【正文】 sh literature were Joseph Addison and Richard Steele,the essayists,and Alexander Pope,the 1Jonathan Swift was born in Dublin,Ireland,in ’s Travels斯威夫特格列佛游記.The Drapie’s Letters 散文and A Modest Proposal,Wood’s halfpence1Defoe:Robinson Crusoe笛福:魯濱遜漂流記The character of Robinson Crusoe is representative of the English bourgeoesie at the earlier satages of its development,He is most practical and exactg,always religious and at same time mindful of his own profit.Samuel Richardson:Pamela,First,it discarded the “improbable and marvelous”acplishments of the former heroic romances,and puctured the life and love of ordinary ,its intention was to afford not merely entertainment but also moral instruction,Thirdly,it describes not only the saying and doings of the characters but also their secret thoughts and was,in fact,the first Enhlish psychoanalytical ,是心理分析小說的鼻祖,2Fielding菲爾丁約瑟夫 安德魯the novel was at the same time criticized for its excessive sentimentality and its utilitarian as the Founder of the English Realistic Novel英國現(xiàn)實主義小說奠基人Some Features of fielding’s Novel:1)Fielding’s Method of Relating a Story。There are three ways in telling the story of a may be told in a series of letters.2Sheridan雪爾頓,戲劇家,造謠學(xué)校.2Johnson’s Dictionary約翰遜字典編撰2Oliver Goldsmith:Peoms:,五步一揚格2Sentimetalism in English appearance and development of sentimentalist poetry marks the midway in the transition from classicism to its in English ,古典和浪漫轉(zhuǎn)換Thomas Graya。牧園哀歌2William blake:and2Burns:the works of the Scottish poets Ramsay and ,//A Res,Red Rose//.So the general feature of the works of the romanticists is a dissatisfaction with the bourgeois Index代表人物16’William ShakespeareVictorianCharles DickensWilliam Makepeace ThackerayGeorge Eliot17’John DonneThomas HoodJohn MiltonCharlotte Bronte andEmily BronteJohn BunyanAlfred, Lord TennysonRobert BrowningElizabeth Barrett Browning18’Daniel DefoeHenry FieldingJonathan SwiftOliver GoldsmithWilliam BlakeRomantic William Wordsworth20Thomas HardyGorge Gordon, Lord ByronJohn GalsworthyOscar WildePercy Bysshe ShellyGeorge Bernard ShawJohn Keats. LawrenceVirginia WoolfWalter ScottJames JoyceThe Sixteenth CenturyBeginning of 16th centuryThomas MoreUtopia. More gave a profound and truthful picture of the people’s suffering and put forward his ideal of a future happy society.End the centuryFrancis BaconScientist and philosopherFirst half of 16th centuryThomas Wyatt, Henry HowardThey initiated new poetical forms, borrowing freely from English popular songs and Italian and French poetry. Wyatt was the first to introduce the sonnet into English literature.Second half of the 16th centuryPhilip Sidney, Thomas Campion and Edmund SpenserLyrical poem bee widespread in England. Edmund was the author of the greatest epic poem of the time The Fairy Queen.Court life and gallantry novelJohn Lyly, Thomas LogeGreat popularity was won by John Lyly’s novel Ephesus which gave rise to the term “euphuism”, designating an affected style of court speech.Realistic novelThomas Delaney, Thomas NasheDevoted to every day life of craftsman, merchants and other representatives of lower classDramaChristopher MarloweReformed drama that genre in English and perfected the language and verse of dramatic works. It was Marlowe who made blank verse the principal vehicle of expression in drama.William ShakespeareThe works of William Shakespeare are a great landmark in the history of world literature for he was one of the first founders of realism, a master hand at realistic portrayal of human characters and relations.WorksFirst period: Romeo and JulietSecond Period: 1. Hamlet, Prince of Demark2. Othello, the Moor of Venice3. King Lear4. The Tragedy of MacbethThe Seventeenth CenturyPuritan AgePuritan attitudeThey believed in simplicity of life, breaking up of old ideas, an age of confusion.Puritan actionThey disapproved of the sonnets and love poetry written in the previous period.In 1642 the theatres were closeThe bible bee one book of the peopleLiterary CharacteristicsAbsence of fixed standard of literary criticism, exaggeration of “metaphysical” poets.Poetry took new and startling forms in Donne and Herbert, and prose became as somber as Burrton’s Anatomy of Melancholy.The spiritual gloom sooner or later fastens upon all the writers of this age. This so called gloomy age produced some minor poems of exquisites workmanship, and one of great master of verse whose work would glorify any age or peopleJohn Milton, in whom the indomitable Puritan spirit finds its noblest expression.Restoration AgeLiterary CharacteristicsRenounced old ideas and demanded that English poetry and dream should follow the style which they had bee accustomed in the gaiety of Paris. On the whole they were immoral and cynical.French influenceRimed couplets instead of blank verse, the unities, a more regular construction, and the presentation of tryes rather than individualThe edies are coarse in language and their view of the relation between man and won is immoral and dishonest.John DrydenAs a critic, poet and playwright was the most distinguished literary figure of the restoration age. The most popular genre was that of edy whose chief aim as to entertain the licentious aristocrats.John Donne1. PoetryFormPart of his poetry is in such classical forms as satires, elegies, and epistlesthough it style has anything but classical smoothnessand part is written in lyrical forms of extraordinary variety.Characteristics1. Most of it purports to deal with life, descriptive or experimentally, and the first thing to strike the reader is Donne’s extraordinary and penetrating realism. 2. The next is the cynicism which marks certain of the lighte