【正文】
r? ? 那時(shí)她正值二八妙齡。 ? She was at her sweet seventeen. 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 83 ? 這五條原則的核心和精髓是 六個(gè)字 :發(fā)展,平等,互利。發(fā)展是動(dòng)力,平等是前提,互利是目的。 ? These five principles actually boil down to three points, namely development, equality, and mutual benefit. Development is the propeller, equality the premise, and mutual benefit the objective. ? 一朝被蛇咬,十年怕井繩。 ? Once bitten, twice shy. ? 一日之計(jì)在于晨。 ? One hour in the morning is worth two in the evening. 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 84 ? 六街三市 ? 身懷六甲 ? 六親 ? 六畜 ? 一諾千金 ? 九死一生 ?downtown area ?be pregnant ?all one?s relatives and friends ?the domestic animals ?a promise that will be kept ?a narrow escape from death 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 85 你不該對(duì)此事說(shuō)三道四 。 You should not have said anything about the matter. 他三句話不離本行 。 She talks shop all the while. 祝你百尺竿頭 , 更進(jìn)一步 。 Wish you still greater progress. 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 86 別三心二意了 , 就這樣辦吧 。 Don?t shillyshally. Go right ahead. 此乃千載難逢的好機(jī)會(huì),你一定要抓住。 You must seize this opportunity. It is a chance of lifetime. 三回五次,他留 了 下來(lái),在 村 里吃了一日酒 , 已有七八分醉了。 Being repeatedly urged to stay, he spent the day in the village feasting with them and was almost drunk. 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 87 ? 等他們趕來(lái)增援時(shí),已是“ 正月十五貼門神,晚了半月了 ”。 ? But they were too late for a rescue. ? 此地?zé)o銀 三百兩 。 ? A guilty person gives himself away by conspicuously protesting his innocence. ? 有些國(guó)營(yíng)商店的售貨員態(tài)度冷若冰霜,拒人 千里之外 。 ? Shop assistants in some staterun shops are frosty in manner, repelling customers from a distance. 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 88 數(shù)詞與政治術(shù)語(yǔ)連用 漢語(yǔ)中一些政治詞匯常與數(shù)字連用, 英譯時(shí),一般可以 直譯 。 對(duì)英美讀者不太熟悉的概念或事件,應(yīng) 加注 。 比較簡(jiǎn)短的詞匯也可以 省譯數(shù)字 ,補(bǔ)出其實(shí)際內(nèi)容。 和平共處五項(xiàng)原則 譯文: the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 89 ? 五講四美 ? 譯文 : the Five Merits and Four Virtues (the the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals。 the Four Virtues are gold heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment.) ? 五個(gè)統(tǒng)籌 ? 譯文: the “five balances” (balancing urban and rural development, development among regions, economic and social development, development of man and nature, and domestic development and opening up to the outside world) 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 90 四害 four pests (rats, bedbugs, flies and mosquitoes) 四舊 four olds (old ideology, culture, customs and habits) 三反運(yùn)動(dòng) movement against three evils (corruption, waste and bureaucracy) 三個(gè)面向 three directions to face (the direction of the world, future, and modernization) 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 91 直接 三 通 三 好學(xué)生 三 角債 三 陪服務(wù) tripleA Students (ie. Good in academic achievement, moral qualities and physical state) three direct links between Taiwan and the mainland:direct crossStrait trade, air and shipping, and postal services chain debts or debt chains escort services 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 92 一級(jí) /初級(jí)處理 一次性收入 二級(jí)市場(chǎng) 一次性付清 一次用相機(jī) single/primary treatment pay in full lumpsum payment parallel market singleuse camera 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 93 一次消費(fèi) 一次成像照片 一次性杯子 一次性筷子 一次性塑料袋 一次用包裝 onetimeconsumption; a Polaroid picture; disposable plastic bags nonreturnable container; sanitary cup; disposable chopsticks; 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 94 量詞的英譯 英語(yǔ) 中沒有量詞,數(shù)詞或不定冠詞可直接置于數(shù)名詞之前表示數(shù)量。也可使用 “ 數(shù)詞 +名詞 +of +名詞 ” 結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表示漢語(yǔ)的數(shù)量結(jié)構(gòu)。 1. 不 必譯出,直接將數(shù)詞或不定冠詞置于數(shù)名詞之前 。 80個(gè)席位 —eighty seats, 一套魯迅全 集 —a plete Lu Xun 五部拖拉機(jī) —five tractors 一本書 —a book 2. 采用“數(shù)詞 +名詞 +of +名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表示漢語(yǔ)的數(shù)量結(jié)構(gòu)。 一包香煙 — a packet of cigarettes 一連士兵 — a pany of soldiers 三堆雞蛋 —three heaps of eggs 四排房子 — four blocks of houses 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 95 3. 漢語(yǔ)動(dòng)量詞可譯為英語(yǔ)的形容詞、動(dòng)詞或感嘆詞等。有時(shí)也可譯為英語(yǔ)的同源賓語(yǔ)。例如: 砰 !槍響了 一聲 。 Bang! Went the gun. “ 吧嗒 ” 一聲,門關(guān)上了。 The door clicked shut 汽車 “ 嗖 ” 的一聲從身邊過(guò)去了。 The car whizzed by him. 睡了一大覺 — sleep a sound sleep 打了一仗 — fight a fight 做了甜蜜的夢(mèng) dream a sweet dream. 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 96 倍數(shù)的翻譯 漢語(yǔ)與英語(yǔ)表示倍數(shù)的差異 ,而說(shuō)明數(shù)量的減少要用分?jǐn)?shù)。英語(yǔ)的倍數(shù)可表增加,也可表示減少。 2. 漢語(yǔ)表倍數(shù)有的包括基數(shù),有的不包括基數(shù)。英語(yǔ)不管基數(shù),其倍數(shù)都包括基數(shù)。 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 97 漢語(yǔ)表示增加的倍數(shù)表達(dá)法: 漢語(yǔ)表示 增加 的倍數(shù)表達(dá)法: 不包括基數(shù): 甲比乙 + 形容詞或副詞 +n1 倍 甲比乙 + 增加了 +n1 倍 包括基數(shù): 甲是(為)乙的 n 倍 甲增加到(為、至)乙的 n 倍 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 98 漢語(yǔ)表示 減少 的概念時(shí),使用分?jǐn)?shù)或百分比來(lái)表示,減少概念也有包括或不包括基數(shù)的問(wèn)題,其基本句式為: 不包括基數(shù):甲比乙減少了幾分之幾; 包括基數(shù): 甲減少到(了,原 … ..的)幾分之幾。 漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)增加或減少時(shí),也可使用百分比表示,但均表示凈增加或凈減少的概念。 例:學(xué)校去年招收 100人,今年招生 400人 今年比去年多招生 3倍; 今年招生比去年增加了 3倍。 今年招生數(shù)是去年招生數(shù)的 4倍; 今年招生數(shù)已增加到去年招生數(shù)的 4倍。 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 99 英語(yǔ)的倍數(shù)表達(dá)結(jié)構(gòu) ? 表示“增加”: ? A is n times as great (long, much …)as B. ? A is n times greater (long, much …) than B. ? A is n times the size (long, much …) of B. ? Increase to n times ? Increase n times / nfold ? Increase by n times ? Increase by a factor of n ? There is a “nfold” increase /growth … ? Double(增加 1倍 ), treble (增加 2倍 ), quadruple (增加 3倍 ). 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 100 ? 表示“減少”: ? A is n times as small (light, slow…) as B ? A is n times smaller than B ? Decrease n times /nfold ? Decrease by n times ? Decrease by a factor of n ? There is a nfold decrease/reduction … 2022/2/16 CtE Translation 101 今年比去年多招生 3倍; 今年招生比去年增加了 3倍。 今年招生數(shù)是去年招生數(shù)的 4倍; 今年招生數(shù)已增加到去年招生數(shù)的 4倍。 譯文 1: The enrolment of new students this year is four times greater than that last year. 譯文 2: The enrolment of new students this year is four times greater as much as that last year. 譯文 3: The enrolment of new students this year i