【導(dǎo)讀】減振器主要用來抑制彈簧吸振后反彈時的振蕩及來自路面的沖擊。減振器太軟，車身就會上下跳躍，減振器。太硬就會帶來太大的阻力，妨礙彈簧正常工作。的前提下設(shè)計，本次設(shè)計采用的方案為雙作用式液力減振器。這種減振器作用原。理是當(dāng)車架與車橋做往復(fù)相對運(yùn)動時，減振器中的活塞在鋼桶內(nèi)也做往復(fù)運(yùn)動，則減振器殼體內(nèi)的油液便反復(fù)地從一個內(nèi)腔通過一些狹小的孔隙流入另一內(nèi)腔。車架的振動能量轉(zhuǎn)化為熱能，而被油液和減振器殼體所吸收，然后散到大氣中。發(fā)揮，同時，過大的阻尼力還可能導(dǎo)致減振器連接零件及車架損壞。合分析整體工作狀況，設(shè)計合理減振器結(jié)構(gòu)及尺寸，最終繪制裝配圖及零件圖。

　　

【正文】 , nonsprung mass and spring consisting of vibration system, to bear from the uneven road surface, the aerodynamic and power train, engine incentives. In order to rapidly decay unnecessary vibration, the suspension also must include a damping ponent, that is, shock absorber. In addition, to ensure that the wheel suspension in the frame or body with all the force and moment between the reliable transmission and decided to wheel in relation to the frame or body of the displacement characteristics of the connection devices 本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） 34 are collectively referred to as bodyoriented. Decisionoriented institutions at the time of the beating movement of wheel tracks and wheel alignment parameters, as well as the car before and after the roll center and pitch center position to a large extent, the impact of the vehicle39。s handling and stability and antitrim capacity. There are some suspension in the buffer block and horizontal Stabilizer. Despite 100 years of suspension from the vehicle structure to the role of the principle has been constantly evolving, but in terms of structure and function, it is by the elastic element, damping devices and is posed of three partsoriented institutions. In some cases, a spare parts and role play two or three, such as leaf springs and elastic elements and guidance from the role of institutions, McPherson’s suspension in the column and the shock absorber shock absorber and some guidance from the role of institutions, some of the active suspension actuator element has a flexible, shock absorber and part of the functionoriented anizations. Oriented structure in accordance with the characteristics of vehicle suspension can be divided into nonindependent suspension and independent suspension two broad categories. onindependent suspension is the distinctive feature of the left and right between the wheels or by a rigid beam axle disconnecttype connection, when the passage of unilateral convex wheels, it will directly affect the other side of the wheel. Independent suspension is not such a rigid beam, around the wheel of their own independent body with the frame or linked to, or could constitute a type axle disconnect, according to the structural characteristics can be divided into horizontal boom, boom longitudinal, oblique arm type, etc., the 本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） 35 structural characteristics of a variety of suspension will be further discussed in the following sections. In addition to the above nonindependent suspension and independent suspension, there is a similar semiindependent suspension, it is similar to semirigid nondisconnecttype support for the bridge after the match. Beating around the wheel when the rate is inconsistent, the latter supported the bridge was Vshaped crosssection and consolidation around vertical arm with torsion beam, because of its reverse has a certain flexibility, it is different from the suspension of such nonindependent suspension, but also with independent suspension are different. The flexible beams and also played the role of horizontal Stabilizer. In accordance with the type of flexible ponents, automotive suspension leaf springs and can be divided into suspension, coil spring suspension, torsion bar spring suspension, air suspension and the suspension, such as oil and gas. In accordance with the role of principle, can be divided into passive suspension, active suspension and the range between the two semiactive suspensions. As mentioned earlier, the quality of vehicle suspension and suspension, nonsuspended mass constitute a vibration system, the vibration characteristics of the system to a large extent determines the vehicle running smoothly, and further affect the driving speed of motor vehicles, fuel economy and operating economy. The vibration system also determines the grade and moving vehicle carrying many parts of the Department of dynamic load, and thus affect the useful life of these parts. In addition, 本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） 36 the suspension of the vehicle stability control, antitrim capacity play a decisive role. Thus in the design of suspension must be taken into account the following requirements: (1)Through the rational design of elastic properties and suspension damping characteristics to ensure that the car has a good driving fort, has low vibration frequency, the smaller the value of vibration acceleration and suitable damping performance and can avoid the suspension of Stretching the limits of pression stroke occurred a hard impact, but also to ensure that the tires have sufficient grounding capacity。 (2)Rational designoriented agencies to ensure that the wheels and frame or between the body and all the reliable transmission of torque to ensure that when the wheels beat changes in wheel alignment parameters are not so large, and to meet the car has a good handling and stability requirements。 (3)Oriented anizations turn to the sports bar should be consistent with the coordination of the movement in order to avoid interference with movement, or may cause steering wheel shimmy。 (4)Roll center and the center of the right trim, automobile steering ability when the antiroll, automotive braking and acceleration to maintain the stability of the body in order to avoid braking and accelerating vehicles in the body when the trim。 (5)The quality of suspension ponents, especially to small nonflying part of its quality as possible。 (6)Ease of layout, design of the car to give special consideration to the engine and allow enough trunk space。 本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） 37 (7)All ponents should have sufficient strength and service life。 (8)Manufacture lowcost。 (9)To facilitate maintenance. Suspension design can be roughly divided into structure and main parameters of the two options and the detailed design stage, sometimes carried