【導(dǎo)讀】道路交叉口是城市交通的瓶頸,也是交通堵塞的集中體現(xiàn)點(diǎn)。交通建設(shè)是為了能使出。行更加的快捷、舒適、方便，運(yùn)輸更迅速，跟上經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和人們生活的快節(jié)奏?；町a(chǎn)生了巨大的困擾，甚至對(duì)我國經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)產(chǎn)生了相當(dāng)大的不利影響。本文更是針對(duì)在交叉路口將停車線后移多遠(yuǎn)的距離，使車輛到達(dá)原停車線的速度達(dá)。會(huì)導(dǎo)致的城市交通安全問題。最后還針對(duì)我國的交通現(xiàn)狀提出了一些自己的看法和建議，通過該研究，可以使得車輛總延誤時(shí)間減少、通過交叉路口的車流量增大、車輛。有一定的理論和實(shí)用價(jià)值，使城市交通實(shí)現(xiàn)健康的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。

　　

【正文】 ted, and other types of urban transportation assistance could be made contingent on the installation of these systems. Federal policies could encourage and facilitate the necessary interjurisdictional coordination between agencies that manage freeway and arterial traffic. Federal participation in testing and demonstration programs of vehicle identification, driver information, and collision warning and avoidance technologies could speed advancement of invehicle equipment. Government leadership in addressing standardization issues early would also aid development of these technologies. Finally, how drivers interact with AVHS technologies is not fully understood. Attention to safety and human factors is a top priority, and active participation in these areas by Federal agencies responsible for highway safety is warranted. OTA concludes that Federal effort and dollars invested in assisting State and local governments in moving ahead with AVHS could do double duty. They could 蘇州大學(xué)本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 24 support much needed programs to address urban traffic congestion as well as boost industry by helping create the public infrastructure necessary to municate with advanced products that are almost market ready. In February 1989, the Submittee on Transportation of the Senate Committee on Appropriations requested that OTA examine advanced vehicle and highway technologies and assess their potential to increase the capacity of the transportation infrastructure. This document examines a wide range of these technologies, but focuses on those monly known as advanced vehicle/highway systems (AVHS) and on related technologies that affect or plement AVHS. The term AVHS refers to advanced technologies that are applied to motor vehicle transportation and traffic operations, such as technologies for: automatic vehicle identification and billing。 weighing vehicle in motion。 collision warning and avoidance。 driver information and route guidance。 advanced traffic signal control and optimization。 automatic incident detection。 and automatic vehicle spacing – both steering (lateral) and headway (longitudinal). AVHS does not include technologies used in vehicle manufacture, road construction, or mass transit system design and operations. Domestic research in most areas of AVHS was active in the 1960s, but tapered off during the 1970s as funding and interest declined. Recently, AVHS has received renewal attention in the United States for several reasons. As air pollution and traffic congestion have worsened, many see AVHS as tools for increasing road safety, reducing traffic delay and incident response time, and increasing traffic capacity. Since a large portion of congestion is caused by accidents, significant benefits can result from reducing both the number of accidents and the time it takes to clear the roadway after an accident occurs actions that do not require AVHS, but can be made easier by them. Others see AVHS as a means for reducing fuel consumption and air pollution, making mercial shipping more efficient, and easing the driving task for physically limited drivers. But perhaps the major reason for the renewed interest is the high level of attention being given AVHS by European and Japanese researchers. Europe and Japan both have highprofile 蘇州大學(xué)本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 25 governmentsponsored research and development programs under way which include participation by industry and academia. As . participation in these foreign programs is limited and, in some cases, prohibited – automobile manufacturers and technology experts familiar with AVHS raise concerns that the United States is falling behind in research and technology development. . manufacturers fear that they will beat a petitive disadvantage relative to foreign firms when AVHS “products” enter the motor vehicle market. Advanced Driver Information (ADI) Systems ADI systems give drivers current information on road and traffic conditions so that they can plan their routes to avoid areas of congestion. ADI systems range from oneway audio munications to interactive video munications, and some of the more advanced systems plan routes automatically after the driver has provided origin and destination information. The systems can be home, office, or vehiclebased. While they can operate independently, they are much more useful with information about the transportation infrastructure current roadway and traffic conditions. Traffic reports on mercial radio stations represent the most basic of the ADI technologies. in limited use, highway advisory radio and its variations use dedicated frequencies (usually at the ends of the broadcast spectrum) to transmit traffic information. Tested, but never implemented, automatic highway advisory radio (AHAR) can automatically do some or ail of the following: signal the driver that an advisory notice is about to be broadcast。 mute the program the driver is currently listening to。 and tune the radio to the AHAR frequency. Teletext and videotex systems, which have been used in Europe for route planning, are usually accessed from the home or office and provide travelers with written information on traffic conditions. interactive versions of such systems allow drivers to query databases for optimal path information and to receive written route instructions. Vehiclebased navigation systems automatically track vehicle location, and some, using puterized map bases, show the current location on an electronic map display of the surrounding area. When the driver enters origin and destination information, these systems can provide detailed advice on which streets to follow and when to turn. Enhanced versions of such devices that have 蘇州大學(xué)本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 26 munication links to the infrastructure are being developed。 these allow the incorporation of current road and tra