【導讀】butwithouttheImpressionists,manyofthesepaintingstylesmightnotexist.Ontheonehand,somemodernartisabstract;thatis,thepainterdoesnotatempttopaintobjectsasweseethemwithoureyes,butinsteadconcentratesoncertainqualitiesoftheobject,usingcolor,lineandshapetorepresentthem.Ontheotherhand,somepaintingsofmodernartaresorealisticthattheylooklikephotographs.Thesestylesaresodifferent.Whocanpredictwhatpaintingstyles

　　

【正文】 er husband O n and on the river fl ows. N ever looki ng back, Transform ed i nto stone. Day by day upon the m ountai n top, wind and rain revol ve. Shoul d the travel er return, thi s Stone woul d utter speech. (by Wang Ji an) I’VE SAVED TH E SUMMER I’ve saved the summ er And I give i t al to you To hol d on winter mornings When the snow i s new. I’ve saved som e sunlight If you should ever ned A place away from darkness Where your m ind can feed. And for mysel f I’ve kept your sm il e When you were but nieen, Til l you’re older you’l l not know What brave young smil es can mean. I know no answers To hel p you on your way The answers l ie som ewhere At the botom of the but wi thout the Im pressioni sts, m any of these pai nti ng styl es mi ght not exist. O n the one hand, som e m odern art i s abstract。 that i s, the pai nter does not attem pt to pai nt objects as we see them wi th our eyes, but i nstead concentrates on certain quali ti es of the object, using col or, l ine and shape to represent them . O n the other hand, som e pai nti ngs of m odern art are so reali sti c that they l ook li ke photographs. These styl es are so di fferent. Who can predi ct what pai nti ng styl es there wil l be i n the future? TH E BEST OF MANH ATTAN’S ART GALLERIES The Fri ck Col ecti on (5th Avenue and E. 70th Street) Many art l overs woul d rather vi si t this sm al l art gal l ery than any other i n N ew York. H enry Cl ay Fri ck, a rich N ew Yorker, died i n 1919, l eavi ng hi s house, furni ture and art col l ecti on to the Am eri can peopl e. Fri ck had a preference for pertwenti eth century Western painti ngs, and these are wel lrepresented in this excel ent col ecti on. You can al so explore Fri ck’s beautiful hom e and garden whi ch are wel l worth a visi t. Guggenheim Museum (5th Avenue and 88th Street) Thi s museum owns 5,000 superb m odern pai ntings, scul ptures and drawi ngs. These art works are not al l displayed at the sam e time. The exhibi ti on i s always changing. It wi l appeal to those who love Im pressioni st and PostImpressi onist paintings. The Guggenheim Museum buil ding i s also worl dfam ous. When you wal k into the gal lery, you feel as if you were inside a fragile, whi te seashel l. The best way to see the pai nti ngs is to start from the top floor and wal k down to the bottom . There are no stai rs, just a ci rcul ar path. The museum al so has an excel ent restaurant. Metropoli tan Museum of Art (5 th Avenue and 82nd Street) The reputation of this m useum li es in the vari ety of i ts art col lection. Thi s covers m ore than 5,000 years of civil ization from many parts of the worl d, i ncluding America, Europe, Chi na, Egypt, other African countri es and South Am eri ca. The museum displays m ore than just the vi sual deli ghts of art. It introduces you to anci ent ways of l iving. You can vi si t an Egyptian tem pl e, a fragrant Ming garden, a typical room i n an 18th century French house and many other speci al exhibiti ons. Museum of Modern Art ( 53rd Street. Between 5th and 6th Avenues) It i s amazing that so many great works of art from the l ate 19th century to the 21st century are housed in the same m useum. The col lection of Western art i ncl udes paintings by such famous arti sts as Mo, Van Gogh, Pi caso and Matisse. A few words of warning: the admi ssion price is not cheap and the m useum i s often very crowded. Whi tney Museum of Am eri can Art (945 Madi son Avenue, near 75th Street) The Whi tney hol ds an excel l ent col ecti on of contem porary Am eri can pai nti ng and scul pture. There are no perm anent di splays i n thi s m useum and exhi biti ons change al the ti m e. Every two years, the Whi tney hol ds a speci al exhi biti on of new art by l i vi ng arti sts. The m useum al so shows vi deos and fi lm s by contem porary vi deo arti sts. Unit 2 A FEW SIMPLE FORMS OF ENGLISH POEMS There are vari ous reasons why peopl e wri te poetry. Some poem s tel l a story or descri be som ethi ng in a way that wi l gi ve the reader a strong i m pressi on. O thers try to convey certain em oti ons. Poets use m any di fferent form s of poetry to express themsel ves. In thi s text, however, we wil l l ook at a few of the sim pl er form s. Som e of the fi rst poetry a young chil d l earns i n Engli sh i s nursery rhymes. These rhymes l ike the one on the right (A) are sti l a m on type of chil dren’s poetry. The language is concrete but im agi nati ve, and they deli ght smal chil dren because they rhym e, have strong rhythm and a lot of repetiti on. The poem s may not make sense and even seem contradi ctory, but they are easy to l earn and recite. By playi ng with the words in nursery rhymes, chil dren learn about language. H ush, l ittle baby, don’t say a word, Papa’s going to buy you a mockingbi rd. If that mocki ngbird won’t sing, Papa’s going to buy you a di amond ring. If that di am ond ring turns to brass, Papa’s goi ng to buy you a lookingglass. If that lookingglass gets broke, Papa’s goi ng to buy you a bil lygoat. If that bi l ygoat runs away, Papa’s goi ng to buy you another today. O ne of the si mplest ki nds of poems are those l i ke B and C that l ist thi ngs. List poem s have a fl exi ble li ne length and repeated phrases which gi ve both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem. Some rhyme (like B) whil e others do not (li ke C). I saw a fi shpond al on fire I saw a fishpond al on fi re, I saw a house bow to a squi re, I saw a person twelvefeet high, I saw a cottage i n the sky, I saw a bal oon made of lead, I saw a coffi n drop down dead, I saw two sparrows run a race, I saw two horses making l ace, I saw a gi rl just l ike a cat, I