【正文】
________(death) a year, not just in________(develop) countries but also in UK and the USA as well. In China,people are well aware of the health problems it brings.I check every part every day. If it has heavy air pollution, I will prepare masks for my family. I dislike________when the air is bad. Because bad air makes it difficult for me to breathe and I think it does influence my________(perform) at work. A new research in china has also found a link between air quality and levels of intelligence. In the study, 25,000 people living across China________(test) in language and math skills last year. They found the results of those________lived in more polluted areas were________(negative) impacted, especially in languages. It adds to a growing body of evidence that air pollution has an effect not just on the lungs and heart________on the brain. This research shows that the longer we are exposed to air pollution, the ________(many) problems we39。re storing up for later life. Campaigners hope this study will persuade the British government________(think) hard before it publishes its clean air strategy next year.【答案】 deaths;developing;it;performance;were tested;who;negatively;but;more;to think 【解析】【分析】本文是一則新聞報道,無聲殺手——空氣污染每年導(dǎo)致700萬人過早死亡,不僅在發(fā)展中國家,在英國和美國也是如此。最新研究表明,我們接觸空氣污染的時間越長,我們?yōu)橐院蟮纳罘e累的問題就越多。 (1)考查名詞。句意:無聲殺手——空氣污染每年導(dǎo)致700萬人過早死亡,不僅在發(fā)展中國家,在英國和美國也是如此。此處death“死亡的人數(shù)”,是可數(shù)名詞,結(jié)合句意可知此處用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填deaths。 (2)考查形容詞。句意:無聲殺手——空氣污染每年導(dǎo)致700萬人過早死亡,不僅在發(fā)展中國家,在英國和美國也是如此。此處是“發(fā)展中的”,是形容詞作定語修飾后面的名詞,故填developing。 (3)考查代詞。句意:我不喜歡空氣不好的時候。此處it是形式賓語,when引導(dǎo)的從句是真正的賓語,故填it。 (4)考查名詞。句意:我認為這確實會影響我的工作表現(xiàn)。此處my是形容詞性物主代詞,修飾名詞,故填performance。 (5)考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:在這項研究中。此處句子主語people,集體名詞,和謂語動詞test之間是一種被動關(guān)系,再根據(jù)In the study,是過去的事情,所以句子用一般過去時態(tài)的被動語態(tài),故填were tested。 (6)考查定語從句。句意:他們發(fā)現(xiàn),那些生活在污染更嚴重地區(qū)的人的結(jié)果受到了負面影響,尤其是在語言方面。此處those是先行詞,指人,在后面的定語從句中作主語,故填who。 (7)考查副詞。句意:他們發(fā)現(xiàn),那些生活在污染更嚴重地區(qū)的人的結(jié)果受到了負面影響,尤其是在語言方面。此處impacted是動詞,由副詞修飾,故填negatively。 (8)考查固定短語。句意:越來越多的證據(jù)表明,空氣污染不僅會影響肺部和心臟,還會影響大腦。not just/only...but(also)...。固定短語,“不但......而且.....”,故填but。 (9)考查形容詞。句意:這項研究表明,我們接觸空氣污染的時間越長,我們?yōu)橐院蟮纳罘e累的問題就越多。the+比較級,the+比較級,固定句式,“越......,越......?!惫侍頼ore。 (10)考查非謂語動詞。句意:活動家希望這項研究能說服英國政府在明年公布其清潔空氣戰(zhàn)略之前三思。persuade sb. to do ,“勸說某人做某事”。故填to think。 【點評】本題考點涉及名詞,形容詞,代詞,名詞,時態(tài)語態(tài),定語從句,副詞以及非謂語動詞等多個知識點的考查,是一篇新聞報道,要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識,進行分析推理,從而寫出正確的單詞形式。10.閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Kiwis are endangered little birds native to New Zealand. It ________(believe) that these small birds exist as a result of New Zealand39。s isolation (隔離)from the other parts of the world, forcing animals there ________(adapt)and evolve (進化)so as to be able to survive and reproduce. The evolution is what has led to the present________(appear) of the kiwi bird. Kiwis are a national symbol of New Zealand, with the name kiwi ________(be) associated with many things in New Zealand including their famous rugby national team. Kiwis have excellent memories and can remember something that ________(happen) as long as five years back. Even though they have feathers, their feathers look and feel ________(much) like hair rather than feathers. This enables them to be able to hide in a bush and go ________(plete) unnoticed by their natural enemies. Unlike most birds, the kiwi bird has a great sense of smell ________enables them to sniff out prey (獵物)hidden in bushes and underground. The smallest kiwi bird has ________height of 45 centimeters and wight of 2 kilograms while the largest kiwi can grow________50 centimeters tall and can weigh kilograms.【答案】 is believed;to adapt;appearance;being;happened;more;pletely;that/which;a;to 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,介紹了幾維鳥的相關(guān)信息。 (1)考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:人們認為,這些小鳥的存在是新西蘭與世界其他地方隔絕的結(jié)果。此處是陳述種客觀事實,故應(yīng)該使用一般現(xiàn)在時;It is believed that... “據(jù)人們認為……”,因此填一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。故填is believed。 (2)考查非謂語動詞。句意:迫使那里的動物適應(yīng)和進化,以便能夠生存和繁殖。force...to do ,“強迫……做某事”,故填to adapt。 (3)考查名詞。句意:這種進化導(dǎo)致了幾維鳥的出現(xiàn)。present在句中為形容詞,因此應(yīng)該填入所給形容詞的名詞形式。故填appearance。 (4)考查非謂語動詞。句意:幾維鳥是新西蘭的國家象征,kiwi這個名字與新西蘭的許多事物都有聯(lián)系,包括新西蘭著名的橄欖球隊。此處是“with+名詞+分詞”結(jié)構(gòu),由于kiwi與動詞短語be associated with之間是主動關(guān)系,因此填所給詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填being。 (5)考查時態(tài)。句意:幾維鳥的記憶力很好,他們能記住五年前發(fā)生的事情。故應(yīng)該使用一般過去時,因此應(yīng)該填入所給動詞的過去式。故填happened。 (6)考查形容詞。句意:盡管它們有羽毛,但它們的羽毛看上去和摸起來都更像是茸毛而非羽毛。因此填形容詞的比較級。故填more。 (7)考查副詞。句意:這使得它們能夠躲在灌木叢中,完全不被天敵發(fā)現(xiàn)。此處是用于修飾過去分詞unnoticed,因此用副詞,填pletely。 (8)考查定語從句。句意:與大多數(shù)鳥類不同的是,幾維鳥有很強的嗅覺,能夠嗅出隱藏在灌木叢和地下的獵物。此處是一個限制性定語從句,先行詞是a great sense of smell,指物,且引導(dǎo)詞在定語從句中作主語,因此填關(guān)系代詞that或which,引導(dǎo)該限制性定語從句。故填that/which。 (9)考查冠詞。句意:最小的幾維鳥身高45厘米,體重2公斤。have a height of... 固定短語,“有……高”,因此填冠詞a。故填a。 (10)考查介詞。句意:而最大的幾維鳥可以長到50厘米高。介詞to后接數(shù)字表示能到達多高。故填to。 【點評】本題考點涉及時態(tài)語態(tài),主謂一致,非謂語動詞,名詞,形容詞,副詞,定語從句,冠詞以及介詞等多個知識點的考查,是一篇科普類閱讀,要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識,進行分析推理,從而寫出正確的單詞形式。