【正文】 準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 Why is it that many people who have suffered a major shock, such as divorce or death of a family member, seem to be weaker against a variety of major and minor illness? One mon idea among psychologists has been that people could deal with suffering more effectively if they were able to understand and accept it. Indeed, many experts stress the value of expressing thoughts and feelings connected with upsetting events. Recently, a team of medical researchers studied the links between describing psychologically painful events and longterm health. In one experiment healthy college students were asked to write about either personally disturbing experiences or ordinary topics over a period of four days. In the months afterwards, students who had chosen to show their inner thoughts and feelings in their writing visited the health center for illness much less often than those who had written about everyday topics. In an experiment that followed, another group of healthy students were given the fourday writing exercises. Some chose to write about highly personal and upsetting experiences (including loneliness, problems with family and friends, and health). When questioned immediately afterwards, they said that they did not feel any better. However, their blood samples(樣本) taken before and after the experiment showed evidence of an improved resistance to illness. The white cells that fight off bacteria and viruses had increased their reaction and sensitivity to these invaders. This trend continued over the following six weeks, when another blood sample was taken. Individuals who showed the best results were those who wrote about topics that they had actively kept from telling others about. The researchers suggested that failure to face up to painful experience can be a form of stress itself, and can increase the possibility of illness. It follows, then, that actively dealing with a major shock makes possible its understanding and acceptance. The answer is not to suffer in silence. It may not always be possible to talk about personal problems, but writing them down will help the body to fight disease in the long run.（1）In the first experiment, the students who wrote about painful events ________. to suffer psychological problems sharing their inner thought and feelings less likely to seek treatment for sickness39。t deal with suffering effectively（2）People who wrote about personal problems in the second experiment ________. more bacteria and viruses in their blood decreased feelings of loneliness an improved white cell reaction better in their writing tasks（3）What does the underlined word invaders refer to? white cells. and viruses. to illness. reaction and sensitivity of the cells.（4）What is the best title of the passage? and Health Thoughts and Feelings and Health Illness and Social Acceptance【答案】 （1）C（2）C（3）B（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，心理學(xué)的研究表明，如果人們能夠理解并接受痛苦，人們就能更有效地應(yīng)對(duì)它。許多專家認(rèn)為將與令人不安的事件有關(guān)的思想和情感表達(dá)出來(lái)是十分重要的。不能面對(duì)痛苦的經(jīng)歷本身就可能是某種形式的壓力，也會(huì)增加患病的可能性。所以從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，不要默默忍受，說(shuō)出來(lái)或者寫出來(lái)將有助于身體對(duì)抗疾病。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“In the months afterwards, students who had chosen to show their inner thoughts and feelings in their writing visited the health center for illness much less often than those who had written about everyday topics.”可知，在隨后的幾個(gè)月里，那些選擇在寫作中表達(dá)自己內(nèi)心想法和感受的學(xué)生，比那些寫過(guò)日常話題的人更少去看病。故選C。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“However, their blood samples(樣本) taken before and after the experiment showed evidence of an improved resistance to illness. The white cells that fight off bacteria and viruses had increased their reaction and sensitivity to these ‘invaders’.”可知，在第二個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中寫下了個(gè)人問(wèn)題的人顯示他們的白細(xì)胞對(duì)細(xì)菌和病毒的反應(yīng)和敏感性增強(qiáng)了。故選C。 （3）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第三段中的“The white cells that fight off bacteria and viruses…”可知，白細(xì)胞是用來(lái)對(duì)抗細(xì)菌和病毒的，因此these invaders 指的就是細(xì)菌和病毒這些“入侵者”。故選B。 （4）考查主旨大意。本文開(kāi)頭提出觀點(diǎn)，如果人們能夠理解并接受痛苦，人們就能更有效地應(yīng)對(duì)它。然后通過(guò)兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)證明，將內(nèi)心的感受通過(guò)說(shuō)或者寫的方式表達(dá)出來(lái)從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)看會(huì)有助于身體對(duì)抗疾病。因此本文關(guān)注的話題是情感經(jīng)歷和健康的關(guān)系問(wèn)題。選A。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇健康類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。9．閱讀理解 About two months ago, Xing Yan started experiencing insomnia for the first time. It developed suddenly. I was under heavy pressure from work at the time. I could not fall asleep at all at night, and was wide awake until dawn. I tried not to think of the things that were troubling me and forget them, but the thoughts quickly returned, making it even harder for me to fall asleep, said the bank employee from Fushun, Liaoning province. Before the insomnia developed, Xing had regularly experienced less serious related disorders, such as taking a long time to fall asleep. He believes his tendency to worry may be the cause of his insomnia. In addition to feeling tired during the day, Xing feels he is experiencing the physical consequences of insomnia, such as an unexplained stomach ache. I became very frightened when I realized I could not sleep every day, said the 40yearold, who has been admitted to Peking University Sixth Hospital in Beijing for treatment. I may be ruined if this situation continues. In an attempt to overe his problem, Xing plans to strictly follow the advice of his doctor, such as getting up and going to bed at fixed times, and taking medication. Sun Hongqiang, director of the Sleep Medicine Center at the hospital, said his team has seen a constant rise in the number of patients with sleeping disorders in recent years. Despite seeing about 100 patients every day, the 12 doctors at the center are unable to meet demand, which means many patients endure a long wait before they can consult a physician, according to Sun. Globally, the incidence of sleep disorders is rising, he said. In China, about 30 percent of the population has sleep disorders, while around 10 percent frequently experience insomnia. It is unclear what is behind the rise in the number of people with sleep disorders, but the problem may be linked with factors such as personality, brainrelated illnesses and disturbed lifestyles, he added.（1）What is the meaning of the underlined word insomnia? unable to sleep. up late.