【正文】 Beijing, China, where the 2022 Winter Olympics will be held. Scott39。s team________(start) with looking at historic winter conditions, and then used puter models to predict conditions in the ( they) model predicted that by2050，the average February temperatures in past Winter Olympic host cities will rise by degrees Celsius. These temperatures can affect the quality of snow, thus________（increase)the chance of accidents.【答案】 to deal；are；a；who；typically；additional；started；Their；to；increasing 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，一項研究預測，到本世紀末，一半以上的前冬奧會主辦城市將會太熱而無法舉行這樣的比賽。 （1）考查非謂語動詞。句意：到本世紀末，一半以上的前冬奧會主辦城市將因天氣太熱而無法舉辦此類賽事。too…to…固定句式，“太.....而不能.....”，故填to deal。 （2）考查主謂一致。句意：現(xiàn)在不僅是奧運會面臨危險。本句the Olympics后面接的是定語從句，并且the Olympics在定語從句中做主語，定語從句謂語動詞應和主語保持一致，用復數(shù)，故填are。 （3）考查冠詞。句意：“隨著全球氣候持續(xù)變暖，冬季運動的世界正在發(fā)生變化，”加拿大的一個氣候變化研究員，丹尼爾斯科特說。本句中氣候變化研究員為單數(shù)，應用冠詞a修飾，表示泛指一個，故填a。 （4）考查定語從句。句意：他領導了一組研究人員，他們用數(shù)學來預測到2050年2月和2080年冬天的情況會發(fā)生怎樣的變化?？蘸鬄榉窍拗菩远ㄕZ從句，先行詞為a team of researchers，指人，在從句中做主語，應用關系代詞who，故填who。 （5）考查副詞。句意：2月是冬季奧運會舉行的典型月份?？罩械脑~用來修飾謂語動詞are played做狀語，應用副詞，故填typically。 （6）考查形容詞。句意：斯科特和他的團隊預測了已經(jīng)舉辦冬奧會的19個城市的氣溫和積雪，以及另外兩個城市：韓國平昌，和中國北京，2022年冬奧會將在那里舉行。此處用來修飾名詞cities作定語，應用形容詞，故填additional。 （7）考查時態(tài)。句意：斯科特的研究小組開始研究了歷史上的冬季情況，然后使用計算機模型來預測未來的情況?？罩械脑~和used做并列謂語，時態(tài)應保持一致，都用一般過去時，故填started。 （8）考查代詞。句意：他們的模型預測到2050年?？罩械脑~用來修飾名詞作定語，應用形容詞性物主代詞，故填their。 （9）考查介詞。句意：他們的模型預測到2050年。根據(jù)句意可知是“到”，故填to。 （10）考查非謂語動詞。句意：這些溫度會影響雪的質量，從而增加發(fā)生事故的機會。此處作狀語，同它的邏輯主語these temperatures之間為主動關系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞，填increasing。 【點評】本題考點涉及非謂語動詞，主謂一致，冠詞，定語從句，副詞，形容詞，時態(tài)，代詞以及介詞等多個知識點的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，并結合相關語法知識，進行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。 11．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬热荩ú欢嘤?個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式。 Susan went to a boarding school. Here is one of the letters she wrote to ________parents from the school.Dear Mom and Dad, I39。m afraid I have some very bad news for you. I have been very naughty and the school principal is very angry ________ me. She is going to write to you. You must e and take me away from here. She does not want me in the school ________. The trouble ________ (start) last night when I was smoking a cigarette in bed. This is against the rules, of course. We are not supposed to smoke at all. As I was smoking, I heard footsteps ing towards the room. I did not want a teacher ________ (catch) me smoking, so I threw the cigarette away. Unfortunately, the cigarette fell into the wastepaper basket, ________caught fire. There was a curtain near the wastepaper basket which caught fire, too. Soon the whole room was ________ (burn) .The principal phoned for the fire department. The school is a long way from the town and by the time the fire department arrived, the whole school was in ________ (flame). Many of the girls are in the hospital. The principal says that the fire was all my ________and you must pay ________the damage. She will send you a bill for about a million dollars. I am very sorry about this.Much love,Susan【答案】 her；with；any longer；started；to catch；which；burning；flames；fault；for 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，Susan在寄宿學校上學，這是她寫給父母的一封信。她在信中說自己因違反學校規(guī)定在宿舍吸煙而引發(fā)了一場大火，很多女生都住進了醫(yī)院。校長說這場大火都是她的錯誤，并要她的家長賠償損失。Susan告訴父母校長會給他們寫信，讓他們來把Susan帶走。 （1）考查代詞。句意：這是她從學校寫給父母的一封信。此處要用形容詞性物主代詞，修飾parents ，故填her。 （2）考查介詞。be angry with sb 固定短語，“對某人感到很生氣”。故填with。 （3）考查固定短語。這里用any longer與前面的not構成not…any longer結構，“不再……”。故填any longer。 （4）考查時態(tài)。句子中有時間狀語last night，所以要用一般過去時。故填started。 （5）考查非謂語動詞。want sb to do sth固定短語，“想讓某人干某事”。故填to catch。 （6）考查定語從句。這是一個非限制性定語從句，先行詞為 the wastepaper basket，指物，在后面的非限制性定語從句中作主語，且that不能引導非限制性定語從句，所以關系代詞要用which。故填which。 （7）考查形容詞。此處可理解為現(xiàn)在分詞作形容詞，在句中作系動詞was的表語，句意為“很快整個房間都著火了”。故填burning。 （8）考查名詞。句意：整個學校都著火了。in flames固定短語，“在火焰中”，故填flames。 （9）考查名詞。句意：這場火災都是我的責任。結合上下文分析，所以此處用fault表示“錯誤，責任”。故填 fault。 （10）考查介詞。pay for固定短語，“賠償，為......而付錢”，故填for。 【點評】本題考點涉及代詞，介詞，時態(tài)，非謂語動詞，定語從句，形容詞，名詞以及介詞等多個知識點的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，并結合相關語法知識，進行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。12．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬热荩?個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式(每空至多3詞)。 The cave dwelling (Yaodong in Chinese) in Xi39。an , Shaanxi Province, is laid out in rows one atop the other, looking like buildings of multiple floors in the distance . It is a sort of distinctive cave house ________ (dig) into the mountains for dwelling of many laboring people on the Loess Plateau in northwest China. A cave house is usually six meters deep and four meters wide. Stoneslabs (厚板) ________(pile) up to form a semicircle at the entrance, ________ is decorated with beautiful wood or metal windows in a ________ (vary) of styles. The types of the cave dwelling can be divided into the earth cave dwelling, brick cave dwelling ________ stone dwelling. For centuries, they have been regarded ________the symbol of the peasants in northern part of Shaanxi Province. The beauty about the cave dwelling is ________they help maintain local geography and save on farmlands by ________ (make) use of space that would have been otherwise left unused. They are warm in winter and cool in summer. The temperature inside is usually 13 degrees Celsius higher than in the open in winter and 10 degrees Celsius ________ (low) in summer. Statistics show that 40 million people live in cave dwellings that are scattered over an area of 600,000 square kilometers in ________ middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River.【答案】 dug；are piled；which；variety；and；as；that；making；lower；the 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了延安窯洞的地理位置、建筑風格及給當?shù)鼐用裆顜淼囊嫣帯?（1）考查非謂語動詞。句意：這是一種頗具特點在山里挖出的洞屋，用作西北黃土高原農(nóng)民工的棲息之地。house與dig之間為被動關系，使用過去分詞dug。故填dug。 （2）考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：厚石板堆積形成入口處的半圓，入口處裝飾著漂亮的木頭和各式各樣的金屬窗戶。通過分析句子結構可知，主句為“Stoneslabs (厚板)________(pile) up to form a semicircle at the entrance”，主句中存在不定式to form，stonelabs與pile之間為被動關系，且stonelabs為復數(shù)，因此橫線上需填入被動語態(tài)形式are piled。故填are piled。 （3）考查定語從句。句意：厚石板堆積形成入口處的半圓，入口處裝飾著漂亮的木頭和各式各樣的金屬窗戶。此句為定語從句，先行詞為橫線前的一句話，在從句中作主語，應填入關系代詞which。故填which。 （4）考查名詞。句意：入口處裝飾著漂亮的木頭和各式各樣的金屬窗戶。a variety of固定短語，“各種各樣的”，故填variety。 （5）考查連詞。句意：窯洞的類型分為土溶洞、磚溶洞和石溶洞。stone dwelling與earth cave dwelling , brick cave dwelling