【正文】 t uses cuttingedge technology to send and receive information. Micius is the first satellite of its kind to use quantum key distribution(量子密匙分發(fā)), which uses particles (粒子) that transmit(傳輸) light to transfer information from one point to another. Currently, it can municate with two base stations(基站), both of which are located high up in the mountains in two different areas of Tibet, around 1,200 kilometers apart. Data is sent between the satellite and one of the base stations in the form of a ray of light. This makes it almost impossible for data sent and received using quantum satellite technology to be stolen, as the connection will be broken if someone tries to hack it. Any eavesdropper(偷聽(tīng)者) on the quantum channel attempting to gain information … can be found by the municating users, the scientists wrote in the paper. However, the technology does have a few limitations. For example, the process only works at night, as the information isn39。t able to pass through sunlight. Despite these small issues, the scientific munity across the world has reacted positively to China39。s achievements in this groundbreaking project. This Chinese experiment is a quite remarkable technological achievement, Artur Ekert, a professor of quantum physics at the University of Oxford, told BBC News. And Karl Ziemelis, an editor for Nature, told Xinhua, It39。s a testament(見(jiàn)證)to China39。s investments and significant efforts in the physical sciences that this group has been able to push research in practical quantum munication technologies to such an astronomical(天文學(xué)的)height.（1）According to the passage, why Micius is safe for transporting messages? A.Because it is only data base located in space, which cannot be touched.B.Because it only works at night, as the information isn39。t able to pass through sunlight.C.Because it uses particles that transmit light to transfer information from one to another.D.Because it doesn39。t score any important private information like passwords and s.（2）Which of the following can best describe scientists39。 words in the paper? A.It gave out the working principle of Micius.B.It tells of a kind of scientific appearance.C.It warned hackers not to steal information from Micius.D.It is a more apparent explanation of its safety.（3）What39。s the main problem of Micius? A.Its core technology is controlled in foreign countries.B.Light is a must in its working process.C.Its safety performance needs improving.D.Sunlight has a deadly influence on its working.（4）What39。s the best title of the passage? A.Leaping into an age of secure dataB.How should you avoid information hackersC.Old Problem, New ApproachesD.Taking on data theft【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文主要講述了對(duì)于現(xiàn)代通信，安全是一個(gè)大問(wèn)題。似乎我們總是聽(tīng)到黑客泄露電子郵件、密碼和其他重要的個(gè)人信息。最近中國(guó)發(fā)射了一顆名為墨子號(hào)的衛(wèi)星，它使用尖端技術(shù)來(lái)發(fā)送和接收信息。我們可能很快就再也不用擔(dān)心數(shù)據(jù)安全問(wèn)題了。 （1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句Micius is the first satellite of its kind to use quantum key distribution(量子密匙分發(fā)), which uses particles (粒子) that transmit(傳輸) light to transfer information from one point to another.（墨子號(hào)是第一顆使用量子密鑰分配（quantum key distribution，量子密鑰分配）的衛(wèi)星，它使用傳輸光的粒子將信息從一個(gè)點(diǎn)傳輸?shù)搅硪粋€(gè)點(diǎn)。）可知，因?yàn)槭褂昧孔觼?lái)傳輸，所以不會(huì)泄露重要的個(gè)人信息。故選C。 （2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Any eavesdropper on the quantum channel attempting to gain information … can be found by the municating users, the scientists wrote in the paper.（科學(xué)家們?cè)谡撐闹袑?xiě)道：任何試圖獲取信息的量子信道竊聽(tīng)者……都可以被正在通信的用戶發(fā)現(xiàn)。）可知，科學(xué)家在論文中的表述講述了一種科學(xué)現(xiàn)象。故選B。 （3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中For example, the process only works at night, as the information isn39。t able to pass through sunlight.（例如，這個(gè)過(guò)程只在晚上進(jìn)行，因?yàn)樾畔o(wú)法通過(guò)陽(yáng)光。）可知，墨子號(hào)衛(wèi)星的主要問(wèn)題是陽(yáng)光對(duì)它的工作有致命的影響。故選D。 （4）主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章主要內(nèi)容為介紹中國(guó)墨子號(hào)的衛(wèi)星，它使用尖端技術(shù)來(lái)發(fā)送和接收信息，從而保護(hù)人們的信息安全。預(yù)示著我們將會(huì)進(jìn)入數(shù)據(jù)安全時(shí)代。故選A。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及推理判斷題和主旨大意題兩種?？碱}型。推理判斷題根據(jù)結(jié)合上下文進(jìn)行合理的推斷，不主觀臆斷。主旨大意題把握文章的首尾段和關(guān)鍵詞。8．閱讀理解 Words and the way we use them offer a rare window on social and cultural trends. Kory Stamper and Peter Sokolowski know that better than most. The MerriamWebster(韋氏詞典) lexicographers(詞典編纂者) are part of a team that edits the dictionary. In a recent interview, Sokolowski and Stamper talked about their job and what the way we use words says about us collectively. So to know more about them, observers of the language, maybe we should start with some background. What is a lexicographer? Sokolowski: A lexicographer is a person who writes or edits a dictionary. The job of a dictionary editor is to prepare and present research about language. One of our former editorsin chief said, Tell the truth about words, and that sums it up for me. What do you guys do all day? Stamper: The two main duties of a lexicographer are reading and defining. We read everything: books, journals, blogs, phone books, takeout menus, and so on. What we39。re looking for are words that catch our eye. We record the context of these words and information about the sources. Those records are added to a database, and they are the raw material we use in writing definitions. When we are writing or revising a dictionary, most of our time is spent defining. We define a word according to how it is used in the recorded context, deciding whether the usage has been covered by our dictionary. Once this is done, you look at the new words and new senses and draft a definition. Drafting definitions requires some training, some experience and a lot of concentration. It39。s very, very quiet on the editorial floor. How closely do the most lookedup words on your online dictionary seem to be related to the news or trends? Stamper: When our dictionary went online back in 1996, we could see for the first time which were the most lookedup words in English: Affect, effect and ubiquitous were the top words. It was fascinating to us173。dictionary editors spend so much time writing definitions but never could have known if anyone ever read them. We could follow what people were thinking about according to what words they were looking up. Thanks to our online dictionary, we had data.（1）What do lexicographers do? A.They co