【正文】 后面的不定式。故填it。 （6）考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意: 她花了幾十年的時(shí)間研究孩子的發(fā)展，最后發(fā)現(xiàn)父母往往過于關(guān)注孩子成年后的狀況。根據(jù)并列連詞and及前句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞spent可知，此處用所給動(dòng)詞的一般過去式。故填found。 （7）考查形容詞。句意: 危害在于父母和他們的孩子可能會(huì)感到焦慮，緊張或不快樂。此處用所給詞的形容詞作bee的表語(yǔ)。故填anxious。 （8）考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意: 我們非常關(guān)心我們的孩子，我們認(rèn)為他們很難掌握自己的未來(lái)，我們不愿意讓他們自由探索世界。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)(we think是插入語(yǔ))且先行詞是our children，故此處用關(guān)系代詞who/that引導(dǎo)該定語(yǔ)從句。故填who/that。 （9）考查副詞。句意: 我們非常關(guān)心我們的孩子，我們認(rèn)為他們很難掌握自己的未來(lái)，我們不愿意讓他們自由探索世界。此處用所給詞的副詞修飾動(dòng)詞explore。故填freely。 （10）考查形容詞。句意: 事實(shí)是，父母越不擔(dān)心結(jié)果，他們的孩子可能生活得越好。根據(jù)句意“事實(shí)是，父母對(duì)結(jié)果的擔(dān)心越少，他們的孩子的生活就越好”可知，此處用所給形容詞的比較級(jí),且枸成“the十比較級(jí),the十比較級(jí)”的結(jié)枸。故填less。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及語(yǔ)態(tài)，介詞，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，代詞，時(shí)態(tài)，形容詞，定語(yǔ)從句，副詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇社會(huì)類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。10．After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word。 for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. We want our children to succeed in school and, perhaps even more importantly, in life. But the paradox(悖論) is that our children can only truly succeed ________ they first learn how to fail. Consider the finding that worldclass figure skaters fall over more often in practice than lowlevel figure skaters. Why are the really good skaters falling over the most? The reason is actually quite simple. Top skaters are constantly challenging themselves in practice. ________ (stretch) their limitations, they keep trying their best. They fall over so often, but it is precisely why they learn so fast. Lowerlevel skaters have a quite different approach. They are always attempting jumps they can already do very easily, ________ (remain) within their fort zone. This is why they don39。t fall over. In a superficial sense, they look successful, because they are always on their feet. Never ________ (fail) in practice prevents them from making progress. ________ is true of skating is also true of life. James Dyson worked through 5,126 prototypes (原型) for his newest vacuum before ing up with the design ________ made his fortune. These failures were essential to the pathway of learning. As Dyson put ________: You can39。t develop new technology unless you test new ideas and learn when things go wrong. Failure is essential to invention. In healthcare, however, things are very different. Clinicians don39。t like to admit to failure, partly because they have strongegos (自我) —particularly the senior doctors—and partly because they fear litigation (訴訟). The consequence is that ________ learning from failure, healthcare often covers up failure. The direct consequence is that the same mistakes ________ (repeat). According to the Journal of Patient Safety, 400,000 people die every year in American hospitals alone due to preventable error. ________ healthcare learns to respond positively to failure, things will not improve.【答案】 if / when；To stretch；remaining；failing；What；which / that；it；instead of；are repeated；Until / Unless 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，只有先學(xué)會(huì)如何失敗，才能真正成功，作者用這個(gè)道理告訴美國(guó)的醫(yī)療保健部門只有學(xué)會(huì)積極面對(duì)失敗，醫(yī)療事故的情況才會(huì)好轉(zhuǎn)。 （1）考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：但矛盾的是，我們的孩子只有先學(xué)會(huì)如何失敗，才能真正成功。根據(jù)句意可知此處既可以用if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，表示如果……，也可用when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示當(dāng)……的時(shí)候，故填if / when。 （2）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：為了突破自己的局限，他們一直在努力。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示目的，應(yīng)該用不定式做目的狀語(yǔ)，故填To stretch。 （3）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：他們總是嘗試他們已經(jīng)做得很容易的動(dòng)作，保持在他們的舒適區(qū)內(nèi)。They與remain之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，表示主動(dòng)，用現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語(yǔ)，故填remaining。 （4）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在實(shí)踐中從不失敗會(huì)阻礙他們進(jìn)步。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處用動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)，故填failing。 （5）考查主語(yǔ)從句。句意：生活中的情況和滑冰的情況是一樣的。此處為主語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，故填What。 （6）考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：詹姆斯戴森為最新款的吸塵器設(shè)計(jì)了5126個(gè)原型，然后才想出了這個(gè)讓他大賺一筆的設(shè)計(jì)。此處為定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為design，指物，關(guān)系詞在從句中做主語(yǔ)，故填which / that。 （7）考查代詞。句意：正如戴森所說(shuō)的：除非你測(cè)試新想法，并在事情出錯(cuò)時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)，否則你不會(huì)開發(fā)出新技術(shù)，失敗是發(fā)明的基礎(chǔ)。as someone puts it固定句式。正如某人所說(shuō)表示。put it表達(dá)......故填it。 （8）考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意：結(jié)果是，醫(yī)療保健往往掩蓋失敗，而不是從失敗中吸取教訓(xùn)。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示而不是，故填instead of。 （9）考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：其直接后果是一再地犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。陳述的是客觀事實(shí)，mistakes 與repeat之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故填are repeated。 （10）考查連詞。句意：除非醫(yī)療保健學(xué)會(huì)積極面對(duì)失敗，否則情況不會(huì)好轉(zhuǎn)（直到醫(yī)療保健學(xué)會(huì)積極面對(duì)失敗，情況才會(huì)好轉(zhuǎn)）。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示除非或直到，故填Until / Unless。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及狀語(yǔ)從句，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，主語(yǔ)從句，定語(yǔ)從句，代詞，介詞短語(yǔ)，時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)以及連詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇人生感悟類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。11．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Summer is over, but there39。s no reason to be upset as that means autumn is upon us, arguably the ________ (good) season of the year. Beijing39。s autumn is extremely short, so parks around the city fill up fast with people ing to see the season39。s sight—a show of changing ________ (color) as the trees turn from dark green to deep red. There are plenty of places in the city center ________ (catch) the golden Gingko leaves, but I39。m heading just outside of the Fifth Ring Road to see the season on ________ larger scale. Despite parks like Xiangshan getting so busy ________ you need tickets a week in advance, there are still areas wellknown and ________ (frequent) visited by the Beijing crowds, and Baiwangshan, one of such places, ________ (locate) 3km from the Summer Palace to the city39。s North West. It offers hiking tails and beautiful views of the city and ________ (surround) forests. I love ing to Beijing39。s parks at this time of year because I can always enjoy ________ (I), bathing in the last of the good weather and golden colors. You never know ________ you39。re going to find around every corner.【答案】 best；colors；to catch；a；that；frequently；is located；surrounding；myself；what 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了北京的秋天，和一些秋景。 （1）考查形容詞。句意：夏天結(jié)束了，但不要沮喪因?yàn)檫@意味著秋天就要來(lái)了，秋天可以說(shuō)是一年中最好的季節(jié)。the 后用最高級(jí)，good的最高級(jí)是best，本句表示“最好的季節(jié)”。故填best。 （2）考查名詞。句意：北京的秋天很短，所以公園里擠滿了來(lái)往的看秋景的人。秋景就是變化的顏色——樹從深綠色變成深紅色。color表顏色時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)“ from dark green to deep red”可知，用復(fù)數(shù)形式colors。故填colors。 （3）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：城市中心有很多地方可以看金色的銀杏葉。此處是不定式做后置定語(yǔ)，修飾places，表示動(dòng)作還為發(fā)生。故填to catch。 （4）考查冠詞。句意：不過，我正前往五環(huán)外，以更大的規(guī)?？催@個(gè)季節(jié)。這里泛指一個(gè)更大的規(guī)模，且larger首字母發(fā)音為輔音因素。故填a。 （5）考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：盡管像香山這樣的公園變得如此繁忙以至于你需要提前一周訂票。so…that固定短語(yǔ)，“如此......以至于......”。故填that。 （6）考查副詞。句意：盡管像香山這樣的公園變得如此繁忙以至于你需要提前一周訂票，仍然還有北京人經(jīng)常去的有名的地方。visited是動(dòng)詞，用副詞修飾，故填frequently。 （7）考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：百望山距離頤和園3km，在城市西北方。be located固定短語(yǔ)，“坐落于、位于”。本句的主語(yǔ)是Baiwangshan