【導(dǎo)讀】會矛盾的教科書。在《教父》這部作品中，作者通過重點講述美國托里昂黑手黨家族。由盛轉(zhuǎn)衰，從衰落到再次獨領(lǐng)風(fēng)騷的故事，來演繹了一段美國社會史。然而，本文則側(cè)重研究小說《教父》中所反映的美國社會現(xiàn)實———財富。斷；各種貪婪誘惑，讓社會矛盾不斷激化膨脹。習(xí)得與人際交往的智慧，學(xué)習(xí)到緩解矛盾的方法。的現(xiàn)象，矛盾產(chǎn)生的根源，以及緩解矛盾的對策。的文明進(jìn)步有著巨大的推動作用，從而促進(jìn)整個人類社會的發(fā)展。

　　

【正文】 arly blatant in the end of the book, when Michael carried out his personal Vendetta against the rivaling Mafia Clans. People were murdered in broad daylight by Michael‘s underlings. This was enough to create a permanent sense of fear and insecurity within New York‘s population, as the press reported new Mafia killings on a daily basis. 12 II. The Origin of the Phenomenon After examining the different types of crimes, the environment and the consequences, this paper will fathom the origin of anized crime. Only if we know about the origins it is possible to fully understand the phenomenon and the more important is to find a solution. A. The Primary Cause — Economic System Beforehand the paper explored that the Government‘s Corruption was a necessary precondition for anized crime to spread. Policemen, judges and politicians accepted crime or even allied themselves with the Mafia for the sake of their own wealth. The main intention of the Mafia itself is to gain huge quantities of money. For that concern the Mafiosi mit fraud, smuggling and if necessary they even kill civilians or other Mafiosi and established their crime culture. For this reason the capitalist system in which money plays a deciding role for the individual success is the primary cause. This interpretation is underlined by the fictional biography of the protagonist Don Vito Corleone himself. The young Vito, who fled from the village of Corleone in Sicily during the late 19th century, was adopted by a family that consisted of immigrants. He got a part time job in the family business, a grocery store. But then the shop and the neighborhood were continually suppressed by Don Fanucci, a local extortioner. Vito later on kills him and start to take over the quarter, but treating it with much more respect. Subsequently he starts to build up his Mafia business, which has its foundation on illegal gambling and alcohol smuggling. To escape his poor heritage and the shadows of the past, Vito wanted to bee an influential man. Accumulating great quantities of money was the first important step to achieve that objection. 13 After building up his Mafia empire， he indeed became influential and money was furthermore his most important instrument to maintain power. The reader had the chance to observe this in the parts of the books, in which difficult conflicts occurred. The exact way of how Vito Corleone solves these conflicts is portrayed at the beginning of the novel when Johnny Fontane, the godson of Vito, turns to his godfather to ask him for a favor. He wants a role in a movie, but the movie producer Jack Woltz refuses him getting it. The Don promises to solve the issue by making an ―offer to him that he could not refuse‖.19 He sends his lawyer and adopted son Tom Hagen to convince Woltz to give Johnny the role. As Hagen met the movie producer, he had the task to wind up negotiations on behalf of the godfather. His negotiation strategy consisted of three particular steps. At first he explained to Woltz that he would face some trouble with the labor union. Trouble could be settled, if he would offer the movie role to Johnny Fontane. At this point the godfather intended to use his work of connections, which he built up by the means of wealth and power. As Woltz refused the first offer angrily, Hagen offered, that his boss would pay $ 5 million to finance the movie. Noheless Woltz refused again, but invited Hagen to his private residence. There, he showed Hagen his favorite breeding horse Khartoum and invited him for supper. Subsequently he explained to him that he would never give the role to Johnny because he had a sexual affair with a woman Woltz. At the same time he has interest in Don Corleone solving the problems with the labor union for cash. As a reaction to that, Don Corleone arranged that Woltz found the dismembered head of his breeding horse in his bed, after waking up. After the threat, Woltz realized that he would be the next one to die if he wouldn‘t bend to the godfather‘s will of giving the role to Johnny. The first offer of Hagen was to bribe the labor union, which was possible due to the godfather‘s social connections. This shows that Corleone‘s rich work of social connections would be his first attempt to face a problem. As a second attempt he offered to bribe Woltz himself, which failed due to his 14 personal animosities towards Johnny. The third step was a threat to Woltz life and physical condition by paying someone to kill his horse. With this Putzo portrays the weaknesses of a corrupted capitalist world. Nearly everyone is longing for money and would give in if just high enough amounts of money are involved. If a problem can180。t be solved by offering money due to moral or immoral reasons, someone can be paid to do harm to the counterpart. With this violence bee the prolongation of money. However, also money was nothing but an instrument to gain power. As an intermediary result it can be stated, that in an economic system, where everyone strives for money and power, criminality as illustrated in The Godfather can spread. B. The Main Cause — Power of Social Class The social class and material wealth are two dimensions, which are directly linked in a capitalist world. This was displayed several times in The Godfather. Don Corleone himself came from utterly poor conditions. For this reason he wished to found an own family who could live in better material conditions and would be treated with more respect by the society. This was one of the deciding motivations。 which brought him on the path of criminality. Great deals of the people in Don Corleone‘s apparatus of power are poor immigrants from Italy. They work for the Don because they want to rise in his hierarchy and gain greater amounts of money and power within it. This whole sc