【正文】 e highspeed trains are also ________ (little) affected by weather than planes. Seldom are ________delayed or cancelled for weather condition. Therefore, they have bee the first choice for many passengers.【答案】 efficient；has led；mainly；to connect；facilities；disturbing；to；are；less；they 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了一種非常舒適的旅行方式——高速鐵路。 （1）考查形容詞。句意：它們干凈的、安靜的并且高效的。and是并列連詞，前面的clean, quiet都是形容詞，應(yīng)用efficiency的形容詞形式，故填efficient。 （2）考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：自2008年第一列高速列車(chē)投入使用以來(lái)，中國(guó)在這一領(lǐng)域領(lǐng)先于其他發(fā)展中國(guó)家，甚至一些發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家。since“自從”，常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用；lead 是不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞，過(guò)去式led,過(guò)去分詞led。故填has led。 （3）考查副詞。句意：這些車(chē)站主要建在城鎮(zhèn)中心以外。修飾過(guò)去分詞built用副詞,故填 mainly 。 （4）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：但當(dāng)?shù)氐慕煌ㄒ呀?jīng)延長(zhǎng)，以連接高速鐵路網(wǎng)絡(luò)。此處用不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)， 故填to connect。 （5）考查名詞。句意：高鐵上的設(shè)施很新，工作人員受過(guò)良好的培訓(xùn)。所填空在句子中作主語(yǔ)，根據(jù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞are 可知,主語(yǔ)應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填 facilities。 （6）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：通道很寬，你可以輕松地走動(dòng)，而不會(huì)打擾任何人。句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是can move，故此處用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)，disturb與邏輯主語(yǔ)you是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語(yǔ)。故填disturbing 。 （7）考查介詞。句意：你可以使用手機(jī)或在筆記本電腦上工作，可以訪問(wèn)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。have access to固定短語(yǔ)，“有使用/進(jìn)入….的權(quán)利/機(jī)會(huì)”。故填to。 （8）考查主謂一致。句意：還有一節(jié)餐車(chē)，盡管食物種類(lèi)有限。句子主語(yǔ)的中心詞是the kinds, 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填 are。 （9）考查副詞。句意：高鐵也比飛機(jī)更少地受到天氣的影響。根據(jù)后面的than可知little 應(yīng)該用比較級(jí)，little的比較級(jí)是less，最高級(jí)是least，故填less。 （10）考查代詞。句意：他們很少被推遲或因天氣原因被取消。否定副詞seldom置于句首，句子應(yīng)該用部分倒裝，將助動(dòng)詞are提前, 所填空為句子的主語(yǔ), 根據(jù)下一句they have bee the first choice可知應(yīng)填they指代上一句出現(xiàn)的the highspeed trains。故填they。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及形容詞，時(shí)態(tài)，副詞，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，名詞，介詞，主謂一致，代詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇科技類(lèi)閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫(xiě)出正確的單詞形式。 11．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 The gorillas（大猩猩）in the valleys in the south often lived together in groups of several tens. They were fond of drinking wine, and even fonder of imitating man39。s ________ (behave). People knew very well their ________ (habit) and often put wine on the roadside together with many straw sandals ________ were connected together with ropes. The gorillas knew this was ________trick to lure(引誘)them into traps and cursed: Humph! Do you think we don39。t know your tricks? We39。ll never be taken in! So they called one another, ________ (turn) round and left. But they had smelled the aroma(香味)of the wine already, and couldn39。t bear to part with it. Even after they left, they would turn their heads to look back. ________ they saw no one there, they would turn back。 and after they turned back, they were afraid of ________ (cheat), and left again. After much hesitation, they ________ (final) said to themselves: Just for a taste of the wine. It won39。t matter as long as we don39。t get drunk. Shortly afterwards, they agreed ________ (e) back to drink the wine. When they got drunk, they forgot everything. Every gorilla put on the straw sandals and imitated the way man walks. As a result, they fell down one after another and all of them ________ (catch) alive by people.【答案】 behavio(u)r；habits；which/that；a；turned；When；being cheated；finally；to e；were caught 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了南方山谷里大猩猩因?yàn)橥岛热祟?lèi)的酒，喝醉了被人類(lèi)活捉的故事。 （1）考查名詞。句意：他們喜歡喝酒，甚至喜歡模仿人的行為。根據(jù)上文man39。s為名詞所有格可知應(yīng)填名詞，故填behavio(u)r。 （2）考查名詞 。句意：人們很清楚自己的習(xí)慣，常常把酒和許多草鞋一起放在路邊，草鞋是用繩子連在一起的。habit為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)上文their可知應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填habits。 （3）考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：人們很清楚自己的習(xí)慣，常常把酒和許多草鞋一起放在路邊，草鞋是用繩子連在一起的。本句為定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞straw sandals，且先行詞在從句中做主語(yǔ)，指物，故填which/that。 （4）考查冠詞。句意：大猩猩知道這是引誘它們落入陷阱的詭計(jì)。trick為可數(shù)名詞，此處表示泛指“一個(gè)詭計(jì)”應(yīng)用不定冠詞。且trick為輔音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞，故填a。 （5）考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：于是他們互相招呼，轉(zhuǎn)身就走。本空為and連接并列結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)下文round and left可知為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填turned。 （6）考查連詞。句意：當(dāng)他們?cè)谀抢镆?jiàn)沒(méi)有人時(shí)，就轉(zhuǎn)身回去。本句為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”，故填When。 （7）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：他們回去后，害怕被騙，又離開(kāi)了。of為介詞后跟動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)，且cheat與they構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用being done形式。故填being cheated。 （8）考查副詞。句意：猶豫了很久，他們最后對(duì)自己說(shuō):“只是為了嘗一嘗酒。只要我們不喝醉就行了。”修飾動(dòng)詞say應(yīng)用副詞形式，故填finally。 （9）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：沒(méi)過(guò)多久，他們同意回來(lái)喝酒。agree to do ，“同意做某事”，故填to e。 （10）考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：結(jié)果，他們一個(gè)接一個(gè)地醉倒了，都被人活捉了。本句中主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且根據(jù)上文“they fell down one after another”可知為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為they，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填were caught。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及名詞，定語(yǔ)從句，冠詞，時(shí)態(tài)，連詞，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，副詞以及時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇故事類(lèi)閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫(xiě)出正確的單詞形式。 12．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式(每空至多3詞)。 When an important holiday es, I usually think of what gifts to buy or prepare for my family members. It is the act itself rather than the thing you buy that ________(matter). Either a small present, a text message or a phone call can mean a lot to the receivers. ________, I had never got anything from my son, who is a university student. Parents never forget to celebrate their children39。s birthday, but their children seem to be very ________ (forget). They seldom do something in return. Life is unpredictable, and you never know what will happen tomorrow. When my son came back during the summer vacation, my wife and I, as usual, ________ (meet) him at the station. ________arriving home, much to my surprise, my son took out a wrist watch and gave it to me, ________ (say) it was a birthday gift for me. It is a very fashionable watch, ________ shows not only hours, minutes and seconds but days as well. You can imagine how surprised and excited I was at that moment. Some people say children get too much care and love from their parents and just take them for granted. It is natural for people to have such concerns and ________(worry), but things may not turn out as badly as ________ (expect). We need to look more at the positive side of life, as a famous writer once said, Life is ________best classroom one can never get.【答案】 matters；However；forgetful；met；On/Upon；saying；which；worries；expected；the 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，作者最開(kāi)始認(rèn)為父母對(duì)孩子的愛(ài)從來(lái)都沒(méi)有回報(bào)，但通過(guò)兒子暑假回來(lái)送給他一塊手表作為生日禮物這件事改變了作者的看法。 （1）考查主謂一致及時(shí)態(tài)。句意：重要的是行為本身而不是你買(mǎi)的東西。此處描述的客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；同時(shí)這里用了強(qiáng)調(diào)句“It is +強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that...”，強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特點(diǎn)是去掉It is 和that剩余句子成分還能構(gòu)成完整句子，matter是動(dòng)詞“重要”的意思，陳述句是The act itself rather than the thing you buy matters。故填matters。 （2）考查副詞。根據(jù)文章第一句“When an important holiday es, I usually think of what gifts to buy or prepare for my family members.”每當(dāng)重要的節(jié)日到來(lái)，我通常會(huì)考慮給家人買(mǎi)或準(zhǔn)備什么禮物和第四句“I had never got anything from my son,”我從未收到我兒子的任何東西，可知，前后有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，再加上空格后面有逗號(hào)，應(yīng)使用轉(zhuǎn)折副詞however。故填However。 （3）考查形容詞。句意：父母永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記慶祝他們孩子的生日。seem to be固定短語(yǔ)，“好像是...”后面加形容詞或名詞，這里可以判斷是形容詞“健忘的”。故填forgetful。 （4）考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：像往常一樣我太太和我去車(chē)站接他。根據(jù)