上財中級微觀經(jīng)濟學(xué)課件ch02budget-資料下載頁
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【正文】 y Discounts ?Suppose p2 is constant at $1 but that p1=$2 for 0 ? x1 ? 20 and p1=$1 for x120. 2021/11/11 Intermediate Microeconomics 55 Shapes of Budget Constraints Quantity Discounts ?Suppose p2 is constant at $1 but that p1=$2 for 0 ? x1 ? 20 and p1=$1 for x120. Then the constraint’s slope is 2, for 0 ? x1 ? 20 p1/p2 = 1, for x1 20 and the constraint is { 2021/11/11 Intermediate Microeconomics 56 Shapes of Budget Constraints with a Quantity Discount m = $100 50 100 20 Slope = 2 / 1 = 2 (p1=2, p2=1) Slope = 1/ 1 = 1 (p1=1, p2=1) 80 x2 x1 2021/11/11 Intermediate Microeconomics 57 Shapes of Budget Constraints with a Quantity Discount m = $100 50 100 20 Slope = 2 / 1 = 2 (p1=2, p2=1) Slope = 1/ 1 = 1 (p1=1, p2=1) 80 x2 x1 2021/11/11 Intermediate Microeconomics 58 Shapes of Budget Constraints with a Quantity Discount m = $100 50 100 20 80 x2 x1 Budget Set Budget Constraint 2021/11/11 Intermediate Microeconomics 59 Shapes of Budget Constraints with a Quantity Penalty x2 x1 Budget Set Budget Constraint 2021/11/11 Intermediate Microeconomics 60 Shapes of Budget Constraints One Price Negative ?Commodity 1 is stinky garbage. You are paid $2 per unit to accept it。 . p1 = $2. p2 = $1. Ine, other than from accepting modity 1, is m = $10. ?Then the constraint is 2x1 + x2 = 10 or x2 = 2x1 + 10. 2021/11/11 Intermediate Microeconomics 61 Shapes of Budget Constraints One Price Negative 10 Budget constraint’s slope is p1/p2 = (2)/1 = +2 x2 x1 x2 = 2x1 + 10 2021/11/11 Intermediate Microeconomics 62 Shapes of Budget Constraints One Price Negative 10 x2 x1 Budget set is all bundles for which x1 ? 0, x2 ? 0 and x2 ? 2x1 + 10. 2021/11/11 Intermediate Microeconomics 63 More General Choice Sets ?Choices are usually constrained by more than a budget。 . time constraints and other resources constraints. ?A bundle is available only if it meets every constraint. 2021/11/11 Intermediate Microeconomics 64 More General Choice Sets Food Other Stuff 10 At least 10 units of food must be eaten to survive 2021/11/11 Intermediate Microeconomics 65 More General Choice Sets Food Other Stuff 10 Choice is further restricted by a time constraint. 2021/11/11 Intermediate Microeconomics 66 More General Choice Sets So what is the choice set? 2021/11/11 Intermediate Microeconomics 67 More General Choice Sets Food Other Stuff 10 2021/11/11 Intermediate Microeconomics 68 More General Choice Sets Food Other Stuff 10 2021/11/11 Intermediate Microeconomics 69 More General Choice Sets Food Other Stuff 10 The choice set is the intersection of all of the constraint sets.
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