外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯--基于價(jià)值的軟件測(cè)試管理-其他專業(yè)-資料下載頁(yè)
2025-01-19 09:02本頁(yè)面
【導(dǎo)讀】軟件開(kāi)發(fā)成本的百分之三十到五十。測(cè)試通常不是用來(lái)組織商業(yè)價(jià)值的最大化，也不。是肩負(fù)著項(xiàng)目的使命。路徑測(cè)試、分支測(cè)試、指導(dǎo)測(cè)試、變換測(cè)試、場(chǎng)景測(cè)試以及需。求測(cè)試等對(duì)于軟件的所有方面都是同等重要的。為了從軟件測(cè)試中得到最大的投資回報(bào)，測(cè)試管理需要最大。在本章，我們將更加促進(jìn)對(duì)基于價(jià)值的測(cè)試的需要，描述支持基于。價(jià)值的測(cè)試管理的實(shí)踐，勾畫出基于價(jià)值的測(cè)試管理的框架，并舉例說(shuō)明該框架。測(cè)試是軟件質(zhì)量保證過(guò)程中最重要和最廣泛使用的方法。校驗(yàn)和驗(yàn)證旨在通過(guò)綜。合分析,測(cè)試軟件確保其正確運(yùn)行功能，確保軟件的質(zhì)量和軟件的可靠性。記錄,并對(duì)系統(tǒng)或者組件進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)的活動(dòng)。將顯得尤其的重要。危急系統(tǒng)，甚至更高的比例也不足為奇。效途徑進(jìn)行有效的測(cè)試。來(lái)改進(jìn)和節(jié)省達(dá)到預(yù)期的價(jià)值?；谲浖こ痰膬r(jià)值動(dòng)力在于目前軟件工程的實(shí)踐研。的，它對(duì)產(chǎn)品價(jià)值間接的做出貢獻(xiàn)。未來(lái)系統(tǒng)的威脅以及機(jī)遇。值的軟件工程測(cè)試過(guò)程中的集中力量是顧客和用戶。
【正文】 ading expectations and wrong assumptions that diminish or prevent value realization (Boehm, 2021b). In order to successfully manage these expectations and to satisfy individual and anizational objectives, reconciling customer needs with product design has to consider quality in addition to functionality. ? For project managers testing supports risk management and progress estimation. The focus is on identifying and eliminating risks that are potential value breakers and inhibit value achievements. Early detection of severe defects that significantly reduce project performance is a major objective. Ideally, testing reduces uncertainty and helps project managers to take better, more informed decisions, ., for defect removal, system stabilization, and release decisions. ? Quality managers are interested in the identification of problems and in particular problem trends. Results from testing are the input for the assessment of development performance and provide the basis for quality assurance strategies and process improvement. Rosenberg (2021) discusses how testing contributes to quality assurance and shows that problems need to be documented, corrected, and can then be used for process improvement。 after assessing problem reports for their validity corrective actions are implemented in accordance with customerapproved solutions。 developers and users are informed about the problem status。 and data for measuring and predicting software quality and reliability is provided. ? Developers require feedback from testing to gain confidence that the implementation is plete and correct, conforming to standards, and satisfying quality requirements. For stabilization, testing provides details about defects and 10 their estimated severity, information for reproducing defects, and support for revealing the cause of the failures. Besides, testing provides feedback for improvement and learning from defects. For example, throughout maintenance a detailed and reproducible description of problems contributes to the efficient implementation of changes and regression tests ensuring that these changes do not break existing functionality. ? For requirements engineers, testing is valuable to validate and verify requirements. Gause and Weinberg (1989) point out that “… one of the most effective ways of testing requirements is with test cases very much like those for testing a plete system.” Deriving blackbox tests from requirements helps to assure their pleteness, accuracy, clarity, and conciseness early on. Tests thus enhance requirements and enable development in a testdriven manner. To summarize, testing helps to realize benefits by reducing planning uncertainty, mitigating risks, making more informed decisions, controlling efforts, and minimizing downstream costs (the internal dimension).More importantly, it helps to realize the expected stakeholder value propositions (the external dimension). These benefits, however, do not e for free and the costs of testing are often significant. Testing can be perceived as buying information and can be considered as an investment activity as it reduces the costs of risks, uncertainties, and the reward of taking risks. Making sound decisions about the investment in testing requires understanding their implications on both costs and benefits. The underlying questions therefore are: What are the costs of testing, and what are the benefits of testing for value generating activities?
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