【正文】 0。C.Education.D.Donation.（3）If a person feels happy, he may . A.ask for more donationsB.stop charitable activityC.be likely to give more.D.cook food for the poor【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了美國人愛做慈善，因為給予別人幫助比得到幫助更讓人快樂。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù) 第二段中的“people who give money to charity are 43% more likely than nongivers to say they are ‘very happy’ about their lives.”可知給予者比得到幫助者更快樂。故選B。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段年齡，性別，收入，信仰，家庭環(huán)境都相同的兩個人，總是向慈善機構捐錢的那個人，更快樂?？芍蔷栀浐徒o予影響一個人的快樂。故選D。 （3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“not only does giving increase our happiness, but also our happiness increases the possibility that we will give.”一個人越快樂就越愿意去捐贈，去幫助別人。故選C。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生準確掌握細節(jié)信息，結合題目要求，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。 There39。s a world of difference between a horror movie and a edy—the former scares you half to death while the latter leaves you rolling on the floor with laughter. But try watching them without the background music and you just might decide they39。re not so different after all. Music and movies have been closely connected since the beginning of the film industry—even before the voices of actors were recorded. In movies, music helps to provide a sense of time and place, convey ideas about the characters and, most importantly, draw emotions out of the audience. Studies have long shown that our heart rates and anxiety levels rise and fall depending on the speed of the music we hear. Using this knowledge, posers use sudden changes in film music speed to create fear among audiences. Slowing the speed of the music will have the opposite effect, bringing about a sense of peace or a dreamlike quality. The use of dissonant (不和諧的) tones and noises is another technique that heightens tension. Humans naturally bee unnerved when we hear dissonant sounds because such noises are usually associated with danger, like those that animals make to warn against predators (捕食者). As crucial as it is, the best film music is subtle. All that audiences are supposed to feel is a heightened sense of emotion—they shouldn39。t realize what39。s causing it. Only when the music is taken out of the film should audiences understand its effects. In keeping with this principle, some filmmakers are even using what39。s called infrasound (次聲波) to arouse fear. While we may not be able to hear it because its frequency is below the range of the human ear, infrasound has been proven to cause anxiety, tremble and even sorrow. For example, infrasound was used in the soundtrack of the 2007 horror movie Paranormal Activity, and audiences reposed extremely high fear levels despite the 1ack of action throughout the movie. It doesn39。t affect everyone equally, said British science writer Philip Ball, author of The Music Instinct, but he predicted that we will see more of it used in movies in the future.（1）What is the difference between a horror movie and a edy? A.Their history.B.Their background music.C.Their actors.D.Their time and place.（2）What causes fear among audiences? A.The theme of the music.B.The slow speed of the tangle.C.The knowledge of the music.D.The unexpected change of the music.（3）What does the underlined word subtle in the third paragraph mean? A.GentleB.WonderfulC.Not immediately obviousD.Not extremely attractive（4）What do we know about infrasound from the last paragraph? A.It can39。t be known to people.B.It makes audiences relaxed.C.It is within the range of the human ear.D.It will be used more in movies in the future.【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，電影和音樂的關系密切，音樂對于電影影響重大，作者說明了電影制作者如何用音樂來渲染氣氛。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的But try watching them without the background music and you just might decide they39。re not so different after all.可知，但是試著在沒有背景音樂的情況下看它們，你可能會覺得它們并沒有什么不同。所以通過反向推理，要是有了背景音樂，恐怖電影和喜劇電影就截然不同了。故判斷出恐怖電影和喜劇電影的區(qū)別在于他們的背景音樂。故選B。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的Using this knowledge, posers use sudden changes in film music speed to create fear among audiences.可知，利用這一知識，作曲家利用電影音樂速度的突然變化在觀眾中制造恐懼。所以音樂的突然變化會使觀眾恐懼。故選D。 （3）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的All that audiences are supposed to feel is a heightened sense of emotion—they shouldn39。t realize what39。s causing it. Only when the music is taken out of the film should audiences understand its effects.可知，觀眾應該感受到的只是一種強烈的情感——他們不應該意識到是什么導致了這種情感。只有當音樂被從電影中刪除時，觀眾才能理解它的影響。所以這段在解釋最好的電影音樂是不易被觀眾察覺的音樂。也就是對subtle的解釋。故第三段加下劃線的subtle一詞是C選項“不明顯的”。故選C。 （4）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的but he predicted that we will see more of it used in movies in the future可知，但他預測“我們將來會看到更多的電影會使用它”。所以從最后一段可知，infrasound將在未來的電影中被更多地使用。故選D。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節(jié)信息，同時根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。9．閱讀短文，從短文后每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。 Over the years, cheerleading has taken two primary forms: gametime cheerleading and petitive cheerleading. Gametime cheerleaders39。 main goal is to entertain the crowd and lead them with team cheers, which should not be considered a sport. However, petitive cheerleading is more than a form of entertainment. It is really a petitive sport. Competitive cheerleading includes lots of physical activity. The majority of the teams require a certain level of tumbling (翻騰) ability. It39。s a very mon thing for gymnasts, so it39。s easy for them to go into petitive cheerleading. Usually these cheerleaders integrate lots of their gymnastics experience including their jumps, tumbling, and overall energ