Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the prediction and the argument on which it is based are sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the prediction.Maple County理事會擔心Maple County會發(fā)展過度該理事會正在討論一個限制縣里現(xiàn)有農田開發(fā)的建議措施。但是理事會同樣擔心這種對新住房供給的限制可能會導致該縣房價的猛漲。該措施的支持者們指出十年前Chestnut County制定了一個相似的措施后來那里的房屋價格只是有限得上漲了一些。但是該措施的反對者們也指出十五年前Pine County對其新建住宅的發(fā)展進行了限制后來那里的房價上漲了不止一倍。理事會預測該建議如果被通過將導致Maple County的房價猛漲。[說明寫一篇文章闡述一些需要回答的問題以判斷論證過程以及建立在此論證過程基礎上的預測是否合理。一定要解釋這些問題的答案如何幫助我們評價這個預測。]12)Fifteen years ago,Omega University implemented a new procedure that encouraged students to evaluate the teaching effectiveness of all their that time,Omega professors have begun to assign higher grades in their classes,and overall student grade averages at Omega have risen by 30 employers,looking at this dramatic rise in grades,believe that grades at Omega are inflated and do not accurately reflect student achievement。as a result,Omega graduates have not been as successful at getting jobs as have graduates from nearby Alpha enable its graduates to secure better jobs,Omega University should terminate student evaluation of professors.Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.15年前，Omega大學實施了一項新措施，鼓勵學生對所有教授的教學效果進行評價。從那以后，Omega的教授開始給予學生更高的分數(shù)，Omega的學生成績總平均上升了30％。未來的雇主顯然認為Omega的分數(shù)貶值了，無法反映出學生的真實能力。因此，Omega的畢業(yè)生找工作時沒有鄰近的Alpha大學畢業(yè)生成功。為使Omega畢業(yè)生找到好工作，我們應立即停止學生對教授的評價。13)In an attempt to improve highway safety,Prunty County last year lowered its speed limit from 55 to 45 miles per hour on all county this effort has failed:the number of accidents has not decreased,and,based on reports by the highway patrol,many drivers are exceeding the speed County should instead undertake the same kind of road improvement project that Butler County pleted five years ago:increasing lane widths,resurfacing rough highways,and improving visibility at dangerous ,major Butler County roads still have a 55 mph speed limit,yet there were 25 percent fewer reported accidents in Butler County this past year than there were five years ago.Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.為了提升高速公路的安全性，p市去年把所有高速公路的限速由55降到了45。但是這樣的努力嘗試失敗了，事故發(fā)生的數(shù)量沒有下降，并且根據高速巡警的報告很多司機都超速駕駛。所以p市應該采用b市5年前相同的道路改善計劃：增加車道寬度，重新鋪設不平路面以及改善危險交叉路口的能見度。今天，b市的主要道路依然是55限速，但上報的事故率卻比5年前減少了25％。14)The following appeared as part of an article in a business magazine.A recent study rating 300 male and female Mentian advertising executives according to the average number of hours they sleep per night showed an association between the amount of sleep the executives need and the success of their the advertising firms studied,those whose executives reported needing no more than 6 hours of sleep per night had higher profit margins and faster results suggest that if a business wants to prosper,it should hire only people who need less than 6 hours of sleep per night.Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.最近一項根據每天平均睡眠時間，對300名m市廣告公司男女高管調查顯示出了高管們所需的睡眠時間與他們公司成功與否的關聯(lián)。根據對這些廣告公司的研究，那些公司高管報告說每天睡眠不足6小時的公司利潤更高并且發(fā)展更快。這些結果表明如果公司想蓬勃發(fā)展，他們就必須只雇傭那些每天睡眠不足6小時的管理人員。118)The following appeared as part of an article in a business magazine.A recent study rating 300 male and female advertising executives according to the average number of hours they sleep per night showed an association between the amount of sleep the executives need and the success of their the advertising firms studied,those whose executives reported needing no more than six hours of sleep per night had higher profit margins and faster the basis of this study,we remend that businesses hire only people who need less than six hours of sleep per night.Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the remendation and the argument on which it is based are sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the remendation.最近一項根據每天平均睡眠時間，對300名m市廣告公司男女高管調查顯示出了高管們所需的睡眠時間與他們公司成功與否的關聯(lián)。根據對這些廣告公司的研究，那些公司高管報告說每天睡眠不足6小時的公司利潤更高并且發(fā)展更快。這些結果表明如果公司想蓬勃發(fā)展，他們就必須只雇傭那些每天睡眠不足6小時的管理人員。15)The following memorandum is from the business manager of Happy Pancake House restaurants.Recently,butter has been replaced by margarine in Happy Pancake House restaurants throughout the southwestern United change,however,has had little impact on our fact,only about 2 percent of customers have plained,indicating that an average of 98 people out of 100 are happy with the ,many servers have reported that a number of customers who ask for butter do not plain when they are given margarine ,either these customers do not distinguish butter fro