【正文】 Health College of Harbin Medical University 60 IDD是世界上分布最廣、受威脅人口最多的一種地方病 IDD is the world39。s most widely distributed endemic disease, and the largest population are under it’s threat. 地區(qū)分布 （ Regional distribution） Department of Epidemiology Public Health College of Harbin Medical University 61 流行較重 亞洲的喜馬拉雅山區(qū) 歐洲的阿爾卑斯和比里牛斯山區(qū) 南美的安第斯山區(qū) 非洲的剛果河流域 大洋洲的巴布亞新幾內(nèi)亞 北美洲的五大湖盆地 ? Epidemic seriously Himalayan regions in Asia Alps and Pyrenees in Europe Andes in South America Congo River Basin in Africa Papua New Guinea in Oceania Great Lakes in North America 地區(qū)分布 （ Regional distribution） Department of Epidemiology Public Health College of Harbin Medical University 全球共有 22億人口（占全世界人口的 38%）生活在缺碘地區(qū) A total of 220 million people worldwide (accounting for 38% of the world39。s population) live in iodinedeficient regions. 我國是世界上 IDD分布廣泛、病情嚴(yán)重的國家之一 ,主要流行 特征是山區(qū)多于平原，內(nèi)陸多于沿海，鄉(xiāng)村多于城市 China is one of the countries where IDD have been widely distributed and severely prevalent, the main epidemiologic feature is that mountains are more than plains, inland more than coastal, rural more than urban. 地區(qū)分布 （ Regional distribution） Department of Epidemiology Public Health College of Harbin Medical University 圖 282 世界碘缺乏病波及的國家 Department of Epidemiology Public Health College of Harbin Medical University 表 282 199 2022年度中國碘缺乏病范圍例數(shù) Table 282 Scope and cases of IDD in China for1994 and 2022 時間分布 (Time distribution) Department of Epidemiology Public Health College of Harbin Medical University 流行地區(qū)的人群任何年齡均可發(fā)病 People of any age in endemic areas can be ill. 5歲以下兒童發(fā)病較少，一般在青春發(fā)育期開始發(fā)病，隨著年齡 患病率 ， 40歲以后逐漸 Children under 5 years of age have a low incidence of IDD, generally beginning at puberty. Prevalence increases with age, but prevalence decreases after 40 years of age with age. 人群分布 (Population distribution) Department of Epidemiology Public Health College of Harbin Medical University 愈是病情嚴(yán)重的地區(qū)，甲狀腺腫發(fā)病的年齡愈早 The more serious condition of the area, the earlier the age of goiter. 10歲以前男女患病率無顯著差異 There is no significant difference in the prevalence between boys and girls before the age of 10. 成人患病率女性 男性 ,但重病區(qū)患病率性別差異小 Adult prevalence rate of women is more than men, but gender differences in the prevalence of serious IDD area are small. 人群分布 (Population distribution) Department of Epidemiology Public Health College of Harbin Medical University 監(jiān)測 掌握流行強度、流行趨勢 評價干預(yù)措施的效果 為制定新的防治策略與措施提供依據(jù) 現(xiàn)況調(diào)查 碘鹽調(diào)查 病情調(diào)查 Surveillance ? To master the epidemic strength , epidemic tendency ? To evaluate the effectiveness of interventions ? To provide a basis for new control and prevention strategies and measures Crosssectional investigation ? diodized salt survey ? disease survey 三、預(yù)防的策略與措施 Strategies and measures Department of Epidemiology Public Health College of Harbin Medical University 不加碘食鹽 Noniodized salt 加碘食鹽iodized salt Department of Epidemiology Public Health College of Harbin Medical University 碘鹽調(diào)查 以縣為單位進行 合格碘鹽的碘含量標(biāo)準(zhǔn) : 35 177。 15mg/kg Iodized salt survey The county as a unit Qualifying standards for iodine content of iodized salt: 35 177。 15mg/kg Department of Epidemiology Public Health College of Harbin Medical University %100/5 ??? 檢測份數(shù) 鹽樣份數(shù)碘含量碘鹽覆蓋率 kgmg常用的統(tǒng)計學(xué)指標(biāo)為 Commonly used statistical indicators %100/5 /50~20 ??? 鹽樣份數(shù)碘含量 鹽樣份數(shù)碘含量碘鹽合格率 kgmg kgmgCoverage rate of iodized salt The qualified iodized salt rate Department of Epidemiology Public Health College of Harbin Medical University %100/50~20 ?? 檢測份數(shù) 鹽樣份數(shù)碘含量合格碘鹽食用率 kgmg%100s i z e s a m p l eSa l t 5 0 m g / k g ) 20c o n t e n t ( i o d i n es i z e s a m p l eSa l t s a l t i o d i z e d q u a l i f i e d of r a t en c o n s u m p t i o T h e ??Department of Epidemiology Public Health College of Harbin Medical University %100?? 受檢人數(shù)Ⅱ度人數(shù)甲狀腺腫患病率%100??? 受檢人數(shù) Ⅱ度人數(shù)Ⅰ度人數(shù)甲狀腺腫大率Gotier prevalence Gotier rate Department of Epidemiology Public Health College of Harbin Medical University Types、 degrees and diagnostic standard for endemic goiter 分型標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 分度標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn) Types standard Degrees standard Diagnostic standard 四、地方性甲狀腺腫的分型、分度及診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 謝 謝 ！