【正文】 D。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測，推理判斷和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇健康類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 About sixty years ago, China was known as the Bicycle Kingdom. But the twowheeled way of transportation began to bee less popular, with many bikes soon replaced by their fourwheeled petitors. But recent months have seen a revival(復(fù)興) of the bike across China, with an increasing number of people choosing cycling instead of driving to schools, to workplaces or to do sightseeing. The introduction of bikesharing plans, pioneered by panies like Ofo and Mobike, has brought cycling to a new level. According to the latest data, the first week of this year saw 5, 850,000 active users of Mobike while Ofo had 1,400,000 active users. People can unlock the shared bikes by simply using their smartphones. The bikes are equipped with GPS and can be left anywhere in public for the next user. They are popular among many Chinese people. In places where the underground railway doesn39。t extend, it39。s so easy to get where you want to go with Mobike, Hu Hong said. She cycles to her workplace in Shanghai. Bikesharing is a greener method of transportation and provides a userfriendly experience. However, the plans have also led to problems such as illegal parking, breaking and stealing. Last month, two nurses in Beijing put locks on two shared bikes. And in December, a man stole a shared bike. Now Chinese service operators are also trying to solve these problems. Setting credit points is one of the ways. Mobike sets a 100point credit score for each user, with points taken because of bad behavior. Once a score drops below 80, bike Tental((租金) is increased to 100 yuan per 30 minutes rather than yuan.（1）From which is the text probably taken? A.A fashion magazine.B.A travel guide.C.A storybook.D.A newspaper.（2）What39。s the close meaning of the underlined word extend in the third paragraph? A.Fill.B.Reach.C.Provide.D.Follow.（3）Why does the writer say: setting credit points is one of the ways in the last paragraph? A.To give an example of how the service operators solve the problems.B.To show the one of the problems that bikeusers meet.C.To offer an example of how bike rental is increased.D.To provide a plan for the government to choose and solve the problems.【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）A 【解析】【分析】本文主要講述了中國從六十年前的自行車王國到被汽車代替以及最近幾個(gè)月，自行車在中國各地復(fù)蘇，越來越多的人選擇騎自行車，而不是開車上學(xué)、上班或觀光。Ofo和摩拜等公司率先推出的共享單車計(jì)劃，將自行車運(yùn)動(dòng)提升到了一個(gè)新的水平。 （1）推理判斷題。本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章講述的是中國從六十年前的自行車王國到被汽車代替以及最近幾個(gè)月，自行車在中國各地開始復(fù)蘇。這是一篇新聞報(bào)道，由此推知文章很可能來自一份報(bào)紙。故選D。 （2）詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中They are popular among many Chinese people. In places where the underground railway doesn39。t extend, it39。s so easy to get where you want to go with Mobike(它們在許多中國人中很受歡迎。在地鐵不延伸的地方，騎摩拜單車去你想去的地方很容易。)可知，指地鐵夠不到的地方，劃線詞的意思是夠得到。故選B。 （3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Now Chinese service operators are also trying to solve these problems. Setting credit points is one of the ways. Mobike sets a 100point credit score for each user, with points taken because of bad behavior.（現(xiàn)在，中國的服務(wù)運(yùn)營商也在努力解決這些問題。設(shè)置學(xué)分是其中一種方法。摩拜單車為每位用戶設(shè)置了100分的信用評(píng)分，這些分?jǐn)?shù)是由于用戶的不良行為而獲得的。）可知，作者在最后一段說setting credit points is one of the ways是為了舉例說明服務(wù)運(yùn)營商是如何解決這些問題的。故選A。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。新聞報(bào)道類的閱讀文章，先要找到文章的主旨句，主旨句一般在開頭或轉(zhuǎn)折詞后等。再分清段落結(jié)構(gòu)和把握每段段意。對文章有個(gè)全面的理解。9．閱讀理解 Ronald Reagan ever said, It39。s true hard work never killed anybody, but I figure, why take the chance? To some extent, extra effort seems to be selfdefeating. Studies suggest that, after 50 hours a week, employee productivity falls sharply. But that doesn39。t stop some managers from demanding that workers stay chained to their desk for long periods. Jack Ma, the founder of Alibaba, recently praised the 996 model, where employees work from 9 . to 9 ., 6 days a week, as a huge blessing. Apparently, presenteeism (出勤主義) is the curse of the modern office worker. There will be days when you do not have much to do: perhaps because you are waiting for someone else in a different department, or a different pany, to respond to a request. As the clock ticks past 5 pm, there may be no purpose in staying at your desk. But you can see your boss hard at work and, more importantly, they can see you. So you make an effort to look busy. Some of this may be a selfcontinuing cycle. If bosses do not like to go home before their employees, and employees fear leaving before their bosses, everyone is trapped. Staff may feel that they will not get a pay rise, or a promotion, if they are not seen to be putting in maximum effort. This is easily confused with long hours. Managers, who are often no good at judging employees39。 performance, use time in the office as a measure. The consequence is often wasted effort. We pretend to work and managers pretend to believe us. Rather than work hard, you try to make bosses think that you are. Leaving a jacket on your office chair, walking around purposefully with a notebook and sending out s at odd hours are three of the bestknown tricks. After a while this can result in collective selfdelusion that this pretence is actual work. But presenteeism has more serious consequences. It is perhaps most mon in Japan, where people attend the office even when they are in disfort. In doing so, they are doing neither themselves nor their employers any favours. As well as reducing productivity, this can increase medical expenses for the employer. According to a study in the Journal of Occupation and Environmental Medicine, these costs can be six times higher for employers than the costs of absenteeism among workers. Those workers were more likely to experience greater pain and to suffer from depression. In the evolution of humanity, presenteeism is a recent phenomenon. In the industrial era, workers were paid not for their output but for their time, and were